柴达木盆地牛北潜山的形成演化及地质意义
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摘要
在柴达木盆地西部北区新采集、处理二维地震测线的精细解释的基础上,对牛北潜山进行了深入研究。通过连片追踪与构造演化史分析,第一次确定了其空间展布范围及形成时代;结合区域构造演化过程,对它的成因进行了探讨,指出其实质是中新世末期在阿尔金断裂右行走滑和祁连山向南挤压推覆共同作用下形成的一个地垒,其形成和演化经历了岩浆侵入-古凸起-古潜山-地垒潜山等阶段。牛北潜山的存在对于柴西北区东坪-牛鼻子梁鼻状构造带具有重要意义,主要表现在3个方面:一是控制了上新世以来该地区的沉积体系展布,形成了有效储盖组合;二是促成了局部构造圈闭的发育,且增加了鼻状构造带倾斜的坡度,有利于油气向上倾方向的运移;三是在阿尔金山及鼻状构造带之间形成一道天然屏障,使得鼻状构造带的油气藏免受喜山晚期强烈构造运动的改造,得以有效保存。
Based on seismic data of new acquisition and process,Niubei Buried Hill which was situated in the northwest of Qaidam Basin was studied.By tracing together and analyzing the tectonic evolution history,space distribution and formation time of Niubei Buried Hill was firstly confirmed.In combination with regional tectonic evolution,its genesis was discussed,and it was pointed out that in fact,it was a horst formed by the Arkin dextral strike-slip and the southward thrusting nappe of Qilian Mountain during the end of Miocene,and its formation and evolution stages included magma intrusion,palaeo-salient,palaeo-buried hill,and so on.The existence of Niubei Buried Hill is of great significance for Dongping-Niubiziliang nose structure zone,it mainly presents in three aspects.Firstly,it controls the sedimentary distributions from Pliocene,forms an effective assemblage of reservoir and caprock.Secondly,it promotes the development of local tectonic traps,and increases the slope of nose structural zone,it is favorable for upward migration of petroleum.Thirdly,it forms a natural barrier between Arkin Mountain and the nose structure zone,which preserves the reservoirs of nose structure zone from late Himalayan movement,thus it is preserved effectively.
Based on seismic data of new acquisition and process,Niubei Buried Hill which was situated in the northwest of Qaidam Basin was studied.By tracing together and analyzing the tectonic evolution history,space distribution and formation time of Niubei Buried Hill was firstly confirmed.In combination with regional tectonic evolution,its genesis was discussed,and it was pointed out that in fact,it was a horst formed by the Arkin dextral strike-slip and the southward thrusting nappe of Qilian Mountain during the end of Miocene,and its formation and evolution stages included magma intrusion,palaeo-salient,palaeo-buried hill,and so on.The existence of Niubei Buried Hill is of great significance for Dongping-Niubiziliang nose structure zone,it mainly presents in three aspects.Firstly,it controls the sedimentary distributions from Pliocene,forms an effective assemblage of reservoir and caprock.Secondly,it promotes the development of local tectonic traps,and increases the slope of nose structural zone,it is favorable for upward migration of petroleum.Thirdly,it forms a natural barrier between Arkin Mountain and the nose structure zone,which preserves the reservoirs of nose structure zone from late Himalayan movement,thus it is preserved effectively.
引文
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[7]崔军文.南阿尔金断裂的韧性剪切作用时代及其构造意义[J].岩石学报,2011,27(11):3422～3434.
[8]袁四化,刘永江,葛肖宏,等.青藏高原北缘的隆升时期——来自阿尔金山和柴达木盆地的证据[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2008,27(5):413～421.
[9]易定红,曹正林,裴明利,等.柴西阿尔金斜坡古近纪和新近纪沉积演化特征[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(5):474～476.
[10]易定红,裴明利,袁剑英,等.柴西红三旱一号-牛鼻子梁地区上干柴沟组物源与沉积体系分析[J].断块油气田,2010,17(2):161～164.
[2]Van D J,Ryerson F J,Tapponnier P,et al.Holocene left-lateral left-slip rate determined by cosmogenic surface dating on the Xidatansegment of the Kunlun fault Qinghai,China[J].Geology,1998,26(8):695～698.
[3]Tapponnier P,Peltzer G,Armijio P.On the mechanic of the collision between India and Asia[A].Coward M P,Ries A C.CollisionTectonics[C].Oxford:Blackwell Scientific Publication,1986.112～117.
[4]任收麦,葛肖虹,刘永江.阿尔金断裂研究进展[J].地球科学进展,2003,18(3):386～390.
[5]陈正乐,宫红良,李丽,等.阿尔金山脉新生代隆升-剥露过程[J].地学前缘,2006,13(4):94～102.
[6]黄立功,钟建华,郭泽清,等.阿尔金造山带中、新生代的演化[J].地球学报,2004,25(3):287～294.
[7]崔军文.南阿尔金断裂的韧性剪切作用时代及其构造意义[J].岩石学报,2011,27(11):3422～3434.
[8]袁四化,刘永江,葛肖宏,等.青藏高原北缘的隆升时期——来自阿尔金山和柴达木盆地的证据[J].岩石矿物学杂志,2008,27(5):413～421.
[9]易定红,曹正林,裴明利,等.柴西阿尔金斜坡古近纪和新近纪沉积演化特征[J].新疆石油地质,2010,31(5):474～476.
[10]易定红,裴明利,袁剑英,等.柴西红三旱一号-牛鼻子梁地区上干柴沟组物源与沉积体系分析[J].断块油气田,2010,17(2):161～164.
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