四川盆地长兴组—飞仙关组礁、滩分布的控制因素及有利勘探区带
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摘要
四川盆地二、三叠系长兴组—飞仙关组礁、滩气藏勘探的不断突破需要更进一步弄清其礁、滩体分布及其控制因素。为此,在对比分析各种过井资料及三维地震资料的基础上,研究了晚二叠世区域古地貌格局、拉张作用、长兴组—飞仙关组体系域等对开江—梁平海槽形态和礁、滩分布、发育的影响。结论认为:①晚二叠世末,四川盆地呈"三隆三凹"的古地貌格局,其对礁滩的分布起到了重要的控制作用;②拉张作用的不均衡性使得环开江—梁平海槽台缘斜坡带坡度陡缓存在差异,这一差异影响着礁滩发育的早晚和连续性;③层序演化结果表明龙潭期以海侵体系域为主,长兴组中后期为高水位体系域,体系域的变迁使得近台缘地区可能发育多期礁体。此外,还对台缘地区微古地貌的刻画方法进行了探讨,认为台缘生物礁的分布形态可以是沿台地边缘弯曲展布的串珠状礁体,也可能是与海槽斜交的斜列式分布的礁体。最后根据研究结果,划分出了有利勘探区带。
Breakthroughs in gas exploration of reef-bank reservoirs in the Permian-Triassic Changxing-Feixianguan formations,Sichuan Basin,make it necessary to delineate the distribution of reef-banks and their controlling factors.Based on the comparative analysis of various well data and 3D seismic sections,the impact of various factors is studied on the geometry of the Kaijiang-Liangping trough and the distribution of reef-banks,such as the Late Permian regional palaeogeomorphologic framework,tectonic extension,system tracts of the Changxing-Feixianguan formations.The following conclusions were drawn.(1) At the end of Late Permian,the palaeogeomorphologic framework of the Sichuan Basin was "three depressions separated by three uplifts" which played a key role in controlling the distribution of reef-banks.(2) The unevenness of extension caused the differences in the angles of slope on platform margin around the Kaijiang-Liangping trough,which determined the time of reef-bank development and their continuity.(3) The evolution of sequences reveals that transgressive systems tract(TST) deposits dominated the Longtan period and highstand system tract(HST) deposits dominated the mid-late Changxing period.(4) The change of system tracts made it possible to develop multistage reefs near the platform margin.In addition,the methods are studied for characterizing the micro-palaeogeomorphology on the platform margin.It is believed that the bioherms on the platform margin can occur as beaded reefs in curved distribution along the platform margin,or occur as echelon reefs oblique to the trough.Play fairways were identified based on the study results.Oolitic beach reservoirs may occur on the transgressive slope margin in the Kaijiang-Liangping trough,while the oolitic beach on the aggradational platform margin of the Feixianguan Formation is the most favorable play fairway.
Breakthroughs in gas exploration of reef-bank reservoirs in the Permian-Triassic Changxing-Feixianguan formations,Sichuan Basin,make it necessary to delineate the distribution of reef-banks and their controlling factors.Based on the comparative analysis of various well data and 3D seismic sections,the impact of various factors is studied on the geometry of the Kaijiang-Liangping trough and the distribution of reef-banks,such as the Late Permian regional palaeogeomorphologic framework,tectonic extension,system tracts of the Changxing-Feixianguan formations.The following conclusions were drawn.(1) At the end of Late Permian,the palaeogeomorphologic framework of the Sichuan Basin was "three depressions separated by three uplifts" which played a key role in controlling the distribution of reef-banks.(2) The unevenness of extension caused the differences in the angles of slope on platform margin around the Kaijiang-Liangping trough,which determined the time of reef-bank development and their continuity.(3) The evolution of sequences reveals that transgressive systems tract(TST) deposits dominated the Longtan period and highstand system tract(HST) deposits dominated the mid-late Changxing period.(4) The change of system tracts made it possible to develop multistage reefs near the platform margin.In addition,the methods are studied for characterizing the micro-palaeogeomorphology on the platform margin.It is believed that the bioherms on the platform margin can occur as beaded reefs in curved distribution along the platform margin,or occur as echelon reefs oblique to the trough.Play fairways were identified based on the study results.Oolitic beach reservoirs may occur on the transgressive slope margin in the Kaijiang-Liangping trough,while the oolitic beach on the aggradational platform margin of the Feixianguan Formation is the most favorable play fairway.
引文
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[11]王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等.四川盆地开江—梁平海槽内发现大隆组[J].天然气工业,2006,26(9):32-36.
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[15]魏国齐,谢增业,刘满仓,等.四川盆地长兴—飞仙关组的有利储集相带[J].天然气工业,2009,29(9):35-38.
[16]王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等.四川盆地北部晚二叠世—早三叠世碳酸盐岩斜坡相带沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2009,11(2):143-156.
[2]林霖,钟广法,殷绍如,等.顶帽变换在川北长兴组生物礁分布预测中的应用[J].天然气工业,2011,31(1):48-51.
[3]冉隆辉,陈更生,张健,等.四川盆地东北部飞仙关组鲕滩储层分布研究与勘探潜力分析[J].中国石油勘探,2002,7(1):46-55.
[4]郭旭升,胡东风.川东北礁滩天然气勘探新进展及关键技术[J].天然气工业,2011,31(10):6-11.
[5]何鲤,罗潇,刘莉萍,等.试论四川盆地晚二叠世沉积环境与礁滩分布[J].天然气工业,2008,28(1):28-32.
[6]王一刚,洪海涛,夏茂龙,等.四川盆地二叠、三叠系环海槽礁、滩富气带勘探[J].天然气工业,2008,28(1):22-27.
[7]杨毅,张本健,蒋德生,等.四川盆地西南部上二叠统峨眉山玄武岩成藏模式初探[J].天然气工业,2010,30(5):46-49.
[8]王一刚,文应初,张帆,等.川东地区上二叠统长兴组生物礁分布规律[J].天然气工业,1998,18(6):10-15.
[9]张奇,屠志慧,饶雷,等.四川川中地区晚二叠世蓬溪—武胜台凹对台内生物礁、滩分布的控制作用[J].天然气勘探与开发,2010,33(4):1-4.
[10]张延充,杨爱国,梅燕,等.泛开江—梁平海槽及勘探有利相带地震预测[J].天然气工业,2009,29(10):28-30.
[11]王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等.四川盆地开江—梁平海槽内发现大隆组[J].天然气工业,2006,26(9):32-36.
[12]张筠,吴见萌.测井资料划分川东北元坝地区长兴组有利相带[J].天然气工业,2011,31(7):24-27.
[13]李鹭光.四川盆地天然气勘探开发技术进展与发展方向[J].天然气工业,2011,31(1):1-6.
[14]刘微,曾云贤,杨雨.飞仙关组鲕滩储层常规地震相识别技术探索[J].西南石油大学学报,2007,29(1):30-33.
[15]魏国齐,谢增业,刘满仓,等.四川盆地长兴—飞仙关组的有利储集相带[J].天然气工业,2009,29(9):35-38.
[16]王一刚,文应初,洪海涛,等.四川盆地北部晚二叠世—早三叠世碳酸盐岩斜坡相带沉积特征[J].古地理学报,2009,11(2):143-156.
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