潮汐形变前驱波的时空特征
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摘要
分析了潮汐形变观测记录的14个震例中36个前驱波图像的特点、形态、量级,总结了潮汐形变前驱波的时空特征主震震级Ms≥5.9时出现的可能性大,出现的时间多为震前0.1~6.5天;台站对Ms=5、6、7、≥7.9地震的有效监测距离分别为70、300、400、2000km。
The feature, shapes and magnitudes of the 36 precursors of 14 earthquakes recorded by tidal deformation observation were analyzed.The space-time characteristics of tidal deformation precursors anomalies were summarized:the precursors may appear mostly before 0.1-6.5 days of Ms≥5.9 earthquake occuring,the effective monitoring distance for Ms=5,6,7 and ≥7.9 earthquake is about 70, 300, 400 and 2 000 km respectively.
The feature, shapes and magnitudes of the 36 precursors of 14 earthquakes recorded by tidal deformation observation were analyzed.The space-time characteristics of tidal deformation precursors anomalies were summarized:the precursors may appear mostly before 0.1-6.5 days of Ms≥5.9 earthquake occuring,the effective monitoring distance for Ms=5,6,7 and ≥7.9 earthquake is about 70, 300, 400 and 2 000 km respectively.
引文
[1]詹明,何蓉,等.四川省姑咱台形变仪器在地震前记录到特异形态.形变学科通讯,2002,2:45.
[2]李永振,佟国刚.辽宁铁岭台记录到的强远震前兆波特征浅析.形变学科通讯,2005,2:39.
[2]李永振,佟国刚.辽宁铁岭台记录到的强远震前兆波特征浅析.形变学科通讯,2005,2:39.
1 Kanamori Hand Cipar J J.Focal process of the great Chil-ean earthguake on May22,1960[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1974,9:128-136.
2 Kizawa T.大地震前后重力仪的记录[J].国外地震,1992,1:19~41.
2 Kizawa T.Gravimeter recording before and after great earth-quake[J].Abroad Earthquake,1992,1:19-41.(in Chi-nese)
3 西昌地震办公室.地震前的应力脉冲波[J].地震战线,1977,5:25~27.
3 Xichang Office of Earthquake Administration.The stress-pulse wave before earthquake[J].Earthquake Front,1977,5:25-27.(in Chinese)
4 吴兵,许厚泽.唐山地震前重力前兆特征[A].唐山地震考察与研究[C].北京:地震出版社,1981.
4 Wu Bing and Xu Houze.Characteristics of gravity premoni-tory before Tangshan earthquake[A].Investigation and stud-ies of Tangshan earthquake[C].Beijing:Seismological Press,1981.(in Chinese)
5 韩元杰.预滑与地震长周期波动研究[J].西北地震学报,1984,6(1):10~15.
5 Han Yuanjie.Study on pre-slip precursor of the earthquake-long period precursory seismic wave[J].Northwestern Seis-mological Journal,1984,6(1):17-24.(in Chinese)
6 冯德益,潘琴龙,等.长周期形变波及其所反应的短期和临震地震前兆[J].地震学报,1984,6(1):41~56.
6 Feng Deyi,Pan Qinlong,et al.Long-period deformational waves and short impending earthquake precursors[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1984,6(1):41-56.(in Chinese)
7 Chen Defu,et al.Preliminary discussion on the classification of anomaly patterns of ground tilting and its problems con-cerned[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1985,5(2):185-209.
8 陈德福,等.倾斜异常图像分类及其特征浅析[J].地震学报,1986,8(2):211~225.
8 Chen Defu,et al.Preliminary opinion on the features and classification of anomaly patterns of crustal tilt[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1986,8(2):211-225.(in Chinese)
9 Chen Defa et al.Tide-tile anomalies and coseismic tilt steps before the sowth yellowsea earthguake(Ms6.2)at some tilt stations along the coast[A].Procedings of China-United States symposium on crustal deformation and earthquake[C].Beijing:Seismological Press.1988:141-150.(in Chinese)
10 陈益惠,等.重力仪高频信息和地脉动的观测研究[J].地球物理学报,1988,31(5):528~538.
10 Chen Yihui,et al.Studies on high-frequency signals of gra-vimeter and microseisms[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1988,31(5):527-539.(in Chinese)
11 陈德福.菏泽5.9级地震地倾斜异常[A].地震监测与预报方法清理及成果汇编:重力、地倾斜、地应力分册[C].北京:地震出版社,1989.
11 Chen Defu.Ground tilt anomaly of HezeMs=5.9earth-quake[A].Compile of results by the methods of earthquak prediction and monitoring(Volume on gravity,tilt,stress)[C].Beijing:Seismological Press,1989.(in chinese)
12 魏望生,等.我国台站重力观测与地震响应特征初探[J].地壳形变与地震,1991,11(增刊):85~90.
12 Wei Wangsheng,et al.Preliminary approach on gravity ob-servations of China stations and earthquake response char-acteristic[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1991,11(sup.):85-90.(in Chinese)
13 杨志荣.两次强震前SQ-70高精度石英倾斜仪观测到的断层活动异常图像[J].科学通报,1992,16:1495~1498.
13 Yang Zhirong.Anomaly patterns of fault movement in SQ-70tiltmeter observation before two great earthquake[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1992,16:1495-1498.(in Chi-nese)
14 杨炳顺.大同-阳高地震香山、易县台形变前兆分析[J].地震,1992,2:44~51.
14 Yang Bingshun.Analysis on deformation precursors ob-served at Xiangshan and Yixian stations in Datong-Yanggao earthquake[J].Earthquake,1992,2:44-51.(in Chi-nese)
15 陈德福,等.地倾斜短临前兆信息特征[J].地壳形变与地震,1993,13(增刊2):47~54.
15 Chen Defu,et al.The characteristics of ground tilt short impending premonitory information[J].Crustal Deforma-tion and Earthquake,1993,13(Sup.2):47-54.(in Chi-nese)
16 姚同福,等.1976年松潘7.2级地震前几种异常波形的记录特征及在大震短临预报中的应用[J].西北地震学报,1994,16(2):57~62.
16 Yao Tongfu,et al.Waveform anomaly prior to the Songpan earthquake and its value to short-impending perdiction of strong earthquake[J].Northwestern Seiemological Journal,1994,16(2):57-61.(in Chinese)
17 张晓东,等.1994年2月16日共和5.8级地震短临预报实况[J].地震,1995,1:20~28.
17 Zhang Xiaodong,et al.The short-term and impending earthquake prediction forMs5.8Gonghe earthquake on Feb.16,1994[J].Earthquake,1995,1:20-28.(in Chi-nese)
18 陈德福,何世海,李旭东.洞体形变在丽江7级大震前作了正确的中短期预报[J].地壳形变与地震,1997,17(1):112~114.
18 Chen Defu,He shikai and Li Xudong.Correct mid-short-term prediction before the LijiangMs7.0earthquake by u-sing cave deformation data[J].Crustal Deformation and Earchquake,1997,17(1):112-114.(in Chinese)
19 赵根模,等.静寂的前震与地震预测[J].地震,2001,21(1):69~77.
19 Zhao Genmo,et al.Quiescent foreshock and earthquake prediction[J].Earthquake,2001,21(1):69-77.(in Chinese)
20 车用太,等.山西朔州井水位的“前驱波”记录及其讨论[J].地震学报,2002,24(2):210~216.
20 Che Yongtai,et al.The records of water level“precursors”and their discussion in well Shuozhou,Shanxi province[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2002,24(2):210-216.(in Chinese)
21 陈德福,李正媛,陈鹏.定点潮汐形变观测与GPS大地测量[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):107~113.
21 Chen Defu,Li Zhengyuan and Chen Peng.Observation of fixed point tidal deformation and GPS geodesy[J].Jounal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(1):107-113.(in Chinese)
22 杨又陵,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山口西M8.1级地震前的缓慢地震事件[J].国际地震动态,2003,9:1~4.
22 Yang Youling,et al.The slow earthquake event occurring before west to Kunlun mountain pass earthquake ofMs8.1on November14,2001[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2003,9:1-4.(in Chinese)
23 郝晓光,等.重力高频扰动与地震[J].地壳形变与地震,2001,21(3):9~13.
23 Hao Xiaoguang,et al.Gravity high-frequency disturbance and occurrence of earthquake[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,2001,21(3):9-13.(in Chinese)
24 陈德福.潮汐形变短临异常图像及其时空特征[J].华南地震,2006,26(1):98~115.
24 Chen Defu.The short-imminant anomaly patterns of tidal deformation and its spacio-temporal characteristics[J].South China Journal of Seismology,2006,26(1):98-115.(in Chinese)
25 郭增建,等.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.
25 Guo Zengjian,et al.The physics of earthquak source[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1979.(in Chinese)
26 陈德福.地壳形变动力学观测与研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,1993.
26 Chen Defu.Dynamic observation and research on crustal deformation[M].Beijing:Oceanic Press,1993.(in Chi-nese)
27 陈德福,苏凯之,耿士昌.地震地形变观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
27 Chen Defu,Su Kaizhi and Gen Shichang.Observation techniques of seismic crustal deformation[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1995.(in Chinese)
[2]李永振,佟国刚.辽宁铁岭台记录到的强远震前兆波特征浅析.形变学科通讯,2005,2:39.
[2]李永振,佟国刚.辽宁铁岭台记录到的强远震前兆波特征浅析.形变学科通讯,2005,2:39.
1 Kanamori Hand Cipar J J.Focal process of the great Chil-ean earthguake on May22,1960[J].Physics of the Earth and Planetary Interiors,1974,9:128-136.
2 Kizawa T.大地震前后重力仪的记录[J].国外地震,1992,1:19~41.
2 Kizawa T.Gravimeter recording before and after great earth-quake[J].Abroad Earthquake,1992,1:19-41.(in Chi-nese)
3 西昌地震办公室.地震前的应力脉冲波[J].地震战线,1977,5:25~27.
3 Xichang Office of Earthquake Administration.The stress-pulse wave before earthquake[J].Earthquake Front,1977,5:25-27.(in Chinese)
4 吴兵,许厚泽.唐山地震前重力前兆特征[A].唐山地震考察与研究[C].北京:地震出版社,1981.
4 Wu Bing and Xu Houze.Characteristics of gravity premoni-tory before Tangshan earthquake[A].Investigation and stud-ies of Tangshan earthquake[C].Beijing:Seismological Press,1981.(in Chinese)
5 韩元杰.预滑与地震长周期波动研究[J].西北地震学报,1984,6(1):10~15.
5 Han Yuanjie.Study on pre-slip precursor of the earthquake-long period precursory seismic wave[J].Northwestern Seis-mological Journal,1984,6(1):17-24.(in Chinese)
6 冯德益,潘琴龙,等.长周期形变波及其所反应的短期和临震地震前兆[J].地震学报,1984,6(1):41~56.
6 Feng Deyi,Pan Qinlong,et al.Long-period deformational waves and short impending earthquake precursors[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1984,6(1):41-56.(in Chinese)
7 Chen Defu,et al.Preliminary discussion on the classification of anomaly patterns of ground tilting and its problems con-cerned[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1985,5(2):185-209.
8 陈德福,等.倾斜异常图像分类及其特征浅析[J].地震学报,1986,8(2):211~225.
8 Chen Defu,et al.Preliminary opinion on the features and classification of anomaly patterns of crustal tilt[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,1986,8(2):211-225.(in Chinese)
9 Chen Defa et al.Tide-tile anomalies and coseismic tilt steps before the sowth yellowsea earthguake(Ms6.2)at some tilt stations along the coast[A].Procedings of China-United States symposium on crustal deformation and earthquake[C].Beijing:Seismological Press.1988:141-150.(in Chinese)
10 陈益惠,等.重力仪高频信息和地脉动的观测研究[J].地球物理学报,1988,31(5):528~538.
10 Chen Yihui,et al.Studies on high-frequency signals of gra-vimeter and microseisms[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1988,31(5):527-539.(in Chinese)
11 陈德福.菏泽5.9级地震地倾斜异常[A].地震监测与预报方法清理及成果汇编:重力、地倾斜、地应力分册[C].北京:地震出版社,1989.
11 Chen Defu.Ground tilt anomaly of HezeMs=5.9earth-quake[A].Compile of results by the methods of earthquak prediction and monitoring(Volume on gravity,tilt,stress)[C].Beijing:Seismological Press,1989.(in chinese)
12 魏望生,等.我国台站重力观测与地震响应特征初探[J].地壳形变与地震,1991,11(增刊):85~90.
12 Wei Wangsheng,et al.Preliminary approach on gravity ob-servations of China stations and earthquake response char-acteristic[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,1991,11(sup.):85-90.(in Chinese)
13 杨志荣.两次强震前SQ-70高精度石英倾斜仪观测到的断层活动异常图像[J].科学通报,1992,16:1495~1498.
13 Yang Zhirong.Anomaly patterns of fault movement in SQ-70tiltmeter observation before two great earthquake[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1992,16:1495-1498.(in Chi-nese)
14 杨炳顺.大同-阳高地震香山、易县台形变前兆分析[J].地震,1992,2:44~51.
14 Yang Bingshun.Analysis on deformation precursors ob-served at Xiangshan and Yixian stations in Datong-Yanggao earthquake[J].Earthquake,1992,2:44-51.(in Chi-nese)
15 陈德福,等.地倾斜短临前兆信息特征[J].地壳形变与地震,1993,13(增刊2):47~54.
15 Chen Defu,et al.The characteristics of ground tilt short impending premonitory information[J].Crustal Deforma-tion and Earthquake,1993,13(Sup.2):47-54.(in Chi-nese)
16 姚同福,等.1976年松潘7.2级地震前几种异常波形的记录特征及在大震短临预报中的应用[J].西北地震学报,1994,16(2):57~62.
16 Yao Tongfu,et al.Waveform anomaly prior to the Songpan earthquake and its value to short-impending perdiction of strong earthquake[J].Northwestern Seiemological Journal,1994,16(2):57-61.(in Chinese)
17 张晓东,等.1994年2月16日共和5.8级地震短临预报实况[J].地震,1995,1:20~28.
17 Zhang Xiaodong,et al.The short-term and impending earthquake prediction forMs5.8Gonghe earthquake on Feb.16,1994[J].Earthquake,1995,1:20-28.(in Chi-nese)
18 陈德福,何世海,李旭东.洞体形变在丽江7级大震前作了正确的中短期预报[J].地壳形变与地震,1997,17(1):112~114.
18 Chen Defu,He shikai and Li Xudong.Correct mid-short-term prediction before the LijiangMs7.0earthquake by u-sing cave deformation data[J].Crustal Deformation and Earchquake,1997,17(1):112-114.(in Chinese)
19 赵根模,等.静寂的前震与地震预测[J].地震,2001,21(1):69~77.
19 Zhao Genmo,et al.Quiescent foreshock and earthquake prediction[J].Earthquake,2001,21(1):69-77.(in Chinese)
20 车用太,等.山西朔州井水位的“前驱波”记录及其讨论[J].地震学报,2002,24(2):210~216.
20 Che Yongtai,et al.The records of water level“precursors”and their discussion in well Shuozhou,Shanxi province[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2002,24(2):210-216.(in Chinese)
21 陈德福,李正媛,陈鹏.定点潮汐形变观测与GPS大地测量[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,23(1):107~113.
21 Chen Defu,Li Zhengyuan and Chen Peng.Observation of fixed point tidal deformation and GPS geodesy[J].Jounal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2003,23(1):107-113.(in Chinese)
22 杨又陵,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山口西M8.1级地震前的缓慢地震事件[J].国际地震动态,2003,9:1~4.
22 Yang Youling,et al.The slow earthquake event occurring before west to Kunlun mountain pass earthquake ofMs8.1on November14,2001[J].Recent Developments in World Seismology,2003,9:1-4.(in Chinese)
23 郝晓光,等.重力高频扰动与地震[J].地壳形变与地震,2001,21(3):9~13.
23 Hao Xiaoguang,et al.Gravity high-frequency disturbance and occurrence of earthquake[J].Crustal Deformation and Earthquake,2001,21(3):9-13.(in Chinese)
24 陈德福.潮汐形变短临异常图像及其时空特征[J].华南地震,2006,26(1):98~115.
24 Chen Defu.The short-imminant anomaly patterns of tidal deformation and its spacio-temporal characteristics[J].South China Journal of Seismology,2006,26(1):98-115.(in Chinese)
25 郭增建,等.震源物理[M].北京:地震出版社,1979.
25 Guo Zengjian,et al.The physics of earthquak source[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1979.(in Chinese)
26 陈德福.地壳形变动力学观测与研究[M].北京:海洋出版社,1993.
26 Chen Defu.Dynamic observation and research on crustal deformation[M].Beijing:Oceanic Press,1993.(in Chi-nese)
27 陈德福,苏凯之,耿士昌.地震地形变观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1995.
27 Chen Defu,Su Kaizhi and Gen Shichang.Observation techniques of seismic crustal deformation[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1995.(in Chinese)
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