各向异性弹性波动方程多分量联合叠后逆时偏移
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摘要
为了更好地描述地下介质的各向异性特性,实现准确的波场成像,开展了各向异性介质逆时偏移研究。采用高阶交错网格有限差分法推导出各向异性弹性波动方程叠后逆时深度偏移方程,证明各向异性介质向各向同性介质转化的条件,并研究Thom son参数对弹性波场的影响,合成了各向同性介质和各向异性介质多分量零偏移距剖面,实现了多分量模拟记录联合叠后逆时偏移。计算结果表明,能够准确地实现多分量波场叠后逆时成像,使地质层位中的断层、断点等目标成像清晰准确,且偏移成像精度较高,因此各向异性逆时偏移法是一种高精度的深度域偏移成像方法,可以指导实际天然地震资料和人工地震资料的数据处理。
In order to depict the anisotropy identity of the underground medium to accomplish better elastic image more correctly,the study on anisotropic medium reverse-time migration was carried out.The paper applied high-order staggered-grid finite difference algorithm to obtain the equations of anisotropic elastic wave equation reverse-time depth migration,proved the transformation condition from anisotropic medium to isotropic medium,studied the Thomson parameters on anisotropic medium elastic wave field,composed anisotropic medium and isotropic medium multi-components zero-offset sections and achieved multi-components combined post-stack reverse-time depth migration.The numerical results show that the method can achieve correct image of the multi-component elastic wave,especially the targets in complex geologic position such as the faults,fault points and so on,thus,the method can be a high-precision depth domain imaging method and can instruct the processing of native seismic data and man-made seismic data.
In order to depict the anisotropy identity of the underground medium to accomplish better elastic image more correctly,the study on anisotropic medium reverse-time migration was carried out.The paper applied high-order staggered-grid finite difference algorithm to obtain the equations of anisotropic elastic wave equation reverse-time depth migration,proved the transformation condition from anisotropic medium to isotropic medium,studied the Thomson parameters on anisotropic medium elastic wave field,composed anisotropic medium and isotropic medium multi-components zero-offset sections and achieved multi-components combined post-stack reverse-time depth migration.The numerical results show that the method can achieve correct image of the multi-component elastic wave,especially the targets in complex geologic position such as the faults,fault points and so on,thus,the method can be a high-precision depth domain imaging method and can instruct the processing of native seismic data and man-made seismic data.
引文
[1]张秉铭.各向异性介质中弹性波数值模拟与偏移研究[D].北京:中国科学院地球物理研究所,1997.
[2]陈可洋,刘洪林,杨微,等.随机介质模型的改进方法及应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(5):124-126.
[3]陈可洋.三维随机建模方法及其波场模拟分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(5):315-320.
[4]Thomsen L.Weak elastic anisotropy[J].Geophysics,1986,51(10):1 954-1 966.
[5]Alkhalifah T.Gaussian beam depth migration for anisotropic media[J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1 474-1 484.
[6]Verstrum R W,Lawten D C,Schmid R.Imaging structures belowdipping TI media[J].Geophysics,1999,64(4):1 239-1 246.
[7]陈可洋.基于高阶有限差分的波动方程叠前逆时偏移方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(5):475-478.
[8]陈可洋,杨微,吴清岭,等.几种地震波叠后深度偏移方法的比较[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(4):257-260.
[9]滕吉文,张中杰,杨顶辉.各向异性介质中三分量弹性波场叠前偏移[C]//中国地球物理学会.中国地球物理学会年刊(1994).北京:地震出版社,1994:160.
[10]张秉铭,董敏煜,李承楚,等.各向异性介质中弹性波多分量联合逆时深度偏移[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,31(1):67-75.
[11]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波有限元叠前逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):711-719.
[12]李万万,裴正林.井间地震弹性波传播特征数值模拟[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):207-211.
[13]宁刚,熊章强,陈持逊.波动方程有限差分正演模拟误差来源分析[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):203-206.
[14]陈可洋.标量声波波动方程高阶交错网格有限差分法[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):232-236.
[15]陈可洋.声波完全匹配层吸收边界条件的改进算法[J].石油物探,2009,48(1):76-79.
[16]董良国,马在田,曹景忠.一阶弹性波方程交错网格高阶差分解法稳定性研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(6):856-864.
[2]陈可洋,刘洪林,杨微,等.随机介质模型的改进方法及应用[J].大庆石油地质与开发,2008,27(5):124-126.
[3]陈可洋.三维随机建模方法及其波场模拟分析[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(5):315-320.
[4]Thomsen L.Weak elastic anisotropy[J].Geophysics,1986,51(10):1 954-1 966.
[5]Alkhalifah T.Gaussian beam depth migration for anisotropic media[J].Geophysics,1995,60(5):1 474-1 484.
[6]Verstrum R W,Lawten D C,Schmid R.Imaging structures belowdipping TI media[J].Geophysics,1999,64(4):1 239-1 246.
[7]陈可洋.基于高阶有限差分的波动方程叠前逆时偏移方法[J].石油物探,2009,48(5):475-478.
[8]陈可洋,杨微,吴清岭,等.几种地震波叠后深度偏移方法的比较[J].勘探地球物理进展,2009,32(4):257-260.
[9]滕吉文,张中杰,杨顶辉.各向异性介质中三分量弹性波场叠前偏移[C]//中国地球物理学会.中国地球物理学会年刊(1994).北京:地震出版社,1994:160.
[10]张秉铭,董敏煜,李承楚,等.各向异性介质中弹性波多分量联合逆时深度偏移[J].长春科技大学学报,2000,31(1):67-75.
[11]张美根,王妙月.各向异性弹性波有限元叠前逆时偏移[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(5):711-719.
[12]李万万,裴正林.井间地震弹性波传播特征数值模拟[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):207-211.
[13]宁刚,熊章强,陈持逊.波动方程有限差分正演模拟误差来源分析[J].物探与化探,2008,32(2):203-206.
[14]陈可洋.标量声波波动方程高阶交错网格有限差分法[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):232-236.
[15]陈可洋.声波完全匹配层吸收边界条件的改进算法[J].石油物探,2009,48(1):76-79.
[16]董良国,马在田,曹景忠.一阶弹性波方程交错网格高阶差分解法稳定性研究[J].地球物理学报,2000,43(6):856-864.
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