南海复蘑菇状地幔低速柱结构及其地幔动力学
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摘要
运用高分辨率天然地震面波层析成像和体波层析成像技术,研究东亚西太平洋地区及全球地幔三维速度结构时发现南海地区地幔存在深达2000km以上的巨型复蘑菇状地幔低速柱,结合地质、地球化学和地球物理相关标志,将复蘑菇状地幔低速柱称为南海复蘑菇状地幔柱。本文在论述南海复蘑菇状地幔柱的地质地球物理特征基础上,将地幔柱划分为柱头、柱体、柱尾、幔枝和热点等部分,建立起地幔柱三维几何结构模型,探讨了复蘑菇状地幔柱在南海海盆扩张过程中的主导作用以及欧亚板块、菲律宾海板块和印度洋板块相互作用对南海演化过程的影响。
In the study of the 3-D velocity structure in the mantle of East Asia, West Pacific Ocean and the globe using the high-resolution tomographical techniques of both natural seismic surface and body wave, the authors discovered a giant composite mushroom-shaped low-velocity mantle plume with the depth of over 2000 km, which, combined with the indicators of geology, geochemistry, and geophysics, is named the South China Sea composite mushroom-shaped mantle plume. This paper describes geological, geochemical, and geophysical features of the plume, divides it into such parts as the tail, the main body, the head, the mantle apophysis, and the basalt hot spot, develops a tentative 3-D geometric structural style for the plume, and discusses the dominant role that the plume and its derived mantle dynamics have played in the basin spreading of the South China Sea and the impact of the interaction among the Eurasian, the Philippine, and the Indian-Australian plates on the basin evolution.
In the study of the 3-D velocity structure in the mantle of East Asia, West Pacific Ocean and the globe using the high-resolution tomographical techniques of both natural seismic surface and body wave, the authors discovered a giant composite mushroom-shaped low-velocity mantle plume with the depth of over 2000 km, which, combined with the indicators of geology, geochemistry, and geophysics, is named the South China Sea composite mushroom-shaped mantle plume. This paper describes geological, geochemical, and geophysical features of the plume, divides it into such parts as the tail, the main body, the head, the mantle apophysis, and the basalt hot spot, develops a tentative 3-D geometric structural style for the plume, and discusses the dominant role that the plume and its derived mantle dynamics have played in the basin spreading of the South China Sea and the impact of the interaction among the Eurasian, the Philippine, and the Indian-Australian plates on the basin evolution.
引文
程先琼.地震层析成像与地幔对流研究.成都理工大学博士学位论文,2004:92-114.
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[1]郭令智,施央申,马瑞士.西太平洋中新生代活动大陆边缘和岛弧构造的形成和演化[J].地质学报,1983,57(1):11-21.Guo Lingzhi,Shi Yangshen,Ma Ruishi.On the formation and evolution of the Mesozoic-Cenozoic active continental margin and island arc tectonics of the Western Pacific Ocean[J].Acta Geologica Sinica,1983,57(1):11-21(in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]姚伯初,曾维军,Hayes D E,等.中美合作调研南海地质专报[M].武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1994:1-206.Yao Bochu,Zeng weijun,Hayes D E,et al.The Geological Memoir of South China Sea Surveyed Jointly by China and USA[M].Wuhan:China University of Geosciences Press,1994:1-206(in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]刘以宣.南海新构造与地壳稳定性[M].北京:科学出版社,1994:72-84,134-150.Liu Yixuan.Neotectonics and Crust Stability in the South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,1994:72-84,134-150(in Chinese).
[4]刘照蜀,赵焕庭,范时清,等.南海地质[M].北京:科学出版社,2002:494-502.Liu Zhaoshu,Zhao Huanting,Fan Shiqing,et al.Geology of SouthChina Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,2002:494-502(in Chinese).
[5]龚再升,李思田,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气成藏动力学研究[M].北京:科学出版社,2004:9-45.Gong Zaisheng,Li Sitian,et al.Study of Dynamics of Petroleum Entrapment on the Continental Marginal Basin of Northern South China Sea[M].Beijing:Science Press,2004:9-45(in Chinese).
[6]李思田,林畅松,张启明,等.南海北部大陆边缘盆地幕式裂陷的动力学过程及10Ma以来的构造事件[J].科学通报,1998,43(8):797-810.Li Sitian,Lin Changsong,Zhang Qiming,et al.The dynamic process of screen rift of continental marginal basin in the North South China Sea and the tectonic events since10Ma[J].Chinese Science Bulletin,1998,43(8):797-810.
[7]Karig D E.Origin and development of marginal basin in the Western Pacific[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1971,76:2543-2561.
[8]Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Le Dain A Y,et al.Propagating extrusion tectonics in Asia:New insights from simple experiments with plasticene[J].Geology,1982,10:611-616.
[9]Replumax A,Karason H,Van der Hilst R D,et al.4-D evolution of SE Asia’s mantle from geological reconstructions and seismic tomography[J].Earth and Planetary Science Letters,2004,221:103-115.
[10]Fukao Y,Obyashi M,Inoue H,et al.Subducting slabs stagnant in the mantle transition zone[J].Journal of Geophysical Research,1992,97(B4):4809-4822.
[11]Fukao Y,M aruyama S,Obayashi M,et al.Geologic implication of the whole mantle P-wave romography[J].J.Geol.Soc.Japan,1994,100(1):4-23.
[12]Marayama S.Plume tectonics[J].J.Geol.Soc.Japan,1994,100(1):24-49.
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