南海北部陆缘深水区礁相碳酸盐岩的地球物理特征
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摘要
利用地震、钻井及测井资料,通过地震剖面的精细解释对南海北部陆缘深水区中新世礁相碳酸盐岩分布进行研究,并采用地球物理反演及地震属性研究方法,分析已有钻井的礁相碳酸盐岩的储层物性。结果表明:储层物性良好的礁相碳酸盐岩具有较高渗透率、高孔隙度、高波阻抗及高P波速度,同时纵向及横向上具有不均一性;储集物性较差的礁相碳酸盐岩渗透率和孔隙度都比较低,而纵向及横向均一性较好,波阻抗也相对较高;琼东南盆地深水区礁相碳酸盐岩在储层物性上接近于流花11-1(LH11-1)储层,表现为高速度、强波阻抗以及横向上的不均一性,可以作为较好的储层。
The distribution of the biohermal carbonate of Miocene in the northern margin deep water area of South China Sea was researched through accurate seismic interpretation by using the seismic,drilling and logging data.The reservoir physical properties of drilled biohermal carbonate were analyzed by geophysical inversion and extracted the seismic attribution.The results show that the favorable biohermal carbonate reservoir has high permeability,porosity,wave impedance,P-wave velocity and poor vertical and lateral homogeneity.The relatively poor biohermal carbonate reservoir has low permeability and porosity,better vertical and lateral homogeneity,and the wave impedance is higher than that of the favorable reservoir.The results of seismic inversion indicate that the reservoir physical properties of the biohermal carbonate in deep water area of Qiongdongnan Basin have similar characters with that of in LH11-1 reservoir.It shows high wave impedance,high P-wave velocity and poor lateral homogeneity,and is a good reservoir.
The distribution of the biohermal carbonate of Miocene in the northern margin deep water area of South China Sea was researched through accurate seismic interpretation by using the seismic,drilling and logging data.The reservoir physical properties of drilled biohermal carbonate were analyzed by geophysical inversion and extracted the seismic attribution.The results show that the favorable biohermal carbonate reservoir has high permeability,porosity,wave impedance,P-wave velocity and poor vertical and lateral homogeneity.The relatively poor biohermal carbonate reservoir has low permeability and porosity,better vertical and lateral homogeneity,and the wave impedance is higher than that of the favorable reservoir.The results of seismic inversion indicate that the reservoir physical properties of the biohermal carbonate in deep water area of Qiongdongnan Basin have similar characters with that of in LH11-1 reservoir.It shows high wave impedance,high P-wave velocity and poor lateral homogeneity,and is a good reservoir.
引文
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[21]魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,等.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油气勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):245-252.WEI Xi,DENG Jin-fu,XIE Wen-yan,et al.Con-straints on biogenetic reef formation during evolutionof the South China Sea and exploration potential anal-ysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):245-252.
[22]SATTLER U,ZAMPETTI V,SCHLAGER W,etal.Late Leaching under deep burial conditions:acase study from the Miocene Zhujiang Carbonate Res-ervoir,South China Sea[J].Marine and PetroleumGeology,2004,21(8):977-992.
[23]岳大力,吴胜和,林承焰,等.流花11-1油田礁灰岩油藏沉积-成岩演化模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(4):518-529.YUE Da-li,WU Sheng-he,LIN Cheng-yan,et al.Sedimentary and diagenetic evolution pattern of reeflimestone reservoirs in Liuhua 11-1 oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(4):518-529.
[2]陈国威.南海生物礁及礁油气藏形成的基本特征[J].海洋地质动态,2003,19(7):32-37.CHEN Guo-wei.Basin characteristic of formation ofthe bioherm and reef oil-gas pools in the South ChinaSea[J].Marine Geology Letters,2003,19(7):32-37.
[3]张松扬,范宜仁,李会银.基于自然伽马能谱测井的岩溶型碳酸盐岩储层层位划分与对比[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2006,30(6):35-41.ZHANG Song-yang,FAN Yi-ren,LI Hui-yin.Karstcarbonate reservoir division and contrast based on nat-ural gamma ray spectrometry logging in Tahe oilfield[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Editionof Natural Science),2006,30(6):35-41.
[4]魏喜,祝永军,尹继红,等.南海盆地生物礁形成条件及发育趋势[J].特种油气藏,2006,13(1):10-15.WEI Xi,ZHU Yong-jun,YIN Ji-hong,et al.Condi-tion and develop tendency of reef in the South ChinaSea basin[J].Special Oil and Gas Reservoirs,2006,13(1):10-15.
[5]邱燕,王英民.南海第三纪生物礁分布与古构造和古环境[J].海洋地质与第四纪,2001,21(1):65-73.QIU Yan,WANG Ying-min.Reef and paleostructure andpaleoenvironment in the South China Sea[J].Marine Geol-ogy and Quaternary Geology,2001,21(1):65-73.
[6]李磊,王英民,杨绍国,等.混合地震反演技术及其在东海南部陆架盆地中的应用[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2007,31(5):28-40.LI Lei,WANG Ying-min,YANG Shao-guo,et al.Application of hybrid seismic inversion:a case studyfrom the southern shelf basin of east China Sea[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum(Edition ofNatural Science),2007,31(5):28-40.
[7]蒲晓强,钟少军,李燕,等.南海北部陆坡NH-1孔沉积物中碳酸盐碳同位素特征及其地球化学意义[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(2):40-48.PU Xiao-qiang,ZHONG Shao-jun,LI Yan,et al.Carbon isotope characteristics of carbonate minerals insediments of Core NH-1 on the northern continentalslope of the South China Sea and their geochemical im-plications[J].Journal of China University of Petrole-um(Edition of Natural Science),2009,33(2):40-48.
[8]姚伯初,万玲,吴能友.南海新生代构造演化及岩石圈三维结构特征[J].地质通报,2005,24(1):1-8.YAO Bo-chu,WAN Ling,WU Neng-you.Cenozoictectonic evolution and the 3D structure of the litho-sphere of the South China Sea[J].Regional Geologyof China,2005,24(1):1-8.
[9]夏斌,崔学军,谢建华,等.关于南海构造演化动力学机制研究的一点思考[J].大地构造与成矿学,2004,28(3):221-227.XIA Bin,CUI Xue-jun,XIE Jian-hua,et al.Think a-bout the dtnamic mechanism study on formation and e-volution of the South China Sea[J].Geotectonica etMetallogenia,2004,28(3):221-227.
[10]张功成,米立军,吴时国,等.深水区——南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气勘探新领域[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):15-21.ZHANG Gong-cheng,MI Li-jun,WU Shi-guo,etal.Deepwater area—the new prospecting targets ofnorthern continental margin of South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):15-21.
[11]吴时国,袁圣强.世界深水油气勘探进展与我国南海深水油气前景[J].天然气地球科学,2005,16(6):693-699.WU Shi-guo,YUAN Sheng-qiang.Advance of ex-ploration and petroleum geological features of deep-water hydrocarbon in the world[J].Natural Gas Ge-oscience,2005,16(6):693-699.
[12]刘绍文,施小斌,阎贫,等,南海成因机制及北部岩石圈热-流变结构研究进展[J].海洋地质与第四纪地质,2006,26(4):117-124.LIU Shao-wen,SHI Xiao-bin,YAN Pin,et al.Re-cent advances in studies on the formation mechanismof the South China Sea and thermo-rheological struc-ture of lithosphere in its northern margin:an over-view[J].Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,2006,26(4):117-124.
[13]吴时国,喻普之.海底构造学导论[M].北京:科学出版社,2006.
[14]KUSUMASTUTI A,VAN Rensburgen P,WAR-REN J K.Seismic Sequence analyses and reservoirpotential of drowned Miocene carbonate platform si-nthe Madura Strait,EastJava,Indonesia[J].AAPG Bulletin,2002,86(2):213-232.
[15]WU S G,YUAN S Q,ZHANG G C,et al.Seismiccharacterisitics of a reef carbonate reservoir and impli-cations for hydrocarbon exploration in deepwater ofthe Qiongdongnan Basin,northern SCS[J].Marineand Petroleum Geology,2008,26(6):817-823.
[16]ERLICH R N,BARRETT S F,JU G B.Seismic andgeologic characteristics of drowning events on carbon-ate platforms[J].AAPG Bulletin,1990,74(10):1523-1537.
[17]ALISTAIR R B,Seismic attribute and their classifi-cat ion[J].The Leading Edge,1996,15(10):1090.
[18]蔡峰,许红,郝先锋,等,西沙—南海北部晚第三纪生物礁的比较沉积学研究[J].沉积学报,1996,14(4):61-69.CAI Feng,XU Hong,HAO Xian-feng,et al.Com-parative sedimentology of late Tertiary organic reefsin Xisha-Northern South China Sea[J].Acta Sed-mentologica Sinica,1996,14(4):61-69.
[19]ZAMPETTI V,SCHLAGER W.Architecture andgrowth history of a Miocene carbonate plateformfrom 3D seismic reflection data:Luconia province,offshore sarawak,Malaysia[J].Marine and Petrole-um Geology,2004,21:517-534.
[20]ROBERT Riding.Structure and composition of or-ganic reefs and carbonatr mub mounds:concepts andcategories[J].Earth-Science Reviews,2002(58):163-231.
[21]魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,等.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油气勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):245-252.WEI Xi,DENG Jin-fu,XIE Wen-yan,et al.Con-straints on biogenetic reef formation during evolutionof the South China Sea and exploration potential anal-ysis[J].Earth Science Frontiers,2005,12(3):245-252.
[22]SATTLER U,ZAMPETTI V,SCHLAGER W,etal.Late Leaching under deep burial conditions:acase study from the Miocene Zhujiang Carbonate Res-ervoir,South China Sea[J].Marine and PetroleumGeology,2004,21(8):977-992.
[23]岳大力,吴胜和,林承焰,等.流花11-1油田礁灰岩油藏沉积-成岩演化模式[J].石油与天然气地质,2005,26(4):518-529.YUE Da-li,WU Sheng-he,LIN Cheng-yan,et al.Sedimentary and diagenetic evolution pattern of reeflimestone reservoirs in Liuhua 11-1 oilfield[J].Oil&Gas Geology,2005,26(4):518-529.
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