库车坳陷克深2气藏裂缝—孔隙型砂岩储层地质建模方法
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摘要
目前,针对低渗透或致密裂缝—孔隙型砂岩储层的地质建模多局限于定性或半定量研究,通常的做法是将裂缝当做基质渗透率的增加因素来考虑,因而无法体现裂缝发育的方向性、不均一性,也无法描述连续合理的变化趋势。为此,针对塔里木盆地库车坳陷克深2气藏储集层为低孔隙度、低渗透率裂缝—孔隙型砂岩的实际情况,提出了一套将地质、地震、测井等手段综合一体化的裂缝—孔隙型砂岩储层地质建模方法。该方法首先利用地震、测井、岩心以及野外露头数据,以区内夹层分布为切入点建立岩性模型,并进行相控参数建模;再通过构造曲率法对该区裂缝的发育区带进行预测,并用其约束裂缝参数建模,从而建立了克深2气藏裂缝性砂岩储层的三维地质模型。实际运用效果证明,该方法所建模型符合地质认识规律,可量化储层参数,适用于裂缝—孔隙型油气藏评价阶段稀井网条件下的地质建模研究。
At present,the geologic modeling of low permeability or tight fractured and porous sandstone reservoirs is qualitative or semi-quantitative in nature.Generally,the fractures are regarded as a factor of enhancing matrix permeability,thus neither their orientation,heterogeneity nor their continuous variation can be rationally integrated in the model.As the reservoirs in the Keshen-2 gas pool of the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,are fractured and porous sandstones with low permeability and low porosity,a comprehensive modeling method with geologic,seismic and logging data integrated is proposed for this type of sandstone reservoirs with dual-porosity system.First,by use of seismic,logging,core and outcrop observation data,a lithologic model is built according to the distribution of interbeds in the study area,and the facies-controlled petrophysical parameter modeling is performed.Then,the structure curvature method is used to predict the distribution of fractures,and the fracture parameters constrained are identified in modeling.Finally,a 3D geologic model is built for the sandstone reservoirs in the Keshen-2 gas pool.Results of field application show that models built with this method can reveal the real geologic conditions,quantify reservoir parameters,and will be used to evaluate the fractured and porous reservoirs with sparse well spacing.
At present,the geologic modeling of low permeability or tight fractured and porous sandstone reservoirs is qualitative or semi-quantitative in nature.Generally,the fractures are regarded as a factor of enhancing matrix permeability,thus neither their orientation,heterogeneity nor their continuous variation can be rationally integrated in the model.As the reservoirs in the Keshen-2 gas pool of the Kuqa Depression,Tarim Basin,are fractured and porous sandstones with low permeability and low porosity,a comprehensive modeling method with geologic,seismic and logging data integrated is proposed for this type of sandstone reservoirs with dual-porosity system.First,by use of seismic,logging,core and outcrop observation data,a lithologic model is built according to the distribution of interbeds in the study area,and the facies-controlled petrophysical parameter modeling is performed.Then,the structure curvature method is used to predict the distribution of fractures,and the fracture parameters constrained are identified in modeling.Finally,a 3D geologic model is built for the sandstone reservoirs in the Keshen-2 gas pool.Results of field application show that models built with this method can reveal the real geologic conditions,quantify reservoir parameters,and will be used to evaluate the fractured and porous reservoirs with sparse well spacing.
引文
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[3]邵长金,李志航,汪小宇,等.低渗透气藏相对渗透率影响因素的孔隙网络模型[J].天然气工业,2010,30(7):36-38.
[4]徐振平,李勇,马玉杰,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中部构造单元划分新方案与天然气勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2011,31(3):31-36.
[5]周新桂,张林炎,范昆.油气盆地低渗透储层裂缝预测研究现状及进展[J].地质论评,2006,52(6):6-11.
[6]张景和,孙宗颀.地应力、裂缝测试技术在石油勘探开发中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:38-123.
[7]李志勇,曾佐勋,罗文强.褶皱构造的曲率分析及其裂缝估算——以江汉盆地王场褶皱为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2004,34(4):517-521.
[8]李志勇,曾佐勋,罗文强.裂缝预测主曲率法的新探索[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(6):83-85.
[9]曾锦光,罗元华,陈太源.应用构造面主曲率研究油气藏裂缝问题[J].力学学报,1982(2):202-206.
[10]马如辉.致密砂岩储层的裂缝预测[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):36-37.
[2]贾爱林.中国储层地质模型20年[J].石油学报,2011,32(1):181-188.
[3]邵长金,李志航,汪小宇,等.低渗透气藏相对渗透率影响因素的孔隙网络模型[J].天然气工业,2010,30(7):36-38.
[4]徐振平,李勇,马玉杰,等.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中部构造单元划分新方案与天然气勘探方向[J].天然气工业,2011,31(3):31-36.
[5]周新桂,张林炎,范昆.油气盆地低渗透储层裂缝预测研究现状及进展[J].地质论评,2006,52(6):6-11.
[6]张景和,孙宗颀.地应力、裂缝测试技术在石油勘探开发中的应用[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2001:38-123.
[7]李志勇,曾佐勋,罗文强.褶皱构造的曲率分析及其裂缝估算——以江汉盆地王场褶皱为例[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2004,34(4):517-521.
[8]李志勇,曾佐勋,罗文强.裂缝预测主曲率法的新探索[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(6):83-85.
[9]曾锦光,罗元华,陈太源.应用构造面主曲率研究油气藏裂缝问题[J].力学学报,1982(2):202-206.
[10]马如辉.致密砂岩储层的裂缝预测[J].天然气工业,2005,25(10):36-37.
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