蜀南地区飞仙关组高精度层序地层研究
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摘要
针对四川盆地下三叠统飞仙关组层序地层存在多种不同划分方案,以高精度层序地层学理论与方法为指导,以蜀南地区飞仙关组台地相碎屑岩和碳酸盐岩为研究对象,以野外露头剖面、岩芯、钻井、测井、地震等资料为基础,综合应用岩性突变面、沉积相转换面、沉积物空间堆积样式的变化、早期成岩变化、电测井曲线特征以及地震反射特征等标志,识别出不同级次的11个层序界面,据此将本区飞仙关组划分为2个三级层序(TSQ1和TSQ2)和10个四级层序,其中TSQ1可细分出6个四级层序,TSQ2可再分出4个四级层序,并将其与传统地层单位进行对比:三级层序TSQ1和TSQ2分别对应于飞一段+飞二段地层和飞三段+飞四段地层。通过层序地层对比和层序地层格架的建立,指出这些层序在全区均具有良好的可对比性和等时性,每个层序均具有快速海侵到缓慢海退的特点,均由海侵体系域和高位体系域构成,未发现低位体系域和凝缩段。层序与储层关系的研究表明,四级层序Ⅲ和Ⅷ是台内鲕滩这种有利储集相带的主要发育层位,所形成的滩相鲕粒灰岩储层与高位体系域的向上变浅序列和早期暴露及其所导致的大气淡水淋溶改造有关,平面上集中分布于中东部地区。
To assess the different schemes of sequence stratigraphic division of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation we carried out a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic analysis of the platform facies clastic and carbonate rocks of the Feixianguan Formation in the southern Sichuan Basin outcrop, core, well log, and seismic data. We integrated lithologic discontinuities, sedimentary facies’ changes, stratigraphic stacking pattern diagenetic alternation, electric log, and seismic reflection data, and identified 11 sequence boundaries of different orders. The Feixianguan Formation in this area can be divided into 2 third-order sequences (TSQ1 and TSQ2)and 10 fourth-order sequences, of which 6 are in TSQ1 and 4 are in TSQ2. Correation with traditional lithestratigraphic units shows that, the third-order sequence TSQ1 corresponds to Member 1 and Member 2 whereas the third-order sequence TSQ2 corresponds to Member 3 and Member 4 of the Fexianguan Formation. These sequences can be traced over a large area and are approximately isochronous units each of which is characterized by a rapid transgression followed by a gradual regression. They consist of a transgression and a high-stand system tract, without a lowstand systems thract or a condensed section. The relationship between sequence stratigraphy and reservoir development shows that the fourth-order sequences Ⅲand Ⅷ are the main reseroirss, they are characterized by highstand oolite bank deposits that form shallowing-upward sequences and are often terminated by exposure surfaces.
To assess the different schemes of sequence stratigraphic division of the Lower Triassic Feixianguan Formation we carried out a high-resolution sequence stratigraphic analysis of the platform facies clastic and carbonate rocks of the Feixianguan Formation in the southern Sichuan Basin outcrop, core, well log, and seismic data. We integrated lithologic discontinuities, sedimentary facies’ changes, stratigraphic stacking pattern diagenetic alternation, electric log, and seismic reflection data, and identified 11 sequence boundaries of different orders. The Feixianguan Formation in this area can be divided into 2 third-order sequences (TSQ1 and TSQ2)and 10 fourth-order sequences, of which 6 are in TSQ1 and 4 are in TSQ2. Correation with traditional lithestratigraphic units shows that, the third-order sequence TSQ1 corresponds to Member 1 and Member 2 whereas the third-order sequence TSQ2 corresponds to Member 3 and Member 4 of the Fexianguan Formation. These sequences can be traced over a large area and are approximately isochronous units each of which is characterized by a rapid transgression followed by a gradual regression. They consist of a transgression and a high-stand system tract, without a lowstand systems thract or a condensed section. The relationship between sequence stratigraphy and reservoir development shows that the fourth-order sequences Ⅲand Ⅷ are the main reseroirss, they are characterized by highstand oolite bank deposits that form shallowing-upward sequences and are often terminated by exposure surfaces.
引文
[1]李亚红.2003.四川盆地东北部三叠系飞仙关组碳酸盐岩储层高分辨率层序地层学分析与储层预测[硕士学位论文].北京:中国地质大学.1—76
戴荔果,郑荣才,李爽,郑超,胡忠贵.2009.川东渝北地区飞仙关组层序—岩相古地理特征.中国地质,36(1):110—119
雷振宇,周洪瑞.1995.露头层序地层研究中的几个基本问题.地质科技情报,14(2):37—44
罗冰,谭秀成,李凌,刘宏,夏吉文,杜本强,刘晓光,牟晓慧.2010.蜀南地区长兴组顶部岩溶不整合的发现及其油气地质意义.石油学报,31(3):408—414
马永生,牟传龙,郭彤楼,谭钦银,余谦.2005.四川盆地东北部飞仙关组层序地层与储层分布.矿物岩石,25(4):73—79
穆龙新等.2000.储层精细研究方法——国内外露头储层和现代沉积及精细地质建模研究.北京:石油工业出版社.1—262
魏国齐,陈更生,杨威,杨雨,胡明毅,张林,吴世祥,金惠,沈珏红.2003.覆盖区碳酸盐岩层序界面的识别——以川北下三叠统飞仙关组为例.石油勘探与开发,30(6):68—71
王宓君.1989.中国石油地质志(卷十)四川油气区.北京:石油工业出版社.28—96
王兴志,张帆,马青,杨满平,王一刚,文应初,杨雨,张静.2002.四川盆地东部晚二叠世—早飞仙关期礁、滩特征与海平面变化.沉积学报,20(2):249—254
王训练.1999.露头层序地层学研究的几个基本理论问题.中国科学(D辑),29(1):22—30
王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,夏茂龙,张静,宋蜀筠,刘划一.2006.四川盆地及邻区上二叠统—下三叠统海槽的深水沉积特征.石油与天然气地质,27(5):702—714
吴因业,顾家裕.2002.油气层序地层学.北京:石油工业出版社69—72
周琦,卓胜广,魏国齐,张林.2008.四川盆地北部下三叠统飞仙关组层序地层分析.地层学杂志,32(4):406—410
Vai1P R&Sangree J B.张宏速等译.1991.应用层序地层学.东营:石油大学出版社.17—27
Dai Li-guo,Zheng Rong-cai,Li Shuang,Zheng Chao&Hu zhong-Gui.2009.Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography ofLower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in eastern Sichuan andnorthern Chongqing area.Geologyin China,36(1):110—119
Lei Zhen-yu&Zhou Hong-rui.1995.On some essential problems a-bout the outcrop sequence stratigraphy.Geological Science andTechnologyInformation,14(2):37—44
Luo Bing,Tan Xiu-cheng,Li Ling,Liu Hong,Xia Ji-wen,Du Ben-qiang,Liu Xiao-guang&Mou Xiao-hui.2010.Discovery andgeologic significance of paleokarst unconformity between theChangcing Formation and the Feixianguan Formation in theShunan Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,31(3):408—414
Ma Yong-sheng,Mou Chuang-long,Guo Tong-lou,Tan Qin-yin&Yu Qian.2005.Sequence stratigraphy and reservoir distributionof Feixianguan Formation in northeastern Sichuan.Journal ofMineralogy and Petrology,25(4):73—79
Miall A D.1998.Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial sandstone:Lessons fromoutcrop studies.AAPG,Bulletin,72(6):682—697
Mitchum R M.1977.Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sealevel,PartⅠ:Glossary of terms used in seismic stratigraphy.In:Pavton C Eed.Seismic stratigraphy:applications to hydro-carbon exploration.AAPG,26:205—212
Mu Long-xinet al.2000.Approaches to fine study of the reservoir:the outcrop reservoir,modern sedi mentation and the geologicalmodeling for fine studyin China and abroad.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press.1—262
Thomas C W&Read J F.2006.Sequence-stratigrahphic analysis u-sing well cuttings,Mississippian Greenbrier Group,West Vir-ginia.AAPG,Bullitin,90(12):1869—1882
Wei Guo-qi,Chen Geng-sheng,Yang Wei,Yang Yu,Hu Ming-yi,Zhang Lin,Wu Shi-xiang,Jin Hui&Shen Jue-hong.2003.Distinguishing of sequence interface of carbonate rock in thecovered field:an example for Feixianguan Formation,LowerTriassicin Northern Sichuan Basin.PetroleumExploration andDevelopment,30(6):68—71
Wang Mi-junet al.1989.Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.10)Sichuan Oil&Gas Field.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.28—96
Wang Xing-zhi,Zhang Fan,Ma Qing,Yang Man-ping,Wang Yi-gang,Wen Ying-chu,Yang Yu&Zhang Jing.2002.The char-acteristics of reef and bank and the fluctuation of sea-level inFeixianguan Period of Late Permian-Early Triassic,East Si-chuan Basin.Acta Sedi mentologica Sinica,20(2):249—254
Wang Xun-lian.1999.Several basic theoretical problems of the studyabout outcrop sequence stratigraphy.Science in China(SeriesD),29(1):22—30
Wang Yi-gang,Wen Ying-chu,Hong Hai-tao,Xia Mao-long,ZhangJing,Song Shu-jun&Liu Hua-yi.2006.Petroleum geologicalcharacteristics of deep water deposits in Upper Permian-LowerTriassic troughin Sichuan basin and adjacent areas.Oil&GasGeology,27(5):702—714
Wu Yin-ye&Gu Jia-yu.2002.Hydrocarbon sequence stratigraphy.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press.69—72
Zhou Qi,Zhuo Sheng-guang,Wei Guo-qi&Zhang Lin.2008.Se-quence stratigraphic analysis of the Lower Triassic FeixianguanFormation in northern Sichuan Basin.Journal of Stratigra-phy,32(4):406—410
戴荔果,郑荣才,李爽,郑超,胡忠贵.2009.川东渝北地区飞仙关组层序—岩相古地理特征.中国地质,36(1):110—119
雷振宇,周洪瑞.1995.露头层序地层研究中的几个基本问题.地质科技情报,14(2):37—44
罗冰,谭秀成,李凌,刘宏,夏吉文,杜本强,刘晓光,牟晓慧.2010.蜀南地区长兴组顶部岩溶不整合的发现及其油气地质意义.石油学报,31(3):408—414
马永生,牟传龙,郭彤楼,谭钦银,余谦.2005.四川盆地东北部飞仙关组层序地层与储层分布.矿物岩石,25(4):73—79
穆龙新等.2000.储层精细研究方法——国内外露头储层和现代沉积及精细地质建模研究.北京:石油工业出版社.1—262
魏国齐,陈更生,杨威,杨雨,胡明毅,张林,吴世祥,金惠,沈珏红.2003.覆盖区碳酸盐岩层序界面的识别——以川北下三叠统飞仙关组为例.石油勘探与开发,30(6):68—71
王宓君.1989.中国石油地质志(卷十)四川油气区.北京:石油工业出版社.28—96
王兴志,张帆,马青,杨满平,王一刚,文应初,杨雨,张静.2002.四川盆地东部晚二叠世—早飞仙关期礁、滩特征与海平面变化.沉积学报,20(2):249—254
王训练.1999.露头层序地层学研究的几个基本理论问题.中国科学(D辑),29(1):22—30
王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,夏茂龙,张静,宋蜀筠,刘划一.2006.四川盆地及邻区上二叠统—下三叠统海槽的深水沉积特征.石油与天然气地质,27(5):702—714
吴因业,顾家裕.2002.油气层序地层学.北京:石油工业出版社69—72
周琦,卓胜广,魏国齐,张林.2008.四川盆地北部下三叠统飞仙关组层序地层分析.地层学杂志,32(4):406—410
Vai1P R&Sangree J B.张宏速等译.1991.应用层序地层学.东营:石油大学出版社.17—27
Dai Li-guo,Zheng Rong-cai,Li Shuang,Zheng Chao&Hu zhong-Gui.2009.Sequence-based lithofacies and paleogeography ofLower Triassic Feixianguan Formation in eastern Sichuan andnorthern Chongqing area.Geologyin China,36(1):110—119
Lei Zhen-yu&Zhou Hong-rui.1995.On some essential problems a-bout the outcrop sequence stratigraphy.Geological Science andTechnologyInformation,14(2):37—44
Luo Bing,Tan Xiu-cheng,Li Ling,Liu Hong,Xia Ji-wen,Du Ben-qiang,Liu Xiao-guang&Mou Xiao-hui.2010.Discovery andgeologic significance of paleokarst unconformity between theChangcing Formation and the Feixianguan Formation in theShunan Area,Sichuan Basin.Acta Petrolei Sinica,31(3):408—414
Ma Yong-sheng,Mou Chuang-long,Guo Tong-lou,Tan Qin-yin&Yu Qian.2005.Sequence stratigraphy and reservoir distributionof Feixianguan Formation in northeastern Sichuan.Journal ofMineralogy and Petrology,25(4):73—79
Miall A D.1998.Reservoir heterogeneities in fluvial sandstone:Lessons fromoutcrop studies.AAPG,Bulletin,72(6):682—697
Mitchum R M.1977.Seismic stratigraphy and global changes of sealevel,PartⅠ:Glossary of terms used in seismic stratigraphy.In:Pavton C Eed.Seismic stratigraphy:applications to hydro-carbon exploration.AAPG,26:205—212
Mu Long-xinet al.2000.Approaches to fine study of the reservoir:the outcrop reservoir,modern sedi mentation and the geologicalmodeling for fine studyin China and abroad.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press.1—262
Thomas C W&Read J F.2006.Sequence-stratigrahphic analysis u-sing well cuttings,Mississippian Greenbrier Group,West Vir-ginia.AAPG,Bullitin,90(12):1869—1882
Wei Guo-qi,Chen Geng-sheng,Yang Wei,Yang Yu,Hu Ming-yi,Zhang Lin,Wu Shi-xiang,Jin Hui&Shen Jue-hong.2003.Distinguishing of sequence interface of carbonate rock in thecovered field:an example for Feixianguan Formation,LowerTriassicin Northern Sichuan Basin.PetroleumExploration andDevelopment,30(6):68—71
Wang Mi-junet al.1989.Petroleum Geology of China(Vol.10)Sichuan Oil&Gas Field.Beijing:Petroleum Industry Press.28—96
Wang Xing-zhi,Zhang Fan,Ma Qing,Yang Man-ping,Wang Yi-gang,Wen Ying-chu,Yang Yu&Zhang Jing.2002.The char-acteristics of reef and bank and the fluctuation of sea-level inFeixianguan Period of Late Permian-Early Triassic,East Si-chuan Basin.Acta Sedi mentologica Sinica,20(2):249—254
Wang Xun-lian.1999.Several basic theoretical problems of the studyabout outcrop sequence stratigraphy.Science in China(SeriesD),29(1):22—30
Wang Yi-gang,Wen Ying-chu,Hong Hai-tao,Xia Mao-long,ZhangJing,Song Shu-jun&Liu Hua-yi.2006.Petroleum geologicalcharacteristics of deep water deposits in Upper Permian-LowerTriassic troughin Sichuan basin and adjacent areas.Oil&GasGeology,27(5):702—714
Wu Yin-ye&Gu Jia-yu.2002.Hydrocarbon sequence stratigraphy.Beijing:PetroleumIndustry Press.69—72
Zhou Qi,Zhuo Sheng-guang,Wei Guo-qi&Zhang Lin.2008.Se-quence stratigraphic analysis of the Lower Triassic FeixianguanFormation in northern Sichuan Basin.Journal of Stratigra-phy,32(4):406—410
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