Steerable Pyramid分解在储层断裂检测中的应用
|
摘要
在隐蔽油气藏勘探中,正确刻画储层断裂对于油气勘探和开发都有着至关重要的作用.储层断裂在地震数据中表现为边缘特征.但现今多尺度边缘检测的基本理论和方法都有其本身的局限性.本文详细阐述了Steerable Pyramid分解用于储层断裂检测的基本原理和方法.输入的三维地震切片经过Steerable Pyramid分解后,不仅可以分析不同尺度不同方向上断裂的特征及走向,还可以通过重构得到经S函数控制的断裂信息,该断裂信息不仅仅是断裂的边缘检测,而是增强的断裂本身.将该算法应用于实际地震切片的断裂检测,得到了清晰的断裂信息,完整细致地展现了这些地质类型的特征,为构造解释、地震相表征及储层预测提供了有用信息.
At present,domestic oil exploration has transferred from structural hydrocarbon reservoir to subtle reservoir,and the requirement of exploratory technique for subtle reservoir is urgent.Some subtle reservoir such as fractured hydrocarbon reservoir of marine carbonate and lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir of clasolite expresses high anisotropic and directional in horizontal,so that the reservoir evaluation is difficult and conventional technology is very difficult to identify,which need some key seismic reservoir prediction technology to detect and characterize.And in the process of reservoir prediction,the recognition and detection of faults is extremely important.The character of faults in seismic data is marginal,however,multi-scale and multi-direction detection technology for faults is in the stage of exploration at home and abroad.In the paper,the basic principle and parametric selection of decomposition and construction of Steerable Pyramid(It is used to detect faults) are introduced in detail.We can analyze the characters and distribution of faults in different scales and directions after decomposition of Steerable Pyramid,which is significance to detect and stress the geologic body with definite distribution.In the process of Steerable Pyramid construction,the space smoothing is used to obtain a stable and uniform estimated direction and the function S is adopted to enhancement faults whose linear characteristics are enhanced,and we can get faults in itself through the dominance of function S.But the effect is susceptible to parameters,such as smoothing parameter and k,T,which are selected based on the characters of inputting figure.It is proved that the application of Steerable Pyramid to detect faults is successful for we obtain clear faults when the Steerable Pyramid decomposition is applied in faults detection of real seismic slice.It reveals characteristic of faults completely and meticulously,and provides useful information for structure elucidation,seismic facies characterization and reservoir pre-determination.Noteworthy,it requires noise decaying before faults detection,for whether random noise or correlated noise can decrease accuracy of direction estimated.
At present,domestic oil exploration has transferred from structural hydrocarbon reservoir to subtle reservoir,and the requirement of exploratory technique for subtle reservoir is urgent.Some subtle reservoir such as fractured hydrocarbon reservoir of marine carbonate and lithologic hydrocarbon reservoir of clasolite expresses high anisotropic and directional in horizontal,so that the reservoir evaluation is difficult and conventional technology is very difficult to identify,which need some key seismic reservoir prediction technology to detect and characterize.And in the process of reservoir prediction,the recognition and detection of faults is extremely important.The character of faults in seismic data is marginal,however,multi-scale and multi-direction detection technology for faults is in the stage of exploration at home and abroad.In the paper,the basic principle and parametric selection of decomposition and construction of Steerable Pyramid(It is used to detect faults) are introduced in detail.We can analyze the characters and distribution of faults in different scales and directions after decomposition of Steerable Pyramid,which is significance to detect and stress the geologic body with definite distribution.In the process of Steerable Pyramid construction,the space smoothing is used to obtain a stable and uniform estimated direction and the function S is adopted to enhancement faults whose linear characteristics are enhanced,and we can get faults in itself through the dominance of function S.But the effect is susceptible to parameters,such as smoothing parameter and k,T,which are selected based on the characters of inputting figure.It is proved that the application of Steerable Pyramid to detect faults is successful for we obtain clear faults when the Steerable Pyramid decomposition is applied in faults detection of real seismic slice.It reveals characteristic of faults completely and meticulously,and provides useful information for structure elucidation,seismic facies characterization and reservoir pre-determination.Noteworthy,it requires noise decaying before faults detection,for whether random noise or correlated noise can decrease accuracy of direction estimated.
引文
[1]孙夕平,杜世通.边缘检测技术在河道和储层小断裂成像中的应用.石油物探,2003,42(4):469-472.Sun X P,Du S T.Using edge detection technique to imagechannels and minor faults.Geophysical Prospecting forPetroltum(in Chinese),2003,42(4):469-472.
[2]戴勇.致密碎屑岩储层裂缝地震预测与评价方法研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007:3-4.Dai Y.Research on Seismic Prediction and Evaluation for theFracture in the Compact Elastic Rock Reservoir[D](inChinese).Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2007:3-4.
[3]苟量,彭真明.小波多尺度边缘检测及其在裂缝预测中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):309-313.Gou L,Peng Z M.Multi-scale edge detection of wavelet andapplication in fracture prediction.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2005,40(3):309-313.
[4]文晓涛,唐湘蓉,贺振华.基于方向信息测度的断层检测方法.石油物探,2008,47(2):128-132.Wen X T,Tang X R,He Z H.Fault detection method basedon direction information measurement.Geophysical Prospecting forPetroltum(in Chinese),2008,47(2):128-132.
[5]Simoncelli E P,Freeman W T.The steerable pyramid:a flexiblearchitecture for multi-scale derivative computation.2nd AnnualIEEE Intl.Conference on Image Processing,Washington,DC.October,1995
[6]Candès E J,Demanet L,Donoho D,et al.Fast discrete curvelettransforms.Applied and Computational Mathematics.California Institute of Technology,2005:1-43.
[7]郑静静,印兴耀,张广智.基于Curvelet变换的多尺度分析技术.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(5):534-547.Zheng J J,Yin X Y,Zhang G Z.Multi-scale analysistechnique based on Curvelet transform.Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),2009,44(5):534-547.
[8]Denis F,Baskurt A.Multidirectional curvilinear structures detectionusing steerable pyramid.Journal of Electronic Imaging,2004,13(4):756-765.
[9]Delle Luche C A,Denis F,Baskurt A.3Dsteerable pyramidbased on conic filters.Wavelet Application in IndustrialProcessing.Edited by Truchetet,Frédéric.Proceedings of theSPIE,2004,5266:260-268
[10]Derpanis K G,Gryn J M.Three-dimensional nth derivativeof Gaussian separable steerable filters.ICIP,2005,(3):553-456.
[11]van Spaendonck R L C,Hindriks F M,Fernandes F C A,etal.Three-dimensional attributes for seismic interpretation.Annual Meeting Abstracts,70th Annual Int’l Meeting:SEG,2000:2059-2062.
[12]Simoncelli E P,Freeman W T,Adelson E H,et al.Shiftablemultiscale transforms.IEEE Trans.Information Theory,1992,38(2):587-607.
[13]Freeman W T,Adelson E H.The design and use of steerablefilters.IEEE Trans.on Pattern Analysis and MachineIntelligence,1991,13(9):891-906.
[14]刘彦,孟小红,胡金民等.断层识别技术及其在MB油气田的应用.地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):515-521.Liu Y,Meng X H,Hu J M,et al.Faults identifyingtechnique and it’s application in MB oil-gas field.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(2):515-521.
[2]戴勇.致密碎屑岩储层裂缝地震预测与评价方法研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2007:3-4.Dai Y.Research on Seismic Prediction and Evaluation for theFracture in the Compact Elastic Rock Reservoir[D](inChinese).Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2007:3-4.
[3]苟量,彭真明.小波多尺度边缘检测及其在裂缝预测中的应用.石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(3):309-313.Gou L,Peng Z M.Multi-scale edge detection of wavelet andapplication in fracture prediction.Oil Geophysical Prospecting(in Chinese),2005,40(3):309-313.
[4]文晓涛,唐湘蓉,贺振华.基于方向信息测度的断层检测方法.石油物探,2008,47(2):128-132.Wen X T,Tang X R,He Z H.Fault detection method basedon direction information measurement.Geophysical Prospecting forPetroltum(in Chinese),2008,47(2):128-132.
[5]Simoncelli E P,Freeman W T.The steerable pyramid:a flexiblearchitecture for multi-scale derivative computation.2nd AnnualIEEE Intl.Conference on Image Processing,Washington,DC.October,1995
[6]Candès E J,Demanet L,Donoho D,et al.Fast discrete curvelettransforms.Applied and Computational Mathematics.California Institute of Technology,2005:1-43.
[7]郑静静,印兴耀,张广智.基于Curvelet变换的多尺度分析技术.石油地球物理勘探,2009,44(5):534-547.Zheng J J,Yin X Y,Zhang G Z.Multi-scale analysistechnique based on Curvelet transform.Oil GeophysicalProspecting(in Chinese),2009,44(5):534-547.
[8]Denis F,Baskurt A.Multidirectional curvilinear structures detectionusing steerable pyramid.Journal of Electronic Imaging,2004,13(4):756-765.
[9]Delle Luche C A,Denis F,Baskurt A.3Dsteerable pyramidbased on conic filters.Wavelet Application in IndustrialProcessing.Edited by Truchetet,Frédéric.Proceedings of theSPIE,2004,5266:260-268
[10]Derpanis K G,Gryn J M.Three-dimensional nth derivativeof Gaussian separable steerable filters.ICIP,2005,(3):553-456.
[11]van Spaendonck R L C,Hindriks F M,Fernandes F C A,etal.Three-dimensional attributes for seismic interpretation.Annual Meeting Abstracts,70th Annual Int’l Meeting:SEG,2000:2059-2062.
[12]Simoncelli E P,Freeman W T,Adelson E H,et al.Shiftablemultiscale transforms.IEEE Trans.Information Theory,1992,38(2):587-607.
[13]Freeman W T,Adelson E H.The design and use of steerablefilters.IEEE Trans.on Pattern Analysis and MachineIntelligence,1991,13(9):891-906.
[14]刘彦,孟小红,胡金民等.断层识别技术及其在MB油气田的应用.地球物理学进展,2008,23(2):515-521.Liu Y,Meng X H,Hu J M,et al.Faults identifyingtechnique and it’s application in MB oil-gas field.Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2008,23(2):515-521.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心