强震记录中速度大脉冲模拟及其对反应谱的影响
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摘要
在近断层地震中,具有速度大脉冲的强震动对建筑物的影响较大。为了描述速度大脉冲,Makris和Roussos提出了由简单连续函数构成的模型,该模型参数较少、形式简单,用来描述实际地震记录中的速度脉冲大多取得较好的效果,但还是有一些记录模拟的结果会出现"丢失"现象,存在一些缺陷。针对此问题,本文提出了2个改进的方法——组合法和镜像法,用来扩展Makris和Roussos模型的适用范围,使其具有更好的适应性。
In the near-fault earthquake,strong motion records with a big velocity pulse make a greater impact on the buildings.In order to describe the big velocity pulse,Makris and Roussos made a simple model consisting of a continuous function,with less parameters and simple form.Its results were good.Makris and others used to describe many real seismic records,the simulation results of big velocity pulses are good.But we found that there were some records,in which the "missing" phenomenon occured in the simulation results.The effect was not very satisfactory.For this problem,this paper presents two improved methods,i.e.combination method and mirror image method,to expand the application scope of the Makris and Roussos model,so that it has high adaptability.
In the near-fault earthquake,strong motion records with a big velocity pulse make a greater impact on the buildings.In order to describe the big velocity pulse,Makris and Roussos made a simple model consisting of a continuous function,with less parameters and simple form.Its results were good.Makris and others used to describe many real seismic records,the simulation results of big velocity pulses are good.But we found that there were some records,in which the "missing" phenomenon occured in the simulation results.The effect was not very satisfactory.For this problem,this paper presents two improved methods,i.e.combination method and mirror image method,to expand the application scope of the Makris and Roussos model,so that it has high adaptability.
引文
[1]王国权,周锡元.台湾集集地震近断层强震地面运动加速度时程的随机特性[J].防灾减灾工程学报,2003,23(4):10-19.Wang G Q,Zhou X Y.The randomness of near faultacceleration time history of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Tai-wan,China,earthquake[J].Journal of Disaster Pre-vention and Mitigation Engineering,2003,23(4):10-19.
[2]李新乐,朱晞.近断层地震动等效速度脉冲研究[J].地震学报,2004,26(6):634-643.Li X L,Zhu X.Study on equivalent velocity pulse ofnear-fault ground motions[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2004,26(6):634-643.
[3]王海云,谢礼立.近断层地震动模拟现状[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(10):1043-1047.Wang H Y,Xie L L.A review on near-fault groundmotion simulation[J].Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(10):1043-1047.
[4]江辉,朱晞.中、美主要抗震设计规范加速度谱的近断层地震动能量检验[J].地震学报,2008,30(5):508-517.Jiang H,Zhu X.Testing the acceleration spectra giv-en by China and USA seismic codes based on energysupply in near-fault region[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2008,30(5):508-517.
[5]Iervolino I,Cornell C A.Probability of occurrence ofvelocity pulses in near-surface ground motions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2008,98(5):2262-2277.
[6]Tothong P,Cornell C A,Baker J W.Explicit Direc-tivity-pulse inclusion in probabilistic seismic hazardanalysis[J].Earthquake Spectra,2007,23(4):867-891.
[7]Ghayamghamian M R,Hisada Y.Near-fault strongmotion complexity of the 2003 Bam earthquake(Iran)and low-frequency ground motion simulation[J].Geo-physical Journal International,2007,(170):679-686.
[8]Jennings P C.Ground motin pulse and structural re-sponse[C]∥Earthquake Engineering Frontiers in theNew Millennium,Beijing:[s.n.],2001.119-125.
[9]Sasani M,Bertero V.Importance of severe pulse-typeground motion in performance-based engineering:his-torical and critical review[C]∥The 12thWorld Con-ference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,NewZealand:12WCEE,2000.1302.
[10]Makris N,Roussos Y.Rocking response and over-turning of equipment under horizontal pulse-type mo-tion[R].Berkeley:College of Engineering Universityof California,1998.1-81.
[11]Makris N,Black C J.Dimensional analysis of bilinearoscillators under pulse-type excitations[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,2004,130(9):1019-1022.
[12]Makris N,Black C.Dimensional analysis of rigid-plastic and elastoplastic structures under pulse-typeexcitations[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2004,130(9):1006-1010.
[13]Makris N,Black C J.Evaluation of peak ground ve-locity as a″good″intensity measure for near-sourceground motions[J].Journal of Engineering Mecha-nics,2004,130(9):1032-1044.
[14]Menun C,Fu Q.An analytical model for near-faultground motions and the response of SDOF systems[C]∥Seventh US National Conference on EarthquakeEngineering,Boston,Massachusetts:Mira DigitalPublishing,2002.
[2]李新乐,朱晞.近断层地震动等效速度脉冲研究[J].地震学报,2004,26(6):634-643.Li X L,Zhu X.Study on equivalent velocity pulse ofnear-fault ground motions[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2004,26(6):634-643.
[3]王海云,谢礼立.近断层地震动模拟现状[J].地球科学进展,2008,23(10):1043-1047.Wang H Y,Xie L L.A review on near-fault groundmotion simulation[J].Advances in Earth Science,2008,23(10):1043-1047.
[4]江辉,朱晞.中、美主要抗震设计规范加速度谱的近断层地震动能量检验[J].地震学报,2008,30(5):508-517.Jiang H,Zhu X.Testing the acceleration spectra giv-en by China and USA seismic codes based on energysupply in near-fault region[J].Acta SeismologicaSinica,2008,30(5):508-517.
[5]Iervolino I,Cornell C A.Probability of occurrence ofvelocity pulses in near-surface ground motions[J].Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America,2008,98(5):2262-2277.
[6]Tothong P,Cornell C A,Baker J W.Explicit Direc-tivity-pulse inclusion in probabilistic seismic hazardanalysis[J].Earthquake Spectra,2007,23(4):867-891.
[7]Ghayamghamian M R,Hisada Y.Near-fault strongmotion complexity of the 2003 Bam earthquake(Iran)and low-frequency ground motion simulation[J].Geo-physical Journal International,2007,(170):679-686.
[8]Jennings P C.Ground motin pulse and structural re-sponse[C]∥Earthquake Engineering Frontiers in theNew Millennium,Beijing:[s.n.],2001.119-125.
[9]Sasani M,Bertero V.Importance of severe pulse-typeground motion in performance-based engineering:his-torical and critical review[C]∥The 12thWorld Con-ference on Earthquake Engineering,Auckland,NewZealand:12WCEE,2000.1302.
[10]Makris N,Roussos Y.Rocking response and over-turning of equipment under horizontal pulse-type mo-tion[R].Berkeley:College of Engineering Universityof California,1998.1-81.
[11]Makris N,Black C J.Dimensional analysis of bilinearoscillators under pulse-type excitations[J].Journal ofEngineering Mechanics,2004,130(9):1019-1022.
[12]Makris N,Black C.Dimensional analysis of rigid-plastic and elastoplastic structures under pulse-typeexcitations[J].Journal of Engineering Mechanics,2004,130(9):1006-1010.
[13]Makris N,Black C J.Evaluation of peak ground ve-locity as a″good″intensity measure for near-sourceground motions[J].Journal of Engineering Mecha-nics,2004,130(9):1032-1044.
[14]Menun C,Fu Q.An analytical model for near-faultground motions and the response of SDOF systems[C]∥Seventh US National Conference on EarthquakeEngineering,Boston,Massachusetts:Mira DigitalPublishing,2002.
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