高精度初至自动拾取综合方法研究
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摘要
初至拾取是地震信号处理的关键环节,其精度和效率是资料处理的重要指标。针对常规地震资料,特别是浅海地震资料信噪比相对较高的情况,探讨了改进的能量比法,来确保拾取精度的前提下,实现过程的自动化。在传统能量比方法的基础上,研究了两种改进方法:利用边界检测和稳定因子解决"起跳不干脆"现象,利用多时窗识别折射波与直达波交混处的初至;利用奇异值的处理方法和可变时移量相位推算技术,解决精度和效率问题。模型和实际资料处理结果表明:综合时窗、相位、能量等多种因素,改进后的方法针对常规地震资料具有拾取准确、计算速度快、自动化程度高等优势。
The key link of seismic signal processing is first break picking,whose accuracy and efficiency constitute an important index of data processing.As in conventional seismic data,especially in shallow seismic data,the signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high,the paper discusses the improvement of the energy ratio method,i.e.,the realization of the automation of the process under the prerequisite of ensuring the accuracy.Based on the traditional energy ratio method,the authors have studied two methods which use edge detection and stability factor to solve the "multiple first arrive" phenomenon,and proposed a multiple-window energy ratio method to identify first arrival time between refraction wave and direct wave.To solve the problem of accuracy and efficiency,the authors suggest using the singular values of processing methods and variable phase shift technique.The model and actual data processing results indicate that,with the integration of energy,window and phase factors,the improved means of conventional seismic data has a better pick accuracy and automation,and the computational efficiency is rapid too.
The key link of seismic signal processing is first break picking,whose accuracy and efficiency constitute an important index of data processing.As in conventional seismic data,especially in shallow seismic data,the signal-to-noise ratio is relatively high,the paper discusses the improvement of the energy ratio method,i.e.,the realization of the automation of the process under the prerequisite of ensuring the accuracy.Based on the traditional energy ratio method,the authors have studied two methods which use edge detection and stability factor to solve the "multiple first arrive" phenomenon,and proposed a multiple-window energy ratio method to identify first arrival time between refraction wave and direct wave.To solve the problem of accuracy and efficiency,the authors suggest using the singular values of processing methods and variable phase shift technique.The model and actual data processing results indicate that,with the integration of energy,window and phase factors,the improved means of conventional seismic data has a better pick accuracy and automation,and the computational efficiency is rapid too.
引文
[1]左国平,王彦春,隋荣亮.利用能量比法拾取地震初至的一种改进方法[J].石油物探,2004,43(4).
[2]潘树林,高磊,周熙襄,等.基于单道边界检测和样条插值的初至波自动拾取[J].石油物探,2006,45(3).
[3]张伟,王海,李洪臣,等.用变换时窗统计能量比法拾取地震初至波[J].物探与化探,2009,33(2).
[4]张伟,王彦春,李洪臣,等.地震道瞬时强度比法拾取初至波[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(1).
[5]韩小俊,施泽进,李亚林.利用分形维拾取地震波初至的一种改进方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1).
[6]李辉,戴旭初,葛洪魁,等.基于互信息量的地震信号检测和初至提取方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4).
[7]牛沛琛,张建中.基于数字图像处理的地震波初至时间检测[J].计算机与现代化,2007,4.
[8]申东日,冯少辉,陈义俊.BP网络改进方法概述[J].计算机应用,2000,27(1).
[9]刘志成.初至智能拾取技术[J].石油物探,2007,46(5).
[2]潘树林,高磊,周熙襄,等.基于单道边界检测和样条插值的初至波自动拾取[J].石油物探,2006,45(3).
[3]张伟,王海,李洪臣,等.用变换时窗统计能量比法拾取地震初至波[J].物探与化探,2009,33(2).
[4]张伟,王彦春,李洪臣,等.地震道瞬时强度比法拾取初至波[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(1).
[5]韩小俊,施泽进,李亚林.利用分形维拾取地震波初至的一种改进方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2002,37(1).
[6]李辉,戴旭初,葛洪魁,等.基于互信息量的地震信号检测和初至提取方法[J].地球物理学报,2007,50(4).
[7]牛沛琛,张建中.基于数字图像处理的地震波初至时间检测[J].计算机与现代化,2007,4.
[8]申东日,冯少辉,陈义俊.BP网络改进方法概述[J].计算机应用,2000,27(1).
[9]刘志成.初至智能拾取技术[J].石油物探,2007,46(5).
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