松辽盆地北部连续型致密砂岩油藏的认识及其地质意义
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摘要
综合利用钻井数据、地震解释成果、测井解释数据、试油试采等动态测试数据,系统剖析了松辽盆地齐家古龙凹陷葡萄花油藏的聚集特征,认为该油藏可以称为连续型致密砂岩油藏,其聚集特征明显与常规油藏不同:1)油藏在构造低部位埋深大于-1 600m范围内大面积分布;2)含油储集层致密,储集层孔隙度普遍小于10%,渗透率普遍小于1mD;3)具有油下水上的倒置型油水接触关系;4)含油储集层压力异常,压力系数普遍大于1.3;5)超压为主要聚集动力,油藏下部烃源岩层压力系数介于1.4～1.5之间.研究结果表明:连续型致密砂岩油藏是一种自然存在的油藏类型,"连续展布的致密砂岩储集层"和"下部超压强排烃烃源岩"是形成该型油藏的关键,综合分析认为松辽盆地三肇凹陷深部位葡萄花储集层具有致密、大面积连片展布、下部烃源岩超压(压力系数1.3～1.8)的特征,是连续型致密砂岩油藏的有利发育区.
This study used the dynamic testing data,such as drilling-will data,seismic interpretation data,well logging interpretation data,production test data and so forth,and systematically analyzed the aggregation characteristics of Putaohua in Qijia-gulong Sag,Songliao Basin.Through the analysis above,this study concluded that this reservoir could be called as the tight sand oil reservoir of continuous type and its aggregation characteristics were dramatically different from conventional reservoirs in following aspects: 1) the reservoir largely distributed at the structural bottom,with depth greater than-1600 m;2) the reservoir is tight,with porosity smaller than 10% and permeability smaller than 1mD;3) the reservoir has a reverse oil-water contact relationship;4)the pressure in oil-containing layers is abnormal,with pressure coefficient greater than 1.3;5) overpressure is the main hydrocarbon aggregation dynamics,with pressure coefficient under source rock ranging from 1.4 to 1.5.The research results show that the tight sandstone oil reservoir of continuous type do exist in nature,and the continuously tight sandstone reservoir stratum and hydrocarbon expulsion source rock below the reservoir with overpressure are the key factors for aggregating this type of reservoir.Through comprehensive analysis,this study concluded that Putaohua tight sandstone reservoir had the following characteristics: tight,largely successive distribution,overpressure of the under part of source rock overpressure(the pressure coefficient ranges from 1.3 to 1.8).This region was the conducive to the development of continuous type tight sand oil reservoir.
This study used the dynamic testing data,such as drilling-will data,seismic interpretation data,well logging interpretation data,production test data and so forth,and systematically analyzed the aggregation characteristics of Putaohua in Qijia-gulong Sag,Songliao Basin.Through the analysis above,this study concluded that this reservoir could be called as the tight sand oil reservoir of continuous type and its aggregation characteristics were dramatically different from conventional reservoirs in following aspects: 1) the reservoir largely distributed at the structural bottom,with depth greater than-1600 m;2) the reservoir is tight,with porosity smaller than 10% and permeability smaller than 1mD;3) the reservoir has a reverse oil-water contact relationship;4)the pressure in oil-containing layers is abnormal,with pressure coefficient greater than 1.3;5) overpressure is the main hydrocarbon aggregation dynamics,with pressure coefficient under source rock ranging from 1.4 to 1.5.The research results show that the tight sandstone oil reservoir of continuous type do exist in nature,and the continuously tight sandstone reservoir stratum and hydrocarbon expulsion source rock below the reservoir with overpressure are the key factors for aggregating this type of reservoir.Through comprehensive analysis,this study concluded that Putaohua tight sandstone reservoir had the following characteristics: tight,largely successive distribution,overpressure of the under part of source rock overpressure(the pressure coefficient ranges from 1.3 to 1.8).This region was the conducive to the development of continuous type tight sand oil reservoir.
引文
[1]邹才能,陶士振,袁选俊,等.“连续型”油气藏及其在全球的重要性:成藏、分布与评价[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(6):669-681.ZOU Cai-neng,TAO Shi-zhen,YUAN Xuan-jun,etal.Global importance of“continuous”petroleum res-ervoirs:accumulation,distribution and evaluation[J].Petroleum Exploration and Development,2009,36(6):669-681.
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[7]DAVIS T B.Subsurface pressure profiles in gas-satu-ration basin[C]//MASTER J A.Elmworth:CaseStudy of a Deep Basin Gas Field.Tulsa:AAPG Press,1984:189-203.
[8]LAW B E.Basin-centered gas systems[J].AAPGBulletin,2002,86(11):1891-1919.
[9]马新华.鄂尔多斯盆地天然气勘探开发形势分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):50-53.MA Xin-hua.Natural gas exploration and develop-ment situation in Ordos basin,NW China[J].Petrole-um Exploration and Development,2005,32(4):50-53.
[10]严科,任怀强.稠油油藏油水倒置现象探讨-以孤岛油田中一区馆陶组6-7砂层组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):635-640.YAN Ke,REN Huai-qiang.Oil/water inversion andjuxtaposition in heavy oil reservoirs:taking 6-7sandmembers of Guantao formation,Gudao oilfield as anexample[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2009,36(5):635-640.
[11]杨帆,于兴河,李胜利,等.低孔低渗构造岩性油藏油水倒置成因研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(5):747-752.YANG Fan,YU Xing-he,LI Sheng-li,et al.Oil/Wa-ter inversion and its genetic mechanism in the struc-tural-lithologic reservoir of low-porosity and lowpermeability[J].Journal of China University of Min-ing&Technology,2010,39(5):747-752.
[12]侯启军,魏兆胜,赵占银,等.松辽盆地的深盆油藏[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):406-411.HOU Qi-jun,WEI Zhao-sheng,ZHAO Zhan-yin,etal.Deep basin reservoir in Songliao basin[J].Petro-leum Exploration and Development,2006,33(4):406-411.
[13]WHITE I C.The geology of natural gas[J].Sci-ences,1885,5:521-522.
[14]GUSSOW W C.Differential entrapment of gas andoil:a fundamental principle[J].AAPG Bulletin,1954,38(5):816-853.
[15]王涛.中国深盆气田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:1-290.
[16]GIES R M.Case history for a major Alberta deepbasin gas trap:the cadomin formation[C]//MAS-TER J A.Elmworth:Case Study of a Deep BasinGas Field.Tulsa:AAPG Press,1984:115-140.
[17]马中振,庞雄奇,吴河勇,等.用生烃潜力法研究松辽盆地北部中浅层烃源岩资源潜力[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(4):27-31.MA Zhong-zhen,PANG Xiong-qi,WU He-yong,etal.Research on resource potential of middle-shallowsource rocks of the northern part of Songliao basinwith hydrocarbon-generation potential method[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition ofNatural Science,2009,33(4):27-31.
[18]马中振.深部致密砂岩油气藏形成的动力学机制与发育模式[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京)资源与信息学院,2008.
[19]吴河勇,梁晓东,向才富,等.松辽盆地向斜油藏特征及成藏机理探讨[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2007,37(2):185-191.WU He-yong,LIANG Xiao-dong,XIANG Cai-fu,etal.Characters of petroleum accumulation in synclineof Songliao basin and discussion on its accumulationmechanism[J].Science in China:Series D,2007,37(2):185-191.
[20]向才富,冯志强,吴河勇,等.松辽盆地异常压力系统及其形成原因探讨[J].地质学报,2006,80(11):1752-1757.XIANG Cai-Fu,FENG Zhi-qiang,WU He-yong,etal.Three abnormal pressure systems developed inthe Songliao basin,northeast China and their genesis[J].ACTA Geologica Sinica,2006,80(11):1752-1757.
[21]黄福堂,冯子辉.松辽盆地原油资源量计算方法研究[J].勘探家,1998,3(4):43-47.HUANG Fu-tang,FENG Zi-hui.Calculation methodfor oil resource extent in Songliao basin[J].Petrole-um Explorationist,1998,3(4):43-47.
[2]邹才能,陶士振,袁选俊,等.连续型油气藏形成条件与分布特征[J].石油学报,2009,30(3):324-331.ZOU Cai-neng,TAO Shi-zhen,YUAN Xuan-jun,etal.The formation conditions and distribution charac-teristics of continuous petroleum accumulations[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(3):324-331.
[3]MASTERS J A.Deep basin gas trap,western Canada[J].AAPG Bulletin,1979,63(2):152-181.
[4]SPENCER C W.Review of characteristics of low-per-meability gas reservoirs in western United States[J].AAPG Bulletin,1989,73(5):613-629.
[5]SURDAM R C.A new paradigm for gas explorationin anomalously pressured“tight gas sands”in theRocky Mountain Laramide basins[C]//SURDAM RC.Seals,Traps,and the Petroleum System.Tulsa:AAPG Press,1997:283-298.
[6]LAW B E,DICKINSON W W.Conceptual model fororigin of abnormally pressured gas accumulations inlow-permeability reservoirs[J].AAPG Bulletin,1985,69(8):1295-1304.
[7]DAVIS T B.Subsurface pressure profiles in gas-satu-ration basin[C]//MASTER J A.Elmworth:CaseStudy of a Deep Basin Gas Field.Tulsa:AAPG Press,1984:189-203.
[8]LAW B E.Basin-centered gas systems[J].AAPGBulletin,2002,86(11):1891-1919.
[9]马新华.鄂尔多斯盆地天然气勘探开发形势分析[J].石油勘探与开发,2005,32(4):50-53.MA Xin-hua.Natural gas exploration and develop-ment situation in Ordos basin,NW China[J].Petrole-um Exploration and Development,2005,32(4):50-53.
[10]严科,任怀强.稠油油藏油水倒置现象探讨-以孤岛油田中一区馆陶组6-7砂层组为例[J].石油勘探与开发,2009,36(5):635-640.YAN Ke,REN Huai-qiang.Oil/water inversion andjuxtaposition in heavy oil reservoirs:taking 6-7sandmembers of Guantao formation,Gudao oilfield as anexample[J].Petroleum Exploration and Develop-ment,2009,36(5):635-640.
[11]杨帆,于兴河,李胜利,等.低孔低渗构造岩性油藏油水倒置成因研究[J].中国矿业大学学报,2010,39(5):747-752.YANG Fan,YU Xing-he,LI Sheng-li,et al.Oil/Wa-ter inversion and its genetic mechanism in the struc-tural-lithologic reservoir of low-porosity and lowpermeability[J].Journal of China University of Min-ing&Technology,2010,39(5):747-752.
[12]侯启军,魏兆胜,赵占银,等.松辽盆地的深盆油藏[J].石油勘探与开发,2006,33(4):406-411.HOU Qi-jun,WEI Zhao-sheng,ZHAO Zhan-yin,etal.Deep basin reservoir in Songliao basin[J].Petro-leum Exploration and Development,2006,33(4):406-411.
[13]WHITE I C.The geology of natural gas[J].Sci-ences,1885,5:521-522.
[14]GUSSOW W C.Differential entrapment of gas andoil:a fundamental principle[J].AAPG Bulletin,1954,38(5):816-853.
[15]王涛.中国深盆气田[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2000:1-290.
[16]GIES R M.Case history for a major Alberta deepbasin gas trap:the cadomin formation[C]//MAS-TER J A.Elmworth:Case Study of a Deep BasinGas Field.Tulsa:AAPG Press,1984:115-140.
[17]马中振,庞雄奇,吴河勇,等.用生烃潜力法研究松辽盆地北部中浅层烃源岩资源潜力[J].中国石油大学学报:自然科学版,2009,33(4):27-31.MA Zhong-zhen,PANG Xiong-qi,WU He-yong,etal.Research on resource potential of middle-shallowsource rocks of the northern part of Songliao basinwith hydrocarbon-generation potential method[J].Journal of China University of Petroleum:Edition ofNatural Science,2009,33(4):27-31.
[18]马中振.深部致密砂岩油气藏形成的动力学机制与发育模式[D].北京:中国石油大学(北京)资源与信息学院,2008.
[19]吴河勇,梁晓东,向才富,等.松辽盆地向斜油藏特征及成藏机理探讨[J].中国科学D辑:地球科学,2007,37(2):185-191.WU He-yong,LIANG Xiao-dong,XIANG Cai-fu,etal.Characters of petroleum accumulation in synclineof Songliao basin and discussion on its accumulationmechanism[J].Science in China:Series D,2007,37(2):185-191.
[20]向才富,冯志强,吴河勇,等.松辽盆地异常压力系统及其形成原因探讨[J].地质学报,2006,80(11):1752-1757.XIANG Cai-Fu,FENG Zhi-qiang,WU He-yong,etal.Three abnormal pressure systems developed inthe Songliao basin,northeast China and their genesis[J].ACTA Geologica Sinica,2006,80(11):1752-1757.
[21]黄福堂,冯子辉.松辽盆地原油资源量计算方法研究[J].勘探家,1998,3(4):43-47.HUANG Fu-tang,FENG Zi-hui.Calculation methodfor oil resource extent in Songliao basin[J].Petrole-um Explorationist,1998,3(4):43-47.
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