陇南市三家地黄土地震滑坡形成机理研究
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摘要
研究目的:5.12汶川大地震给人民生命财产造成了极大损失。震后10年内,将是次生地质灾害频发期。其中,滑坡是最为广泛、危害最大的灾害之一。正确认识地震诱发型滑坡形成机制,是防治设计的基础和依据。研究结论:以陇南三家地黄土地震滑坡为例,认为黄土泥岩顺层缓倾结构是此地震滑坡产生的内在因素,地处两构造交汇地带为滑坡形成提供内在动力,泥石流异常发育是滑坡形成的主要外部因素,而地震波传播方向与坡体应力场方向耦合、地震波与黄土显微结构的耦合及地震波与突发地下水异常的耦合是该滑坡形成的诱发因素。针对滑坡形成机理提出了防治建议,对认识地震诱发型滑坡形成机理,有效降低地震诱发的次生灾害,促进灾后重建工作有一定指导意义。
Research purposes: The 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake caused a big loss to the people's lives and property.There will be secondary geological disasters period within 10 years after the earthquake.Among the disasters,the landslide is one of the most extensive and harmful disasters.The correct understanding of the landslide formation mechanism caused by earthquake is the base and basis for control of the disaster. Research conclusions:It is concluded that for the Sanjiadi seismic landslide in Longnan city,the slowly inclined structure of the loess mudstone interbedding is the internal factors of producing the landslide,its location in the joint zone of two structure is the internal power of producing the landslide,the abnormal development of debris flow is the main external factor of producing the landslide,and the coupling of seismic wave propagation direction with slope body stress field direction,the coupling of the seismic wave with the loess micro-structure and the coupling of seismic wave with groundwater anomalies are the factors of inducing the seismic loess landside.The proposal is made for control of the landslide according to formation mechanism.It has a certain guiding significance to the understanding of the formation mechanism of earthquake,the effective reduction of the secondary disasters induced by earthquake and the promotion of the post-disaster reconstruction work.
Research purposes: The 5·12 Wenchuan earthquake caused a big loss to the people's lives and property.There will be secondary geological disasters period within 10 years after the earthquake.Among the disasters,the landslide is one of the most extensive and harmful disasters.The correct understanding of the landslide formation mechanism caused by earthquake is the base and basis for control of the disaster. Research conclusions:It is concluded that for the Sanjiadi seismic landslide in Longnan city,the slowly inclined structure of the loess mudstone interbedding is the internal factors of producing the landslide,its location in the joint zone of two structure is the internal power of producing the landslide,the abnormal development of debris flow is the main external factor of producing the landslide,and the coupling of seismic wave propagation direction with slope body stress field direction,the coupling of the seismic wave with the loess micro-structure and the coupling of seismic wave with groundwater anomalies are the factors of inducing the seismic loess landside.The proposal is made for control of the landslide according to formation mechanism.It has a certain guiding significance to the understanding of the formation mechanism of earthquake,the effective reduction of the secondary disasters induced by earthquake and the promotion of the post-disaster reconstruction work.
引文
[1]庄建琦,崔鹏,葛永刚,等.“5.12”汶川地震崩塌滑坡危险性评价—以都汶公路沿线为例[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010(S2):3735-3742.Zhuang Jianqi,Cui Peng,Ge Yonggang,etc.RiskAssessment of Collapses and Landsides Caused by 5.12Wenchuang Earthquake-A Case Study of Dujiangyan-Wenchuang Highway[J].Chinese Journal of RockMechanics and Engineering,2010(S2):3735-3742.
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[3]孔纪名,阿发友,吴文平.汶川地震滑坡类型及典型实例分析[J].水土保持学报,2009(6):66-70.Kong Jiming,A Fayou,Wu Wenping.Typical ExamplesAnalysis the Types of Wenchuan Earthquake Landslide[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2009(6):66-70.
[4]李吉东.平武县大桥镇斩龙垭滑坡抗震减灾思考[J].铁道工程学报,2009(10):8-11.Li Jidong.Thoughts on the Resisting Earthquake andReducting Disaster Caused by Zhanlongya Landslide inDaqiao Town of Pingwu County[J].Journal of RailwayEngineering Society,2009(10):8-11.
[5]李树德,任秀生,岳升阳,等.地震滑坡研究[J].水土保持研究,2001(2):24-25.Li Shude,Ren Xiusheng,Yue Shengyang,etc.Study onEarthquake-landslide[J].Research of Soil and WaterConservation,2001(2):24-25.
[6]许冲,戴福初,徐锡伟.汶川地震滑坡灾害研究综述[J].地质论评,2010(6):860-874.Xu Chong,Dai Fuchu,Xu Xiwei.WenchuanEarthquake-induced Landslides:an Overview[J].Geological Review,2010(6):860-874.
[7]胡广韬.滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.Hu Guangtao.Landslide Dynamics[M].Beijing:Geological press,1995.
[8]毛彦龙,胡广韬,赵法锁,等.地震动触发滑坡体滑动的机理[J].西安工程学院学报,1998(4):45-52.Mao Yanlong,Hu Giangtao,Zhao Fasuo,etc.Mechanics of the Landslides Caused by Seismic[J].Journal of Xi’an Engineering University,1998(4):45-52.
[9]黄雅虹.地震作用下黄土斜坡的稳定性分析预测[J].西北地震学报.1998(3):52-58.Huang Yahong.Prediction of Loess Slopes Stabilityunder Seismic Loading[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,1998(3):52-58.
[10]王家鼎,张倬元.地震诱发高速黄土滑坡的机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,1999(6):670-674.Wang Jiading,Zhang Zhuoyuan.A Study on theMechanism of High-speed Loess Landslide Induced byEarthquake[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,1999(6):670-674.
[11]白铭学,张苏民.高烈度地震时黄土地层的液化移动[J].工程勘察,1990(6):1-5.Bai Mingxue,Zhang Suming.Landslide Induced byLiquefaction of Loessial Soil During Earthquake of HighIntensity[J].Geotechnical Investigation andSurveying,1990(6):1-5.
[12]王家鼎,刘悦.高速黄土滑坡蠕、滑动液化机理的进一步研究[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版).1999(1):79-81.Wang Jiading,Liu Yue.A Further Study on theMechanism of Highspeed loess Landslides in StateCreeping and Sliding Liquefaction[J].Journal ofNorthwest University(Nature Science Edition).1999(1):79-81.
[13]王念秦,罗东海,姚勇.铁路黄土高边坡变形破坏机理及稳定性研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009(7):10-14.Wang Nianqin,Luo Donghai,Yao Yong.Research onDeformation Failure Mechanism and Stability of HighLoess Slope[J].Journal of Railway EngineeringSociety,2009(7):10-14.
[14]许强,李为乐.汶川地震诱发滑坡方向效应研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010(S1):7-14.Xu Qiang,Li Weile.Study on the Direction Effects ofLandslides Triggered by Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering ScienceEdition),2010(S1):7-14.
[15]Sassa.K.Geotechnical Model for the Motion ofLandslides[C]//Special Lecture of 5th InternationalSymposium on Landslides,1988.
[2]吉随旺,唐永建,胡德贵,等.四川省地震灾区国省干线公路典型震害特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009(6):1250-1260.Ji Suiwang,Tang Yongjian,Hu Degui,etc.Analysis ofTypical Seismic Damages of Highways in WenchuangEarthquake-Induced Hazard Areas in SichuanProvince[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics andEngineering,2009(6):1250-1260.
[3]孔纪名,阿发友,吴文平.汶川地震滑坡类型及典型实例分析[J].水土保持学报,2009(6):66-70.Kong Jiming,A Fayou,Wu Wenping.Typical ExamplesAnalysis the Types of Wenchuan Earthquake Landslide[J].Journal of Soil and Water Conservation,2009(6):66-70.
[4]李吉东.平武县大桥镇斩龙垭滑坡抗震减灾思考[J].铁道工程学报,2009(10):8-11.Li Jidong.Thoughts on the Resisting Earthquake andReducting Disaster Caused by Zhanlongya Landslide inDaqiao Town of Pingwu County[J].Journal of RailwayEngineering Society,2009(10):8-11.
[5]李树德,任秀生,岳升阳,等.地震滑坡研究[J].水土保持研究,2001(2):24-25.Li Shude,Ren Xiusheng,Yue Shengyang,etc.Study onEarthquake-landslide[J].Research of Soil and WaterConservation,2001(2):24-25.
[6]许冲,戴福初,徐锡伟.汶川地震滑坡灾害研究综述[J].地质论评,2010(6):860-874.Xu Chong,Dai Fuchu,Xu Xiwei.WenchuanEarthquake-induced Landslides:an Overview[J].Geological Review,2010(6):860-874.
[7]胡广韬.滑坡动力学[M].北京:地质出版社,1995.Hu Guangtao.Landslide Dynamics[M].Beijing:Geological press,1995.
[8]毛彦龙,胡广韬,赵法锁,等.地震动触发滑坡体滑动的机理[J].西安工程学院学报,1998(4):45-52.Mao Yanlong,Hu Giangtao,Zhao Fasuo,etc.Mechanics of the Landslides Caused by Seismic[J].Journal of Xi’an Engineering University,1998(4):45-52.
[9]黄雅虹.地震作用下黄土斜坡的稳定性分析预测[J].西北地震学报.1998(3):52-58.Huang Yahong.Prediction of Loess Slopes Stabilityunder Seismic Loading[J].Northwestern SeismologicalJournal,1998(3):52-58.
[10]王家鼎,张倬元.地震诱发高速黄土滑坡的机理研究[J].岩土工程学报,1999(6):670-674.Wang Jiading,Zhang Zhuoyuan.A Study on theMechanism of High-speed Loess Landslide Induced byEarthquake[J].Chinese Journal of GeotechnicalEngineering,1999(6):670-674.
[11]白铭学,张苏民.高烈度地震时黄土地层的液化移动[J].工程勘察,1990(6):1-5.Bai Mingxue,Zhang Suming.Landslide Induced byLiquefaction of Loessial Soil During Earthquake of HighIntensity[J].Geotechnical Investigation andSurveying,1990(6):1-5.
[12]王家鼎,刘悦.高速黄土滑坡蠕、滑动液化机理的进一步研究[J].西北大学学报(自然科学版).1999(1):79-81.Wang Jiading,Liu Yue.A Further Study on theMechanism of Highspeed loess Landslides in StateCreeping and Sliding Liquefaction[J].Journal ofNorthwest University(Nature Science Edition).1999(1):79-81.
[13]王念秦,罗东海,姚勇.铁路黄土高边坡变形破坏机理及稳定性研究[J].铁道工程学报,2009(7):10-14.Wang Nianqin,Luo Donghai,Yao Yong.Research onDeformation Failure Mechanism and Stability of HighLoess Slope[J].Journal of Railway EngineeringSociety,2009(7):10-14.
[14]许强,李为乐.汶川地震诱发滑坡方向效应研究[J].四川大学学报(工程科学版),2010(S1):7-14.Xu Qiang,Li Weile.Study on the Direction Effects ofLandslides Triggered by Wenchuan Earthquake[J].Journal of Sichuan University(Engineering ScienceEdition),2010(S1):7-14.
[15]Sassa.K.Geotechnical Model for the Motion ofLandslides[C]//Special Lecture of 5th InternationalSymposium on Landslides,1988.
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