塔里木盆地库车坳陷新近系和第四系沉积特征及演化
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摘要
在野外露头观察和岩心描述的基础上,结合测井、地震和三维电法资料分析,认为塔里木盆地库车坳陷新近系和第四系共发育冲积扇、冲积平原、扇三角洲和湖泊4种沉积相类型;每一种沉积相可以进一步划分为若干沉积亚相和微相。新近纪吉迪克期,古近纪形成的湖泊开始向南部退缩,扇三角洲分布在山前地区;新近纪康村期基本继承了吉迪克期的沉积格局,扇三角洲的分布范围较吉迪克期大; 新近纪库车期,构造抬升导致湖泊快速萎缩,山体隆升并遭受剥蚀,为冲积扇的形成提供物源,从山前到盆地中心依次为冲积扇、冲积平原和湖泊; 第四纪,湖泊完全消失,以冲积扇沉积为主,冲积平原仅分布在西盐水沟—东盐水沟一线南部地区。
On the basis of outcrop observation and core description,as well as data of well logging,seismic and 3-D electrical method,it is believed that four types of sedimentary facies, including the alluvial fan facies, the alluvial plain facies, the fan delta facies and the lake facies, were developed in the Neogene and Quaternary in Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin. Each facies could be divided into several subfacies and microfacies. During the Neogene Jidike Age, lakes formed in the Paleogene began to shrink southwards, and the fan deltas were developed in submountain region. Sedimentary pattern in the Neogene Kangcun Age was similar to the Jidike Age, but the scale of the fan delta was larger. During the Neogene Kuqa Age, uplift caused the lakes to shrink quickly towards the south, and mountain blocks to rise and be suffered from erosion,which provided sediment source for alluvial fans. The lakes disappeared completely in the Quaternary and alluvial fan became the main sedimentary facies.Fluvial plain was only distributed in the southern Xiyanshuigou-Dongyanshuigou area.
On the basis of outcrop observation and core description,as well as data of well logging,seismic and 3-D electrical method,it is believed that four types of sedimentary facies, including the alluvial fan facies, the alluvial plain facies, the fan delta facies and the lake facies, were developed in the Neogene and Quaternary in Kuqa Depression of Tarim Basin. Each facies could be divided into several subfacies and microfacies. During the Neogene Jidike Age, lakes formed in the Paleogene began to shrink southwards, and the fan deltas were developed in submountain region. Sedimentary pattern in the Neogene Kangcun Age was similar to the Jidike Age, but the scale of the fan delta was larger. During the Neogene Kuqa Age, uplift caused the lakes to shrink quickly towards the south, and mountain blocks to rise and be suffered from erosion,which provided sediment source for alluvial fans. The lakes disappeared completely in the Quaternary and alluvial fan became the main sedimentary facies.Fluvial plain was only distributed in the southern Xiyanshuigou-Dongyanshuigou area.
引文
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卢华夏,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因[J].石油学报,21(3):18-24.
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孙龙德,李曰俊,宋文杰,等.2002.塔里木盆地北部构造与油气分布规律[J].地质科学,37(增):1-13.
谭秀成,王振宇,李凌,等.2006.库车前陆盆地第三系沉积相配置及演化研究[J].沉积学报,24(6):790-797.
田作基,宋建国.1999.塔里木库车新生代前陆盆地构造特征及形成演化[J].石油学报,20(4):7-13.
邬光辉,王招明,刘玉魁,等.2004.塔里木盆地库车坳陷盐构造运动学特征[J].地质论评,50(5):476-483.
曾庆全,孔繁恕,郑莉,等.2003.库车前陆盆地重磁电勘探述评[J].石油学报,24(3):28-33.
张明利,谭成轩,汤良杰,等.2004.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中新生代构造应力场分析[J].地球学报,27(6):617-619.
周兴熙.2000.库车坳陷第三系盐膏质盖层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].古地理学报,2(4):71-77.
朱如凯,魏伟,张运东.1999.塔里木盆地库车坳陷新生界终端扇沉积体系与储集层研究[J].沉积学报,17(增):752-757.
Lu H,Howell D G,Jia D,et al.1994.Rejuvenation of the Kuqa foreland basin,northern flank of the Tarim basin,Northern China[J].International Geology Review,36(12):1151-1158.
贾进华.2002.新疆库车坳陷中、新生界碳酸盐岩及其成因意义[J].古地理学报,4(4):30-38.
贾进华,顾家裕,郭庆银,等.2001.塔里木盆地克拉2气田白垩系沉积相[J].古地理学报,3(3):67-75.
李曰俊,吴根耀,雷刚林,等.2008.新疆库车新生代前陆褶皱冲断带的变形特征、时代和机制[J].地质科学,43(3):488-706.
李维锋,高振中,彭德堂,等.1996.塔里木盆地晚第三纪坳陷型氧化宽浅盐湖沉积特征及模式[J].江汉石油学院学报,18(2):31-35.
林畅松,刘景彦,张燕梅,等.2002.库车坳陷第三系构造层序的构成特征及其对前陆构造作用的响应[J].中国科学(D辑),32(3) :177-183.
刘景彦,林畅松,肖建新.2003.库车坳陷古近系层序和沉积体系发育特征[J].煤田地质与勘探,31(6):8-10.
刘志宏,卢华复,李西建,等.2000a.库车再生前陆盆地的构造演化[J].地质科学,35(4):482-492.
刘志宏,卢华夏,贾承造,等.2000b.库车再生前陆逆冲带造山运动时间、断层滑移速率的厘定及其意义[J].石油勘探与开发,32(1):12-15.
刘志宏,卢华夏,贾承造,等.2001.库车再生前陆盆地的构造与油气[J].石油与天然气地质,22(4):297-303.
卢华夏,陈楚铭,刘志宏,等.2000.库车再生前陆逆冲带的构造特征与成因[J].石油学报,21(3):18-24.
孙龙德.2004.塔里木含油气盆地沉积学研究进展[J].沉积学报,22(3):408-416.
孙龙德,李曰俊,宋文杰,等.2002.塔里木盆地北部构造与油气分布规律[J].地质科学,37(增):1-13.
谭秀成,王振宇,李凌,等.2006.库车前陆盆地第三系沉积相配置及演化研究[J].沉积学报,24(6):790-797.
田作基,宋建国.1999.塔里木库车新生代前陆盆地构造特征及形成演化[J].石油学报,20(4):7-13.
邬光辉,王招明,刘玉魁,等.2004.塔里木盆地库车坳陷盐构造运动学特征[J].地质论评,50(5):476-483.
曾庆全,孔繁恕,郑莉,等.2003.库车前陆盆地重磁电勘探述评[J].石油学报,24(3):28-33.
张明利,谭成轩,汤良杰,等.2004.塔里木盆地库车坳陷中新生代构造应力场分析[J].地球学报,27(6):617-619.
周兴熙.2000.库车坳陷第三系盐膏质盖层特征及其对油气成藏的控制作用[J].古地理学报,2(4):71-77.
朱如凯,魏伟,张运东.1999.塔里木盆地库车坳陷新生界终端扇沉积体系与储集层研究[J].沉积学报,17(增):752-757.
Lu H,Howell D G,Jia D,et al.1994.Rejuvenation of the Kuqa foreland basin,northern flank of the Tarim basin,Northern China[J].International Geology Review,36(12):1151-1158.
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