地震断层摩擦残余热异常测量方法探讨——以WFSD-1钻孔温度测量为例
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摘要
以汶川地震断裂带科学钻探工程WFSD-1钻孔高精度相对温度梯度测量确定汶川地震断层为例,探讨了地震断裂带断层摩擦残余热温度测量方法。利用WFSD-1钻孔相对温度梯度温度测量取得的科学数据进行分析,发现在400～500m、580～610 m及620～750 m三个测量段内存在温度正异常。结合地质资料综合分析,判定400～500 m、620～750 m段温度异常可能由地层热导率差异引起,并非断层摩擦残余热异常,判定位于不透水断层泥中温度异常深度580～610 m范围为断层主滑移带位置。
In WFSD-1 borehole of the Wenchuan earthquake fault scientific drilling project,we conducted relative temperature gradient high-precision measurements and obtained large numbers of field data.In this paper,the friction residual heat temperature measuring method is discussed in detail and the position of Wenchuan earthquake fault zone is detected after field datum analyzing.We found three temperature anomalies in 400~500 m,580~610 m and 620~750 m,respectively.Take geological data into comprehensive account,the two section's temperature anomalies may be caused by discrepancy of thermal conductivity in 400~500 m and 620~750 m and they aren't the residual frictional thermal anomalies.The section of the anomaly from nonpermeable fault clay in interval of 580~610 m may be resulted from friction heat generation during Wenchuan earthquake,and it located in the primary slip fault zone.
In WFSD-1 borehole of the Wenchuan earthquake fault scientific drilling project,we conducted relative temperature gradient high-precision measurements and obtained large numbers of field data.In this paper,the friction residual heat temperature measuring method is discussed in detail and the position of Wenchuan earthquake fault zone is detected after field datum analyzing.We found three temperature anomalies in 400~500 m,580~610 m and 620~750 m,respectively.Take geological data into comprehensive account,the two section's temperature anomalies may be caused by discrepancy of thermal conductivity in 400~500 m and 620~750 m and they aren't the residual frictional thermal anomalies.The section of the anomaly from nonpermeable fault clay in interval of 580~610 m may be resulted from friction heat generation during Wenchuan earthquake,and it located in the primary slip fault zone.
引文
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[16]谭成轩,孙叶,吴树仁,等.“5.12”汶川MS 8.0大地震后关于我国区域地壳稳定性评价的思考[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):142～150.TAN Cheng-xuan,Sun Ye,Wu Shu-ren,et al.A consideration on regional crustal stability assessment after MS 8.0Wenchuan strong earthquake in China[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):142～150.
[17]张永双,雷伟志,石菊松,等.四川5.12地震次生地质灾害的基本特征初析[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(2):110～116.ZHANG Yong-shuang,LEI Wei-zhi,SHI Ju-song,et al.General characteristics of 5.12 earthquake induced geo-hazards inSichuan[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(2):109～116.
[18]张永双,石菊松,孙萍,等.汶川地震内外动力耦合及灾害实例[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):131～141.ZHANG Yong-shuang,SHI Ju-shong,SUN Ping,et al.Coupling between endogenic and exogenic geological processes inthe Wenchuan earthquake and example analysis of geo-hazards[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):131～141.
[19]李海兵,王宗秀,付小方,等.2008年5月12日汶川地震(MS 8.0)地表破裂带的分布特征[J].中国地质,2008,35(5):803～813.LI Hai-bing,WANG Zong-xiu,FU Xiao-fang,et al.The surface rupture zone distribution of the Wenchuan earthquake(MS8.0)happened on May 12th,2008[J].Geology in China,2008,35(5):803～813.
[20]Brodsky E E,MA Kuo-Fong,Saffer J MM.Rapid response fault drilling:Past,present and future[J].ScientificDrilling,2009,8:66～74.
[2]Yasuyuki Kano,Jim Mori,Ryo Fujio,et al.Heat signature on the Chelungpu fault associated with the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan earthquake[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2006,33(L14306):1～4.
[3]Wallace R E.The San Andreas Fault System,California:U S Geological Survey Professional Papers[M].Washington:United States Government Printing Office,1990.
[4]d'Alessio M A,Bürgmann R.Constraints on frictional heating of faults from fission track thermochronology[EB/OL].[2010-11-26].http://seismo.berkeley.edu/annual_report/ar00_01/node20.html
[5]Yamada Ryuji,Matsuda Tatsuo,Omura Kentaro.Zircon fission-track dating of NIED Nojima fault drilling cores atHirabayashi borehole[J].The Earthquake Engineering Online Archive,2005,39(755 R46):272～273.
[6]Fukuchi T,Mizoguchi K,Shimamoto T.ESR detection of frictional heat in seismic fault slip[C]//American GeophysicalUnion.Abstracts of American Geophysical Union Fall Meeting.Washington:American Geophysical Union,2001:#T22A-0897
[7]Tani Atsushi,Omura Kentaro,Ikeda Ryuji.ESR investigation of a thermal history on Hirabayashi NIED drilling corepenetrating the Nojima Fault[J].Report of the National Research Institute for Earth Science and Disaster Prevention,2001,231～236.
[8]Tanaka H,Chen W M,Wang C Y,et al.Frictional heat from faulting of the 1999 Chi-Chi,Taiwan earthquake[J].Geophysical Research Letters,2006,33(L16316):1～5.
[9]徐世光,郭远生.地热学基础[M].北京:科学出版社,2009.XU Shi-guang,GUO Yuan-sheng.Fundamention of geothermics[M].Beijing:Science Press,2009.
[10]王连捷,崔军文,王薇,等.青海玉树MS 7.1地震发震过程的数值模拟[J].地质力学学报,2010,16(2):137～145.WANG Lian-jie,CUI Jun-wen,WANG Wei,et al.Numercal modeling of Yushu Ms7.1 earthquake mechanism[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2010,16(2):137～145.
[11]姚鑫,张永双.基于差分干涉雷达的汶川地震同震形变特点[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):151～161.YAO Xin,ZHANG Yong-shuang.Co-seismic Deformation of“5.12”Wenchuan earthquake based on D-INSAR[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):151～161.
[12]彭华,马秀敏,姜景捷.山丹地应力监测站体应变仪的地震效应[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(2):97～108.PENG Hua,MA Xiu-min,JIANG Jing-jie.Analysis of the volume strain data from the Shandan in-situ stress MonitoringStation[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(2):97～108.
[13]彭华,马秀敏,姜景捷.龙门山北端青川断层附近应力测量与断层稳定性[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):114～130.PENG Hua,MA Xiu-min,JIANG Jing-jie.Stability and stress measurement near the Qingchuan fault in the northernLongmen Mountains[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):114～130.
[14]王连捷,崔军文,周春景,等.汶川5.12地震发震机理的数值模拟[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):105～113.WANG Lian-jie,CUI Jun-wen,ZHOU Chun-jing,et al.Numerical modeling for Wenchuan earthquake mechanism[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):105～113.
[15]王连捷,周春景,孙东生,等.汶川5.12地震引起的库仑应力变化及其对周边地震活动的影响[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(3):193～200.WANG Lian-jie,ZHOU Chun-jing,SUN Dong-sheng,et al.Coulomb stress changes caused by Wenchuan earthquake andits influence on seismic activity in the adjacent area[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(3):193～200.
[16]谭成轩,孙叶,吴树仁,等.“5.12”汶川MS 8.0大地震后关于我国区域地壳稳定性评价的思考[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):142～150.TAN Cheng-xuan,Sun Ye,Wu Shu-ren,et al.A consideration on regional crustal stability assessment after MS 8.0Wenchuan strong earthquake in China[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):142～150.
[17]张永双,雷伟志,石菊松,等.四川5.12地震次生地质灾害的基本特征初析[J].地质力学学报,2008,14(2):110～116.ZHANG Yong-shuang,LEI Wei-zhi,SHI Ju-song,et al.General characteristics of 5.12 earthquake induced geo-hazards inSichuan[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2008,14(2):109～116.
[18]张永双,石菊松,孙萍,等.汶川地震内外动力耦合及灾害实例[J].地质力学学报,2009,15(2):131～141.ZHANG Yong-shuang,SHI Ju-shong,SUN Ping,et al.Coupling between endogenic and exogenic geological processes inthe Wenchuan earthquake and example analysis of geo-hazards[J].Journal of Geomechanics,2009,15(2):131～141.
[19]李海兵,王宗秀,付小方,等.2008年5月12日汶川地震(MS 8.0)地表破裂带的分布特征[J].中国地质,2008,35(5):803～813.LI Hai-bing,WANG Zong-xiu,FU Xiao-fang,et al.The surface rupture zone distribution of the Wenchuan earthquake(MS8.0)happened on May 12th,2008[J].Geology in China,2008,35(5):803～813.
[20]Brodsky E E,MA Kuo-Fong,Saffer J MM.Rapid response fault drilling:Past,present and future[J].ScientificDrilling,2009,8:66～74.
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