珠江口盆地新近系层序发育影响因素分析
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摘要
在精细的层序地层格架下,通过对地震、测井等资料进行分析,探讨了构造运动、海平面升降以及沉积物供给对珠江口盆地层序发育的影响。结果表明:新近系经历了3次大的构造运动,构造运动造成盆地的整体抬升或局部抬升,形成层序边界的区域构造不整合,控制了二级层序发育的周期旋回。海平面的升降控制三级层序发育模式,在一个变化周期内,当海平面下降至坡折以下往往伴随着河流回春作用,在陆坡下形成由斜坡扇、盆底扇、低位楔组成的低位体系域;当海平面小幅度地下降至陆架坡折附近或短暂下降到坡折以下,低位期沉积则以泥质浊流沉积和滑塌体为主,斜坡扇和盆底扇不发育;当海平面未下降至陆架坡折带之下时,不发育低位体系域。沉积物供给量影响层序中准层序组类型,形成进积、退积和加积3种地层叠置方式。构造运动、海平面升降以及沉积物供给3个主控因素从不同级次影响着层序发育的过程,形成了珠江口盆地不同特征的层序样式。
The influence of tectonic movements,sea level changes and sediments supply on the development of the sequences in the Pearl River Mouth basin are discussed under the refined stratigraphic framework and combined with the analysis of seismic and logging data.The result indicates that there were 3 important tectonic movements since Neogene.They produced the whole uplift or regional uplift of the basin to form unconformity surfaces and controlled the development of the 2nd order sequences.The sea-level fluctuations dominated the models of the 3rd order sequences.During an eustatic cycle,when the sea level fell below the slope break,the lowstand system tracts including basin floor fan,slope fan and low stand wedge were accompanied with a river rejuvenation.When the sea level dropped to near the slope break in a small amplitude or below it for a short time,muddy turbidity and slump accounted for a low standing system tract,while slope fan and basin floor fan didn't exist.Another situation was that the sea leave kept above and far from the slope break,consequently there was not a low standing system tract.Sediments supply impacted the stepping pattern of subsequences,which can be divided into three types as progradation,retrogradation and aggradation.Tectonic movement,sea level change and sediments supply affected the development of the sequences in different orders,as a result,various sequence patterns formed in the study area.
The influence of tectonic movements,sea level changes and sediments supply on the development of the sequences in the Pearl River Mouth basin are discussed under the refined stratigraphic framework and combined with the analysis of seismic and logging data.The result indicates that there were 3 important tectonic movements since Neogene.They produced the whole uplift or regional uplift of the basin to form unconformity surfaces and controlled the development of the 2nd order sequences.The sea-level fluctuations dominated the models of the 3rd order sequences.During an eustatic cycle,when the sea level fell below the slope break,the lowstand system tracts including basin floor fan,slope fan and low stand wedge were accompanied with a river rejuvenation.When the sea level dropped to near the slope break in a small amplitude or below it for a short time,muddy turbidity and slump accounted for a low standing system tract,while slope fan and basin floor fan didn't exist.Another situation was that the sea leave kept above and far from the slope break,consequently there was not a low standing system tract.Sediments supply impacted the stepping pattern of subsequences,which can be divided into three types as progradation,retrogradation and aggradation.Tectonic movement,sea level change and sediments supply affected the development of the sequences in different orders,as a result,various sequence patterns formed in the study area.
引文
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[10]李前裕,郑洪波,钟广法,等.南海晚渐新世滑塌沉积指示的地质构造事件[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2005,30(1):19-24.
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[13]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[14]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
[15]庞雄,彭大钧,陈长民,等.三级“源-渠-汇”耦合研究珠江深水扇系统[J].地质学报,2007,81(6):857-864.
[2]邵磊,雷永昌,庞雄,等.珠江口盆地构造演化及对沉积环境的控制作用[J].同济大学学报:自然科学版,2005,33(9):1178-1181.
[3]施和生,李文湘,邹晓萍,等.层序地层学在珠江口盆地(东部)油田开发中的应用[J].中国海上油气,2000,14(1):15-20.
[4]董伟,林畅松,施和生,等.番禺隆起新近系层序、沉积演化与地层圈闭[J].西安石油大学学报,2009,24(4):1-12.
[5]刘曾勤,王英民,施和生,等.惠州地区珠江组下部层序划分及沉积相展布特征[J].海洋地质动态,2010,26(5):8-14.
[6]庞雄,陈长民,彭大钧,等.南海珠江深水扇系统的层序地层学研究[J].地学前缘,2007,14(1):220-229.
[7]秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期层序地层划分和海平面变化[J].中国海上油气:地质,2002,16(1):1-18.
[8]Henry W P,George P A.Siliciclastic Sequence Stra-tigraphy Concepts and Applications Henry[M].Tul-sa,Oklahoma:SEPM Special Publication,1999.
[9]邵磊,庞雄,陈长民,等.南海北部渐新世末沉积环境及物源突变事件[J].中国地质,2007,34(6):1022-1031.
[10]李前裕,郑洪波,钟广法,等.南海晚渐新世滑塌沉积指示的地质构造事件[J].地球科学:中国地质大学学报,2005,30(1):19-24.
[11]于兴河.碎屑岩系油气储层沉积学[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2008.
[12]Porebski S J.Deltas and sea-level change[J].Jour-nal of Sedimentary Research,2006,76:390-403.
[13]朱筱敏.层序地层学[M].北京:地质出版社,1999.
[14]庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
[15]庞雄,彭大钧,陈长民,等.三级“源-渠-汇”耦合研究珠江深水扇系统[J].地质学报,2007,81(6):857-864.
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