Gabor地表一致性反褶积算法研究与应用
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摘要
目前普遍应用的地表一致性反褶积可在假设地震子波平稳的条件下对地震记录在共炮点、共检波点、共偏移距和共中心点4个域进行谱分解,但没有考虑实际地下介质的衰减影响。为更真实地反映地下介质的反射特征,对地震数据做Gabor地表一致性反褶积。该方法是在时频域内对地震数据进行反褶积,能够同时消除子波激发、接收效应和地层衰减影响,并利用偏移距和共中心点信息参数化反褶积算子的Q函数组分,在炮检域及共中心点域估算震源激发、检波器接收和地层衰减效应。该方法在庐枞矿集区地震资料处理中与其他地表一致性反褶积相比,抗噪性强,具有相位调整、薄层反射增强的特点,并克服了空间上同一层波组不同时窗内频率补偿过头或不均匀现象,提高了地震信号的分辨率。
The surface-consistent deconvolution applied at present can make spectrum decomposition in common shot point(CSP),common receiver point(CRP),common offset(CO) and common midpoint(CMP) domains to seismic record on the assumption of seismic wavelet being stable,but the attenuation effects of actual underground medium are not considered.In order to truely reflect the reflection characteristics of underground medium,Gabor surface-consistent deconvolution of seismic record has been processed in time-frequency domain.This method can eliminates the effects of the wavelet excitation,acception effect and formation attenuation simultaneously.Using offset and common midpoint information,the Q function component of deconvolution operator can be parameterized,and estimates the seismic source excitation,geophone acception and formation attenuation in offset and common midpoint domain.This method applied in data processing of Luzong concentration area has strong antinoise,phase adaptation and thin-bed reflection compared with other surface-consistent deconvolutions,which overcomes the phenomena of frequency overcompensation or nonuniformity in different time-windows of the same wave group in spatial domain,and improves the resolution of seismic singal.
The surface-consistent deconvolution applied at present can make spectrum decomposition in common shot point(CSP),common receiver point(CRP),common offset(CO) and common midpoint(CMP) domains to seismic record on the assumption of seismic wavelet being stable,but the attenuation effects of actual underground medium are not considered.In order to truely reflect the reflection characteristics of underground medium,Gabor surface-consistent deconvolution of seismic record has been processed in time-frequency domain.This method can eliminates the effects of the wavelet excitation,acception effect and formation attenuation simultaneously.Using offset and common midpoint information,the Q function component of deconvolution operator can be parameterized,and estimates the seismic source excitation,geophone acception and formation attenuation in offset and common midpoint domain.This method applied in data processing of Luzong concentration area has strong antinoise,phase adaptation and thin-bed reflection compared with other surface-consistent deconvolutions,which overcomes the phenomena of frequency overcompensation or nonuniformity in different time-windows of the same wave group in spatial domain,and improves the resolution of seismic singal.
引文
[1]Taner T.Surface consistent corrections[J].Geophys-ics,1981,46(1):17-22.
[2]Peter W,Margrave G F.A Lorentz Four-component surface-consistent deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1993,58(3):382-392.
[3]李生杰,施行觉.地表一致性分解及其分量分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(2):122-128.LI Sheng-jie,SHI Xing-jue.Surface-consistent decompo-sition and its components analysis[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(2):122-128.
[4]朱红娟,唐汉平.地表一致性反褶积算法改进及应用[C]//中国煤炭学会矿井地质专业委员会2008年学术论坛文集,2008:59-63.ZHU Hong-juan,TANG Han-ping.The improvement and application of surface-consistent deconvolution method[C]//The Collection of2008Forum of Branch of Coal Mine Geology,China Coal Society,2008:59-63.
[5]于平,赵震宇.勘探地震学数据处理中的三种反褶积技术[J].世界地质,2002,21(2):181-183.YU Ping,ZHAO Zhen-yu.Three techniques of deconvo-lution in seismic data processing[J].World Geology,2002,21(2):181-183.
[6]王宇,韩立国,崔杰.VSP资料约束地层反滤波研究[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2006,36(Suppl.2):36-39.WANG Yu,HAN Li-guo,CUI Jie.A study of VSP data constrained stratigraphic deconvolution[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2006,36(Sup-pl.2):36-39.
[7]Lamoureux M P.Gabor deconvolution:etending Wiener's method to nonsta tionarity[J].The CSEG Recorder,2003,28(12):34-38.
[8]Margrave G F,Lamoureux M P.Gabor deconvolution of seismic data for sourcewaveform and Q correction[C]//The72nd Ann Internat of Expl Geophys,2002:190-219.
[9]薛玉利.基于Gabor变换的特征提取及应用:硕士学位论文[D].济南:山东大学,2007.XUE Yu-li.Gabor transform based feature extraction and its applications:master's degree thesis[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2007.
[10]Montana C A,Margrave G F.Spatial prediction filtering infractional Fourier domains[C]//SEG Int'Exposition and74th Annual Meeting,2004:123-126.
[11]Lamoureux M P.The Gabor transform,pseudo differen-tial operators and seismic deconvolution[J].Intergrat-ed Computer-Aided Engineering,2004(9):1-13.
[12]Henley D,Margrave G F.Gabor deconvolution:sur-face-consistent and iterative[J].CSPG CSEG CWLS Convention,2008,33:307-310.
[13]曹磊.基于Gabor变换的反褶积方法研究及应用:硕士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.CAO Lei.The research and application of deconvolution method based on Gabor transform:master's degree the-sis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2009.
[2]Peter W,Margrave G F.A Lorentz Four-component surface-consistent deconvolution[J].Geophysics,1993,58(3):382-392.
[3]李生杰,施行觉.地表一致性分解及其分量分析[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(2):122-128.LI Sheng-jie,SHI Xing-jue.Surface-consistent decompo-sition and its components analysis[J].Oil Geophysical Prospecting,2002,37(2):122-128.
[4]朱红娟,唐汉平.地表一致性反褶积算法改进及应用[C]//中国煤炭学会矿井地质专业委员会2008年学术论坛文集,2008:59-63.ZHU Hong-juan,TANG Han-ping.The improvement and application of surface-consistent deconvolution method[C]//The Collection of2008Forum of Branch of Coal Mine Geology,China Coal Society,2008:59-63.
[5]于平,赵震宇.勘探地震学数据处理中的三种反褶积技术[J].世界地质,2002,21(2):181-183.YU Ping,ZHAO Zhen-yu.Three techniques of deconvo-lution in seismic data processing[J].World Geology,2002,21(2):181-183.
[6]王宇,韩立国,崔杰.VSP资料约束地层反滤波研究[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2006,36(Suppl.2):36-39.WANG Yu,HAN Li-guo,CUI Jie.A study of VSP data constrained stratigraphic deconvolution[J].Journal of Jilin University:Earth Science Edition,2006,36(Sup-pl.2):36-39.
[7]Lamoureux M P.Gabor deconvolution:etending Wiener's method to nonsta tionarity[J].The CSEG Recorder,2003,28(12):34-38.
[8]Margrave G F,Lamoureux M P.Gabor deconvolution of seismic data for sourcewaveform and Q correction[C]//The72nd Ann Internat of Expl Geophys,2002:190-219.
[9]薛玉利.基于Gabor变换的特征提取及应用:硕士学位论文[D].济南:山东大学,2007.XUE Yu-li.Gabor transform based feature extraction and its applications:master's degree thesis[D].Jinan:Shandong University,2007.
[10]Montana C A,Margrave G F.Spatial prediction filtering infractional Fourier domains[C]//SEG Int'Exposition and74th Annual Meeting,2004:123-126.
[11]Lamoureux M P.The Gabor transform,pseudo differen-tial operators and seismic deconvolution[J].Intergrat-ed Computer-Aided Engineering,2004(9):1-13.
[12]Henley D,Margrave G F.Gabor deconvolution:sur-face-consistent and iterative[J].CSPG CSEG CWLS Convention,2008,33:307-310.
[13]曹磊.基于Gabor变换的反褶积方法研究及应用:硕士学位论文[D].长春:吉林大学,2009.CAO Lei.The research and application of deconvolution method based on Gabor transform:master's degree the-sis[D].Changchun:Jilin University,2009.
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