海上多子阵立体组合气枪震源优化设计
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摘要
应用气枪震源子波模拟软件,针对海上常用的6子阵,进行了不同气枪阵列组合情形下的震源子波模拟试算,提出了适应深水区地震勘探要求的立体阵列组合和交错排列组合的气枪阵列。子波模拟试算结果表明,多子阵立体阵列的设计能优化震源子波,同时,将传统的子阵列排列改成交错排列,将气枪阵列的大容量气枪放置在子阵中间位置可以明显提高子波性能,为深水区复杂地质结构条件下的震源设计参数优化提供理论依据。
The seismic exploration in the area of deep water requires the wavelet blazed by air-gun arrays not only with strong primary,large P/B ratio and wide frequency band,but also with strong energy at low frequency,smooth spectra and relative strong energy at the notch frequency.This paper applies the soft of pressure signal simulation of air-gun array and calculate the wavelets of the different type of air-gun arrays consisting of six sub-arrays in common use in marine.We propose a combination of 3D staggered air-gun arrays to adapt to deep-water seismic exploration requirement.The wavelet simulated corresponding to this array shows that the design of 3D air-gun arrays can optimize source wavelet.Meanwhile,air-gun array designed by staggered arrangement and by the guns with large volume placed at the middle of sub-arrays can significantly improve the parameters of wavelet,which provides theoretical bases for the optimal design parameters of source under the conditions of the complex geological structure in deep-water seismic exploration.
The seismic exploration in the area of deep water requires the wavelet blazed by air-gun arrays not only with strong primary,large P/B ratio and wide frequency band,but also with strong energy at low frequency,smooth spectra and relative strong energy at the notch frequency.This paper applies the soft of pressure signal simulation of air-gun array and calculate the wavelets of the different type of air-gun arrays consisting of six sub-arrays in common use in marine.We propose a combination of 3D staggered air-gun arrays to adapt to deep-water seismic exploration requirement.The wavelet simulated corresponding to this array shows that the design of 3D air-gun arrays can optimize source wavelet.Meanwhile,air-gun array designed by staggered arrangement and by the guns with large volume placed at the middle of sub-arrays can significantly improve the parameters of wavelet,which provides theoretical bases for the optimal design parameters of source under the conditions of the complex geological structure in deep-water seismic exploration.
引文
[1]Ziolkowski A.A method for calculating the output pressurewaveform from an airgun[J].Geophys.J.Roy.Astr.Soc.,1970,21(2):137-161.
[2]Ziolkowski A,Parkes G,Hatton L,et al.The signature of anair gun array:Computation from near-field measurements in-cluding interactions[J].Geophysics,1982,47(10):1413-1421.
[3]Ziolkowski A,Johnston J.Computation of far-field air gunsignatures from gun-mounted pressure measurements[C]∥A-non.Abstracts Society of Exploration Geophysicists AnnualMeeting.Denver:[s.n.],1996:13-16.
[4]Ziolkowski A.Measurement of air-gun bubble oscillations[J].Geophysics,1998,63(6):2009-2024.
[5]狄帮让,唐博文,陈浩林,等.气枪震源的理论子波研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2003,27(5):32-35.
[6]杨怀春,高生军.海洋地震勘探中空气枪震源激发特征研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):323-326.
[7]陈浩林,宁书年,熊金良,等.气枪阵列子波数值模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):363-368.
[8]陈浩林,全海燕,刘军,等.基于近场测量的气枪阵列模拟远场子波[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(6):703-707.
[9]李绪宣,温书亮,顾汉明,等.海上气枪阵列震源子波数值模拟研究[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):216-220.
[10]Li Guofa,Cao Mingqiang,Chen Haolin,et al.Modeling airgun signatures in marine seismic exploration considering multi-ple physical factors[J].Applied Geophysics,2010,7(2):158-165.
[11]Guillaume C,Andrew L,Gregg P,et al.Multi-level air gunarray:A simple and effective way to enhance the low frequencycontent of marine seismic data[C]∥Anon.Abstracts Societyof Exploration Geophysicists Annual Meeting.Houston:[s.n.],2009:152-155.
[2]Ziolkowski A,Parkes G,Hatton L,et al.The signature of anair gun array:Computation from near-field measurements in-cluding interactions[J].Geophysics,1982,47(10):1413-1421.
[3]Ziolkowski A,Johnston J.Computation of far-field air gunsignatures from gun-mounted pressure measurements[C]∥A-non.Abstracts Society of Exploration Geophysicists AnnualMeeting.Denver:[s.n.],1996:13-16.
[4]Ziolkowski A.Measurement of air-gun bubble oscillations[J].Geophysics,1998,63(6):2009-2024.
[5]狄帮让,唐博文,陈浩林,等.气枪震源的理论子波研究[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2003,27(5):32-35.
[6]杨怀春,高生军.海洋地震勘探中空气枪震源激发特征研究[J].石油物探,2004,43(4):323-326.
[7]陈浩林,宁书年,熊金良,等.气枪阵列子波数值模拟[J].石油地球物理勘探,2003,38(4):363-368.
[8]陈浩林,全海燕,刘军,等.基于近场测量的气枪阵列模拟远场子波[J].石油地球物理勘探,2005,40(6):703-707.
[9]李绪宣,温书亮,顾汉明,等.海上气枪阵列震源子波数值模拟研究[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(4):216-220.
[10]Li Guofa,Cao Mingqiang,Chen Haolin,et al.Modeling airgun signatures in marine seismic exploration considering multi-ple physical factors[J].Applied Geophysics,2010,7(2):158-165.
[11]Guillaume C,Andrew L,Gregg P,et al.Multi-level air gunarray:A simple and effective way to enhance the low frequencycontent of marine seismic data[C]∥Anon.Abstracts Societyof Exploration Geophysicists Annual Meeting.Houston:[s.n.],2009:152-155.
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