基于散射理论的外源干扰压制法研究
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摘要
外源干扰在地震道集上表现为符合时距双曲线规律的倒抛物线形状,与震源信号在频谱域内几乎完全重叠,且在其它特征方面无显著差异,因此,常规的噪音压制法无论在时间域或是在频率内都无法实现.本文提出的基于散射理论的外源干扰压制法,是运用观测系统计算和特定点信息,通过外源定位原理,求出外源干扰的位置,通过散射理论模拟任意位置的地震外源干扰信息,运用匹配相减法在地震记录上进行压制.通过在冀东油田新探区浅海地震资料处理中的应用,获取高保真和高信噪比的地震资料,证实该方法的准确可靠性.
The outsource perturbation has the shape of inverted time-distance hyperbolic law,their frequency spectrum is almost entirely overlap with which of seismic signal and is almost Consistent in other characteristics. Therefore,we can not use usual technologies to suppress the noise in time domain or frequency domain.Here,we introduce a new technology based on scattering theory,and compute the outsource position by its outsource positioning principle with observation systems and specific point information calculated.Then we simulate the signal of outsource perturbation by the scattering theory at any points and apply the matched subtraction to suppress the noise in the seismic data.The method is applied in the shallow seismic data processing of Jidong oilfield new exploration area and the high signal -noise ratio and.high-fidelity seismic data is obtained,which confirm that the method has high accuracy and reliability.
The outsource perturbation has the shape of inverted time-distance hyperbolic law,their frequency spectrum is almost entirely overlap with which of seismic signal and is almost Consistent in other characteristics. Therefore,we can not use usual technologies to suppress the noise in time domain or frequency domain.Here,we introduce a new technology based on scattering theory,and compute the outsource position by its outsource positioning principle with observation systems and specific point information calculated.Then we simulate the signal of outsource perturbation by the scattering theory at any points and apply the matched subtraction to suppress the noise in the seismic data.The method is applied in the shallow seismic data processing of Jidong oilfield new exploration area and the high signal -noise ratio and.high-fidelity seismic data is obtained,which confirm that the method has high accuracy and reliability.
引文
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[13]刘喜武,高伟,张宁,刘婉莹.基于带状混合矩阵ICA实现地震盲反褶积[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1153-n63. Liu X W,Gao W,Zhang N,Liu W Y.ICA with banded mixing matrix based seis-mic blind deconvolution[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(4):1153-1163.
[14]吴庆举,李永华,张瑞青,张乃铃.用多道反褶积方法测定台站接收函数.地球物理学报,2007,50(3):791-796. Wu Q J,Li Y H,Zhang R Q,Zhang N L.Receiver function estimated by multi-channel deconvolution.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3):791-796.
[15]Wu R S.Wide angle elastic wave one- way propaga-tion in heterogeneous media and an elastic wave complex-screen method[J].J Geophys Res,1994(4):751-716.
[16]Wu R S.The perturbation method in elastic scatter-ing[J]. Pure app.Geophys,1989 131(4):605-637.
[17]贾豫葛,李小凡,等.地震波散射研究的若干重要进[J].地球物理学进展,2005(24):939-944. Jia Y G,Li X F,et al.Some important progress in research upon seismic wave scaterring[J],Progress in Geophysics, 2005(24):939-944.
[18]Li Xiaofan.Scattering of seismic waves in Arbitrarily heterogeneous and acoustic media:A general Solution and simulations[J]. Geophs Res Letts,2001,28(15):3003-3006.
[19]Taylor M.Micro-local analysis in spectral and Scat-ering theory and index theory[A].Proc of ICM 90 Kyoto,JMS[C]. 1991,1225-1234.
[20]Knopoff L,Hudson J A.Scattering of elastic waves by small in homogeneities[J].J Acoust Sco Am,1964(36):338-343.
[21]Hudson J A,Heritage J R.The Use of the Born Appr-oximation in seismic scattering Problems[J].Geophys J R astr SOc,1981 (66):221-240.
[22]尹军杰,王伟,王赟,叶树刚.地震散射波模拟成像方法在铜陵某矿区的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(4):1367- 1376. Yin J J,Wang W,Wang B,et al.A case study:the numerical simulation and imaging of seismic scattered waves applied to the Tongling ore field.Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(4): 1367-1376.
[23]Wu R S.Wide-angle elastic wave one-way propagate-on in heterogeneous media and an elastic wave comp-lex-screen method[J].J.Geophysics.Res.1994(99):751-766.
[24]Gubernatis J E,et al.The Born approximation in the theory of the scattering of elastic waves by flaws.Appi.Phys.1977 (48):2812-2819.
[25]万欢、但志伟、冯全雄.海上地震勘探外源干扰快速压制方法[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(2):11-14. Wan H,Dan Z W,Feng Q X.Outsource perturbation Suppression in Offshore Seismic Explora-tion[J].Chinese journal of Engineering Geophysics,2010,7(2):11-14.
[2]Lokshtanov D.Fast 3D Wave-Equation Prediction of Mutiple: 67th Meeting,EAGE,Expanded Abstracts,2005:A029.
[3]Wiggins W.Attenuation of complex water-bottom mu-ltiples by wave-equation prediction and subtraction[J].Geophysics, 1988(53):1527-1539.
[4]Moore I,Kostov R.Stable,Efficient,Highreso-lution Radon Transforms:64th Meeting,EAGE,Edge,2002(24):270 - 284.
[5]牛滨华,孙春岩,张中杰,等.多项式Radon变换[J].地球物理学报,2001,44(2):263-27l. Nin B H,Sun C Y,Zhang Z J,et al.Polynomial radon transform[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2001,44(2 ): 263-271.
[6]刘喜武,刘洪,李幼铭.高分辨率Radon变换方法及其在地震信号处理中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2004,19(1):8-15. Liu X W,Liu H,Li Y M.High resolution radon transform and its application in seismic signal processing[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2004,19(1 ):8- 15.
[7]王维红,刘洪.抛物Radon变换法近偏移距波场外推[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):289-293. Wang W H,Iiu H.Near offset wavefield extrapolation based on parabolic Radon transform[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2005,20(2):289 - 293.
[8]Lokshtanov D.Suppression of water-layer multiple-from deconvolution to wave-equation approach:70th Annual International Meeting,SEG,Expand Abstracts,2000:1981- 1984.
[9]张剑.子波反褶积在塔河油田联片三维地震资料解释中的应用[J].石油物探,2001,40(2):98-101. Zhang J.Application of the wavelet deconvolu-tion in 3-D seismic interpretation in Ta-he oil field[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Petroleum,2001,40(2):98 - 101.
[10]郭树祥,李建明,毕立飞,等.频率域地表一致性反褶积方法及应用效果分析[J].石油物探,2003,42(1):97-101. Guo S X,Li J M,Bi L F,et al.Frequency domain surface-consistent deconvolution and its application[J].Geophysical Prospecting for Pet role-um,2001,40(2):98 - 101.
[11]意晓宇,刘洪,李幼铭.预条件共轭梯度反褶积的改进及其应用[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1192-1197. Xi X Y,Liu H,Li Y M.The impro-vement and application of preconditional conjugate gradient deconvolutions[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(4):1192-1197.
[12]王西文,胡自多,田彦灿,等.地震子波处理的二步法反褶积方法研究[J].地球物理学进展,2006,21(4):1167-1179. Wang X W,Hu Z D,Tian Y C,et al.Study of seismic wavelet processing method in two step deccnvolution[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese ),2006,21(4 ):1167 - 1179.
[13]刘喜武,高伟,张宁,刘婉莹.基于带状混合矩阵ICA实现地震盲反褶积[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1153-n63. Liu X W,Gao W,Zhang N,Liu W Y.ICA with banded mixing matrix based seis-mic blind deconvolution[J].Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(4):1153-1163.
[14]吴庆举,李永华,张瑞青,张乃铃.用多道反褶积方法测定台站接收函数.地球物理学报,2007,50(3):791-796. Wu Q J,Li Y H,Zhang R Q,Zhang N L.Receiver function estimated by multi-channel deconvolution.Chinese J. Geophys.(in Chinese),2007,50(3):791-796.
[15]Wu R S.Wide angle elastic wave one- way propaga-tion in heterogeneous media and an elastic wave complex-screen method[J].J Geophys Res,1994(4):751-716.
[16]Wu R S.The perturbation method in elastic scatter-ing[J]. Pure app.Geophys,1989 131(4):605-637.
[17]贾豫葛,李小凡,等.地震波散射研究的若干重要进[J].地球物理学进展,2005(24):939-944. Jia Y G,Li X F,et al.Some important progress in research upon seismic wave scaterring[J],Progress in Geophysics, 2005(24):939-944.
[18]Li Xiaofan.Scattering of seismic waves in Arbitrarily heterogeneous and acoustic media:A general Solution and simulations[J]. Geophs Res Letts,2001,28(15):3003-3006.
[19]Taylor M.Micro-local analysis in spectral and Scat-ering theory and index theory[A].Proc of ICM 90 Kyoto,JMS[C]. 1991,1225-1234.
[20]Knopoff L,Hudson J A.Scattering of elastic waves by small in homogeneities[J].J Acoust Sco Am,1964(36):338-343.
[21]Hudson J A,Heritage J R.The Use of the Born Appr-oximation in seismic scattering Problems[J].Geophys J R astr SOc,1981 (66):221-240.
[22]尹军杰,王伟,王赟,叶树刚.地震散射波模拟成像方法在铜陵某矿区的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2009,24(4):1367- 1376. Yin J J,Wang W,Wang B,et al.A case study:the numerical simulation and imaging of seismic scattered waves applied to the Tongling ore field.Progress in Geophysics,2009,24(4): 1367-1376.
[23]Wu R S.Wide-angle elastic wave one-way propagate-on in heterogeneous media and an elastic wave comp-lex-screen method[J].J.Geophysics.Res.1994(99):751-766.
[24]Gubernatis J E,et al.The Born approximation in the theory of the scattering of elastic waves by flaws.Appi.Phys.1977 (48):2812-2819.
[25]万欢、但志伟、冯全雄.海上地震勘探外源干扰快速压制方法[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(2):11-14. Wan H,Dan Z W,Feng Q X.Outsource perturbation Suppression in Offshore Seismic Explora-tion[J].Chinese journal of Engineering Geophysics,2010,7(2):11-14.
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