塔南断陷陡坡带南屯组岩性油藏形成与分布的主控因素
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摘要
基于地震、钻井、录井、测井及分析化验等资料,对塔木察格盆地塔南凹陷陡坡带南屯组岩性油藏形成与分布的主控因素分析表明,塔南凹陷主裂陷幕发育的南屯组湖进体系域优质烃源岩控制了岩性油气藏的发育层段,烃源岩之下发育的低位体系域砂岩及与烃源岩同期发育的湖进体系域砂体最有利于形成岩性油气藏;塔南凹陷陡坡带表现出了明显的"沟谷控源、断坡控砂"的成盆特点,即同沉积断裂体系活动过程中形成的多方向沟谷控制了沉积物源和扇体走向,而不同类型同沉积断裂组合形成的断裂坡折系统控制了扇体的展布和砂体的分布;陡坡带发育的近岸水下扇扇中亚相为最利于油气储集的亚相相带,最有利于油气储集的微相类型是辫状沟道;储层中含有的凝灰质成分有利于次生孔隙的发育,有效地改善了储层砂岩的储集能力。
On the basis of seismic,drilling,logging and lab analysis data of the Tanan Sag,Tamsag Basin,analyses of main controlling factors of the formation and distribution of Nantun Formation lithologic reservoirs in its abrupt slope zone indicated that premium source rocks of the Nantun Formation developed in the TST during the primary rifting phase controlled oil-bearing intervals of lithologic reservoirs that were readily formed both in LST sandstones developed beneath the source rock and in TST sandstones developed synchronously with the source rock.The abrupt slope zone of the Tanan Sag obviously showed a character of "a sedimentary source controlled by cleughs" and "a sand distribution controlled by ramps",namely multi-orientation cleughs formed during activities of the synsedimentary fault system dominated the source of sediments as well as the strike of fans,while the ramp system formed by the combination of various synsedimentary faults controlled the spreading pattern of fans as well as the distribution of sand bodies.The combination was characterized by comb-like and parallel scattering structures on a plane and fault-cliff and fault-terrace structures in a profile.The mid-fan sub-facies of nearshore subaqueous fans showed a good reservoir potential and sandstones in sedimentary microfacies of braided channels were the most advantageous to oil accumulations.Secondary pores formed by dissolution of tuffaceous components in reservoir rocks could effectively improve the storage of reservoir sandstones.
On the basis of seismic,drilling,logging and lab analysis data of the Tanan Sag,Tamsag Basin,analyses of main controlling factors of the formation and distribution of Nantun Formation lithologic reservoirs in its abrupt slope zone indicated that premium source rocks of the Nantun Formation developed in the TST during the primary rifting phase controlled oil-bearing intervals of lithologic reservoirs that were readily formed both in LST sandstones developed beneath the source rock and in TST sandstones developed synchronously with the source rock.The abrupt slope zone of the Tanan Sag obviously showed a character of "a sedimentary source controlled by cleughs" and "a sand distribution controlled by ramps",namely multi-orientation cleughs formed during activities of the synsedimentary fault system dominated the source of sediments as well as the strike of fans,while the ramp system formed by the combination of various synsedimentary faults controlled the spreading pattern of fans as well as the distribution of sand bodies.The combination was characterized by comb-like and parallel scattering structures on a plane and fault-cliff and fault-terrace structures in a profile.The mid-fan sub-facies of nearshore subaqueous fans showed a good reservoir potential and sandstones in sedimentary microfacies of braided channels were the most advantageous to oil accumulations.Secondary pores formed by dissolution of tuffaceous components in reservoir rocks could effectively improve the storage of reservoir sandstones.
引文
①张革,杨步增,张亚金,等.塔南凹陷油气成藏规律及勘探目标优选.大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,2008.
①张革,杨步增,张亚金,等.塔南凹陷油气成藏规律及勘探目标优选.大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,2008.
②汪振英,张帆,李敏,等.海拉尔—塔木察格盆地油气地球化学特征及资源潜力研究.大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,2008.
①刘立,曲希玉,汪成辞,等.塔木察格探区塔南凹陷储层特征与分布预测研究.大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,2008.
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①刘立,曲希玉,汪成辞,等.塔木察格探区塔南凹陷储层特征与分布预测研究.大庆油田有限责任公司勘探开发研究院,2008.
[1]李建忠,赵文智,胡素云,等.岩性地层型油气聚集区带的基本特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(1):14-20.Li Jianzhong,Zhao Wenzhi,Hu Suyun,et al.Principal features ofstratigraphic-lithologic hydrocarbon accumulation zone[J].ActaPetrolei Sinica,2007,28(1):14-20.
[2]贾承造,池英柳.中国岩性地层油气藏资源潜力与勘探技术:隐蔽油气藏形成机理与勘探实践[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2004.Jia Chengzao,Chi Yingliu.Resource potential and explorationtechniques of stratigraphic and subtle reservoirsin China:Forma-tion mechanismand exploration practice of subtle pool[M].Bei-jing:PetroleumIndustry Press,2004.
[3]熊翥.地层岩性油气藏勘探[J].岩性油气藏,2008,20(4):1-8.Xiong Zhu.Exploration of stratigraphic-lithologic reservoirs[J].Lithologic Reservoirs,2008,20(4):1-8.
[4]孔凡仙.东营凹陷北部陡坡带砂砾岩体的勘探[J].石油地球物理勘探,2000,35(5):669-676.Kong Fanxian.Prospecting for sand-gravel body in northernsteep slope of Dongying Depression[J].Oil Geophysical Prospec-ting,2000,35(5):669-676.
[5]王志刚.东营凹陷北部陡坡带构造岩相带油气成藏模式[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(4):10-12.Wang Zhigang.Pooling model of steep slop structure and lithol-ogical zone in north Dongying Sag[J].Petroleum Explorationand Development,2003,30(4):10-12.
[6]高晓辉,方杰,张静,等.二连盆地下白垩统岩性地层油藏构造控制因素[J].石油学报,2008,29(5):663-669.Gao Xiaohui,Fang Jie,Zhang Jing,et al.Control factors forstructure of stratigraphic and lithologic reservoirs in the LowerCretaceous of Erlian Basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(5):663-669.
[7]陈业全,陈发亮,杨小波.东濮断陷湖盆兰聊陡坡带扇体形成机制及成藏规律研究[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(2):348-357.Chen Yequan,Chen Faliang,Yang Xiaobo.Research onthe originof the deposit fans and their reservoir formationin Lanliao steepslope zone of Dongpu Depression[J].Progress in Geophysics,2004,19(2):348-357.
[8]罗群,白新华.断裂控烃理论与实践——断裂活动与油气聚集研究[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1998:1-12.Luo Qun,Bai Xinhua.Theory and application of fault control onhydrocarbon:Study on the fault activities and oil and gas accu-mulation[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1998:1-12.
[9]何登发.断裂—岩性体油气藏特征[J].石油学报,2007,28(2):22-29.He Dengfa.Features of oil-gas reservoir generated by fault-li-thological body[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2007,28(2):22-29.
[10]冯有良.断陷盆地层序格架中岩性地层油气藏分布特征[J].石油学报,2005,26(4):17-23.Feng Youliang.Distribution of stratigraphic and lithological res-ervoirs in sequence framework of rift-subsidence basin[J].ActaPetrolei Sinica,2005,26(4):17-23.
[11]冯有良.断陷湖盆沟谷及构造坡折对砂体的控制作用[J].石油学报,2006,27(1):13-17.Feng Youliang.Control of valley andtectonic slope-breakzone onsand bodies in rift-subsidence basin[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2006,27(1):13-17.
[12]林畅松,潘元林,肖建新,等.“构造坡折带”—断陷湖盆层序和油气预测的重要概念[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2000,25(3):260-267.Lin Changsong,Pan Yuanlin,Xiao Jianxin,et al.Structural slope-break zone:Key concept for stratigraphic sequence analysis andpetroleumforecastingin fault subsidence basins[J].Earth Sci-ence:Journal of China University of Geosciences,2000,25(3):260-267.
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