南海西部深水区台缘结构、生物礁发育特征及控制因素分析
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摘要
生物礁是良好的油气聚集场所,其内部结构和生长环境一直是学者关注的焦点。通过对南海西部深水区南部隆起的台地结构解剖,识别出对称和不对称2种台缘结构,提炼出了断控型、断挠型及缓坡型3种台缘样式。同时通过地震剖面分析了不同台缘结构控制下的生物礁发育形态和识别特征。最后通过研究发现研究区的台缘结构及生物礁的形成主要受控于区域构造格局差异、古地貌格局、古季风和海平面升降旋回变化。
Reefs are favorable for petroleum accumulation and their inner structure and generation environment have been the study focuses of geologists.Studies of the structure of the carbonate platform margin of the southern uplift of the western deep-water region of the South China Sea have indicated that,there are 2 types of platform margin structure(symmetrical and asymmetrical) and 3 types of platform margin style(fault-controlling,faulted flexure and carbonate ramp).Based on the analyses of seismic profiles,the generation styles and features of reef controlled by different platform margin structures have been studied.The structures of carbonate platform margin and the characteristics of reef are mainly controlled by regional tectonic differences,palaeogeomorphologies,ancient monsoons and sea level changes.
Reefs are favorable for petroleum accumulation and their inner structure and generation environment have been the study focuses of geologists.Studies of the structure of the carbonate platform margin of the southern uplift of the western deep-water region of the South China Sea have indicated that,there are 2 types of platform margin structure(symmetrical and asymmetrical) and 3 types of platform margin style(fault-controlling,faulted flexure and carbonate ramp).Based on the analyses of seismic profiles,the generation styles and features of reef controlled by different platform margin structures have been studied.The structures of carbonate platform margin and the characteristics of reef are mainly controlled by regional tectonic differences,palaeogeomorphologies,ancient monsoons and sea level changes.
引文
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[15]Handford C R,Loucks R G.Carbonate depositional sequences and systems tracts;responses of carbonate platforms to rela-tive sea-level changes[J].AAPG Memoir57,1993,57:3-31.
[16]Goldhammer R K,Dunn P A,Hardie L A.High frequency glacio-eustatic sea level oscillations with Milankovitch char-acteristics recorded in Middle Triassic platform carbonates in northern Italy[J].American Journal of Science,1987,287(9):853-892.
[2]Eberli G P.Sea-level controlled architecture of Neogene car-bonate sequences along the Bahamas Transect[J].Geological Society of America,2001,33(6):99.
[3]Cruz F E,Eberli G P.Controls of the antecedent topography on Holocene carbonate shoals:Ocean Cay,western Great Ba-hama Bank[C]//2008AAPG annual convention&exhibi-tion.San Antonio:AAPG,2008.
[4]Isern A R,Anselmetti F.The influence of carbonate platform morphology and sea level on fifth-order petrophysical cyclicity in slope and basin sediments adjacent to the Great Bahama Bank[J].Marine Geology,2001,177(3-4):381-394.
[5]顾家裕,马锋,季丽丹.碳酸盐岩台地类型、特征及主控因素[J].古地理学报,2009,11(1):21-27.
[6]魏喜,邓晋福,谢文彦,等.南海盆地演化对生物礁的控制及礁油气藏勘探潜力分析[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):245-252.
[7]张永贵,宋在超,周小进,等.琼东南盆地南部中新统生物礁的识别[J].石油实验地质,2011,33(3):307-310.
[8]佟殿军,任建业,雷超,等.琼东南盆地深水区岩石圈伸展模式及其对裂后期沉降的控制[J].地球科学———中国地质大学学报,2009,34(6):963-974.
[9]Hine A C,Neumann A C.Shallow carbonate-bank-margin growth and structure,Little Bahama Bank,Bahamas[J].AAPG Bulletin,1977,61(3):376-406.
[10]Eberli G P,Ginsburg R N.Cenozoic progradation of north-western Great Bahama Bank,a record of lateral platform growth and sea-level fluctuations[J].Society of Economic Paleontologists and Mineralogists,2010,44:339-351.
[11]Steven L,Bachel,Randal D,et al.印度尼西亚东纳土纳海中新统—上新统瑟吉蒂加台地的地震地层演化:孤立碳酸盐岩台地的起源、生长和消亡[M]//Eberli G P,Jose L M.编,蔡希源,李思田,郑和荣,等译.碳酸盐岩储层和沉积体系的地震成像(AAPG论文集81).北京:地质出版社,2007:281-298.
[12]万世明,李安春,胥可辉,等.南海北部中新世以来粘土矿物特征及东亚古季风记录[J].地球科学——中国地质大学学报,2008,33(3):289-300.
[13]Kendall C G St C,Schlager W.Carbonates and relative changes in sea level[J].Marine Geology,1981,44(1-2):181-212.
[14]Sarg J F.Carbonate sequence stratigraphy and controls on carbonate platform development;case study from Permian of West Texas-New Mexico[J].AAPG Bulletin,1988,72(12):1522.
[15]Handford C R,Loucks R G.Carbonate depositional sequences and systems tracts;responses of carbonate platforms to rela-tive sea-level changes[J].AAPG Memoir57,1993,57:3-31.
[16]Goldhammer R K,Dunn P A,Hardie L A.High frequency glacio-eustatic sea level oscillations with Milankovitch char-acteristics recorded in Middle Triassic platform carbonates in northern Italy[J].American Journal of Science,1987,287(9):853-892.
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