最优化广义S变换及其在油气检测中的应用
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摘要
时频分析是直接应用地震资料进行烃类检测的重要手段之一,基于实际地震信号的非平稳特征及短时傅立叶变换、Gabor变换、小波变换等常规时频分析方法的缺点和不足,通过在S变换中引入新的参数p来调节窗函数的标准差,并结合Jones和Parks等提出的时频聚集性度量准则来选取最优的p值,得到了一种新的时频分析方法,即最优化广义S变换。合成信号试算结果表明,该方法比常规时频分析方法具有更好的时频聚集性。在实际生产,此方法的应用结果显示由它生成分频数据体对于地层的含油气性检测和识别具有比较明显的效果。
Time-frequency analysis is one of the important means for direct hydrocarbon detection with seismic data.Real seismic signals are non-stationary and shortcomings and deficiencies exist in conventional time-frequency analysis methods such as short-time Fourier transform,Gabor transform and wavelet transform.To tackle these problems,a new time-frequency analysis method-optimal generalized S-transform-is achieved by adding a new parameter "p" in S-transform to adjust the standard deviation of window function and selecting the optimal value of p according to the measurement criteria of the time-frequency aggregation proposed by Jones and Parks.Trial calculation with synthetic signals shows that this method has a better time-frequency aggregation than conventional time-frequency analysis methods.Application of this method to actual seismic data shows that the frequency-division data volume generated by this method is effective in hydrocarbon detection and identification.
Time-frequency analysis is one of the important means for direct hydrocarbon detection with seismic data.Real seismic signals are non-stationary and shortcomings and deficiencies exist in conventional time-frequency analysis methods such as short-time Fourier transform,Gabor transform and wavelet transform.To tackle these problems,a new time-frequency analysis method-optimal generalized S-transform-is achieved by adding a new parameter "p" in S-transform to adjust the standard deviation of window function and selecting the optimal value of p according to the measurement criteria of the time-frequency aggregation proposed by Jones and Parks.Trial calculation with synthetic signals shows that this method has a better time-frequency aggregation than conventional time-frequency analysis methods.Application of this method to actual seismic data shows that the frequency-division data volume generated by this method is effective in hydrocarbon detection and identification.
引文
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3Cohen L.Time-frequency analysis:Theory and application[M].Englewood Cliffs:Prentice Hall,1995,25-27
4Bracewell R N.The Fourier transform and its application[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,2000,256-260
5Gabor D.Theory of communication[J].Journal of IEEE,1946,93(3):429-457
6Chakraborty A,Okaya D.Frequenct-time decomposition of seismic data using wavelet-based methods[J].Geophysics,1995,60(6):1906-1916
7Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Pro-cessing,1996,44(4):998-1001
8Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.The S-transform with windows of arbi-trary and varying shape[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):381-385
9Mansinha L,Stockwell R G,Lowe R P.Pattern analysis with two dimensional spectral localization:Application of two-dimensional S-transform[J].Physica,1997,239(3):286-295
10Mcfaden P D,Cook J G,Forster L M.Decomposition of gear vibra-tion signals by generalized S-transform[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Process,1999,13(4):691-707
11高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭,等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526～532
12陈学华,贺振华.改进的S变换及在地震信号处理中的应用[J].数据采集与处理,2005,20(4):449～453
13Jones D L,Parks T W.A high resolution data-adaptive time-fre-quency representation[J],IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing,1990,38(12):2127-2135
14范洪军,李军,肖毓祥,等.地震分频技术在扇三角洲演化过程中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(5):682～686
2盛秋红,肖兰雄.频谱成像技术在采穴构造储层预测中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2008,29(01):141～145
3Cohen L.Time-frequency analysis:Theory and application[M].Englewood Cliffs:Prentice Hall,1995,25-27
4Bracewell R N.The Fourier transform and its application[M].New York:McGraw-Hill,2000,256-260
5Gabor D.Theory of communication[J].Journal of IEEE,1946,93(3):429-457
6Chakraborty A,Okaya D.Frequenct-time decomposition of seismic data using wavelet-based methods[J].Geophysics,1995,60(6):1906-1916
7Stockwell R G,Mansinha L,Lowe R P.Localization of the complex spectrum:the S transform[J].IEEE Transactions on Signal Pro-cessing,1996,44(4):998-1001
8Pinnegar C R,Mansinha L.The S-transform with windows of arbi-trary and varying shape[J].Geophysics,2003,68(1):381-385
9Mansinha L,Stockwell R G,Lowe R P.Pattern analysis with two dimensional spectral localization:Application of two-dimensional S-transform[J].Physica,1997,239(3):286-295
10Mcfaden P D,Cook J G,Forster L M.Decomposition of gear vibra-tion signals by generalized S-transform[J].Mechanical Systems and Signal Process,1999,13(4):691-707
11高静怀,陈文超,李幼铭,等.广义S变换与薄互层地震响应分析[J].地球物理学报,2003,46(4):526～532
12陈学华,贺振华.改进的S变换及在地震信号处理中的应用[J].数据采集与处理,2005,20(4):449～453
13Jones D L,Parks T W.A high resolution data-adaptive time-fre-quency representation[J],IEEE Transactions on Acoustics,Speech and Signal Processing,1990,38(12):2127-2135
14范洪军,李军,肖毓祥,等.地震分频技术在扇三角洲演化过程中的应用[J].石油与天然气地质,2007,28(5):682～686
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