深水立体延迟激发气枪震源的设计与应用
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摘要
应用气枪震源子波模拟软件,针对海上三子阵,进行了不同气枪阵列组合情形下的震源子波模拟试算,提出了适应深水地震勘探要求的凸形和凹形立体阵列组合气枪阵列,该阵列模拟的子波具有低频能量强、频谱光滑、陷波点频谱能量相对较强的特征。同时,结合实际应用条件,提出了简单实用的上下源六子阵的立体延迟激发震源设计,实际资料采集处理的地震剖面表明,地震剖面的品质明显改进,深部地层的反射特征明显,断层和基底成像也较清晰。
We apply the soft of pressure signal simulation of air-gun array and calculate the wavelets of the different types of air-gun arrays consisting of three sub-arrays in marine in this paper.3D air-gun arrays with gibbous and concave shape are proposed to adapt to deep-water seismic exploration requirement.The wavelet simulated corresponding to this array is of not only strong primary,large P/B ratio and wide frequency band,but also strong energy at low frequency,smooth spectra and relative strong energy at the notch frequency.Meanwhile,a simple and practical over/down source composed by six sub-array of three-dimensional delayed excitation is also submitted by combined practical application conditions.The seismic profile processed to the data acquired shows that seismic quality is significantly improved,the reflection characteristics are the obvious and reflected characteristics on the deep strata are clear,the faults and floor on the deep strata are imaged better.
We apply the soft of pressure signal simulation of air-gun array and calculate the wavelets of the different types of air-gun arrays consisting of three sub-arrays in marine in this paper.3D air-gun arrays with gibbous and concave shape are proposed to adapt to deep-water seismic exploration requirement.The wavelet simulated corresponding to this array is of not only strong primary,large P/B ratio and wide frequency band,but also strong energy at low frequency,smooth spectra and relative strong energy at the notch frequency.Meanwhile,a simple and practical over/down source composed by six sub-array of three-dimensional delayed excitation is also submitted by combined practical application conditions.The seismic profile processed to the data acquired shows that seismic quality is significantly improved,the reflection characteristics are the obvious and reflected characteristics on the deep strata are clear,the faults and floor on the deep strata are imaged better.
引文
[1]Ziolkowski A.A method for calculating the outputpressure waveform from an airgun[J].Geophys.J.Roy.Astr.Soc.1970,21(2):137～161.
[2]Ziolkowski A,Johnston J.Computation of far-fieldair gun signatures from gun-mounted pressuremeasurements[M].Denver:Extented Abstracts So-ciety of Exploration Geophysicists Annual Meeting,1996.
[3]Ziolkowski A.Measurement of air-gun bubble os-cillations[J].Geophysics,1998,63(6):2009～2024.
[4]陈浩林,宁书年,熊金良,等.气枪阵列子波数值模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):363～368.
[5]杨怀春,高生军.海洋地震勘探中空气枪震源激发特征研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):323～326.
[6]李绪宣,温书亮,顾汉明,等.海上气枪阵列震源子波数值模拟研究[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):216～220.
[2]Ziolkowski A,Johnston J.Computation of far-fieldair gun signatures from gun-mounted pressuremeasurements[M].Denver:Extented Abstracts So-ciety of Exploration Geophysicists Annual Meeting,1996.
[3]Ziolkowski A.Measurement of air-gun bubble os-cillations[J].Geophysics,1998,63(6):2009～2024.
[4]陈浩林,宁书年,熊金良,等.气枪阵列子波数值模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):363～368.
[5]杨怀春,高生军.海洋地震勘探中空气枪震源激发特征研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):323～326.
[6]李绪宣,温书亮,顾汉明,等.海上气枪阵列震源子波数值模拟研究[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):216～220.
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