云南腾冲火山构造区马站—固东岩浆囊的地球物理模式
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摘要
位于青藏高原东南边缘的云南腾冲火山构造区岩浆活动频繁强烈,火山活动规模宏大。为配合国家深部探测专项科学钻探选址,在腾冲盆地北部马站到固东、曲石乡一带进行了大地电磁测深、可控源音频大地电磁测深、反射地震和重磁测量的工作。本文依据电磁法取得的成果划分出了盆地地壳内的2个低阻低速层,其中浅部的低阻层由含水(热水)的火山岩下部、花岗岩上部与花岗砂砾岩组成,构成了腾冲盆地的地热资源的热储层,其主要层位在300到1500m范围内;深部的低阻体是作为热源的岩浆囊,位于马站—固东—曲石乡三镇的深12～30km,东西宽25km以上,向南可能与腾冲北的岩浆囊相连。小空山、大空山和黑空山火山口具有典型的火山口重磁场特征,特别是由于喷发造成物质亏损形成的重力负异常与火山地形呈清晰的镜像对应关系。
Tengchong volcano-tectonic area located in southeast Tibetan plateau has experienced frequent magmatism.In order to support selecting site and pilot holes for continental scientific drilling,the authors conducted geophysical investigations in the area from Mazhan in Tengchong basin to Gudong and Qushi by such means as Magnetotelluric Survey (MT),Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magnetotellurics (CSAMT),seismic reflection and gravity and magnetic exploration.Two low-velocity and resistive layers were recognized in the crust within the basin.The resistive layer in the superficial part consists of hydrous (hydrothermal) volcanic rock,granite and glutenite,forming a geothermal reservoir in the basin 300-1500 m in depth.The deep-seated conductive body is a magma pocket (heat reservoir),lying 12-30 km in depth in Mazhan,Gudong and Qushi;its EW-trending width exceeds 25 km and may be linked to magma pockets in northern Tengchong.The craters of Xiaokongshan,Dakongshan and Heikongshan can be identified by typical gravity and magnetic characteristics,and the negative gravity anomaly resulting from the eruption has especially obvious mirror image relationship with volcanic landform.
Tengchong volcano-tectonic area located in southeast Tibetan plateau has experienced frequent magmatism.In order to support selecting site and pilot holes for continental scientific drilling,the authors conducted geophysical investigations in the area from Mazhan in Tengchong basin to Gudong and Qushi by such means as Magnetotelluric Survey (MT),Controlled Source Audio-frequency Magnetotellurics (CSAMT),seismic reflection and gravity and magnetic exploration.Two low-velocity and resistive layers were recognized in the crust within the basin.The resistive layer in the superficial part consists of hydrous (hydrothermal) volcanic rock,granite and glutenite,forming a geothermal reservoir in the basin 300-1500 m in depth.The deep-seated conductive body is a magma pocket (heat reservoir),lying 12-30 km in depth in Mazhan,Gudong and Qushi;its EW-trending width exceeds 25 km and may be linked to magma pockets in northern Tengchong.The craters of Xiaokongshan,Dakongshan and Heikongshan can be identified by typical gravity and magnetic characteristics,and the negative gravity anomaly resulting from the eruption has especially obvious mirror image relationship with volcanic landform.
引文
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DONG Shu-wen,LI Ting-dong,SinoProbe Group. 2002. Deepexploration technology and experimentation (SinoProbe)[J].Acta Geoscientica Sinica,32(S1): 3-23(in Chinese with Eng-lish abstract).
GUO Lü-can,MA Shi-zhuang,ZHANG Yu-shen. 1996. Researchon “magma chamber” of Changbai mountain volcanoes bymeans of seismic tomography[J]. CT Theory and Applications,5(1): 47-52(in Chinese with English abstract).
GUO Zheng-fu,ZHANG Mao-liang,GHENG Zhi-hui,LIU Jia-qi,ZHANG Li-hong,LI Xiao-hui. 2011. A link of measurementsof lava flows to Palaeoelevation estimations and its applicationin Tengchong volcanic eruptive field in Yunnan Province (SWChina)[J]. Acta Petrologica Sinica,27(10): 2863-2872(inChinese with English abstract).
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