琼东南盆地北礁凹陷崖城组沉积与烃源岩发育特征
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摘要
北礁凹陷位于琼东南盆地深水区,被多个凸起包围,值得展开探索,以期能为深水区寻找到新的勘探领域。用比较分析的方法,通过精细解剖研究程度相对较高的崖北凹陷崖城组,分析其地震反射特征等,得到北礁凹陷崖城组的沉积及烃源岩特征。再结合北礁凹陷已钻井烃源岩地球化学指标、凹陷地热特征及凹陷周缘凸起的储盖组合等,深入分析了北礁凹陷的勘探潜力。通过研究得到如下结论:北礁凹陷裂谷期为半地堑结构,崖城组洼陷面积为1 400km2,最大厚度为2 150m;与崖北凹陷崖城组具有相似的古地貌、地震反射特征及沉积特征,为海陆过渡相潟湖—潮坪环境,潮坪相煤系地层为烃源岩的主要来源,潟湖相泥岩为重要的烃源岩来源;钻井已证实北礁凹陷崖城组能生成高成熟煤型气,且凹陷周缘发育多套储盖组合,该凹陷具有较好的勘探潜力。
Beijiao Sag lies in the deepwater of Qiongdongnan Basin.It is surrounded by some uplifts and deserves researching in order to find a new exploration area.Using comparative analysis method,by dissecting Yacheng Formation in Yabei Sag carefully,we can know sedimentation and source rock characteristics of Yacheng Formation in Beijiao Sag.Combined with drilling wells′ geochemical index,geothermal characteristics,reservoir-caprock assemblage,we evaluated the exploration potential of Beijiao Sag and obtained the following conclusions.During rifting stage,Beijiao Sag was a half graben.The sub-sag of Yacheng Formation has an area of 1 400km2 and maximum thickness of 2 150m.Compared to the Yacheng Formation of the Yabei Sag,it has similar ancient landform,seismic reflection and sedimentation characteristics.The deposition environment belongs to marine-terrestrial transitional lagoon-tidal flat facies.Coal measure from tidal flat is the dominant source rock,and the lagoon mudstone is important source rock as well.Drilling wells have proved Beijiao Sag can form highly mature coal-derived gas and there are many sets of reservoir-caprock assemblages around the sag.This sag has good exploration potential.
Beijiao Sag lies in the deepwater of Qiongdongnan Basin.It is surrounded by some uplifts and deserves researching in order to find a new exploration area.Using comparative analysis method,by dissecting Yacheng Formation in Yabei Sag carefully,we can know sedimentation and source rock characteristics of Yacheng Formation in Beijiao Sag.Combined with drilling wells′ geochemical index,geothermal characteristics,reservoir-caprock assemblage,we evaluated the exploration potential of Beijiao Sag and obtained the following conclusions.During rifting stage,Beijiao Sag was a half graben.The sub-sag of Yacheng Formation has an area of 1 400km2 and maximum thickness of 2 150m.Compared to the Yacheng Formation of the Yabei Sag,it has similar ancient landform,seismic reflection and sedimentation characteristics.The deposition environment belongs to marine-terrestrial transitional lagoon-tidal flat facies.Coal measure from tidal flat is the dominant source rock,and the lagoon mudstone is important source rock as well.Drilling wells have proved Beijiao Sag can form highly mature coal-derived gas and there are many sets of reservoir-caprock assemblages around the sag.This sag has good exploration potential.
引文
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[2]Zhang Gongcheng,Mi Lijun,Wu Jingfu,et al.Rises and theirplunges:Favorable exploration direction for major fidlds inthe deepwater area,Diongdongnan Basin[J].China OffshoreOil and Gas,2010,22(6):360-368.[张功成,米立军,吴景富,等.凸起及其倾没端—琼东南盆地深水区大中型油气田有利勘探方向[J].中国海上油气,2010,22(6):360-368.]
[3]Tao Weixiang,Zhao Zhigang,He Shibi,et al.Petroleum geo-logical conditions and exploration prospects in deepwater areaof northwestern South China Sea[J].Geosicientia Sinica,2005,26(4):359-364.[陶维祥,赵志刚,何仕斌,等.南海北部深水西区石油地质特征及勘探前景[J].地球学报,2005,26(4):359-364.]
[4]Zhu Weilin,Zhang Gongcheng,Gao Le.Geological characteristicsand exploration objectives of hydrocarbons in the northern conti-nental margin basin of South China Sea[J].Petrolei Sinica,2008,29(1):1-9.[朱伟林,张功成,高乐.南海北部大陆边缘盆地油气地质特征与勘探方向[J].石油学报,2008,29(1):1-9.]
[5]Zhang Gongcheng,Zhu Weilin,Mi Lijun,et al.The Theory ofhydrocarbon genernation controlled by source rock and heatfrom circle distribution of outside oil fields and inside gasfields in South China Sea[J].Acta Sedimentologica Sinica,2010,28(5):987-1005.[张功成,朱伟林,米立军,等.“源热共控论”:来自南海海域油气田“外油内气”环带有序分布的新认识[J].沉积学报,2010,28(5):987-1005.]
[6]Zhu Weilin,Zhang Gongcheng,Zhong Kai,et al.South ChinaSea:Oil and gas outlook[J].Engineering Sciences,2010,12(5):46-50.[朱伟林,张功成,钟锴,等.中国南海油气资源前景[J].中国工程科学,2010,12(5):46-50.]
[7]Zhang Gongcheng,He Yuping,Shen Huailei.Distribution ofYacheng Formation coal measure in Yabei Sag in QiongdongnanBasin[J].Natural Gas Geoscience,2012,23(4):654-661.[张功成,何玉平,沈怀磊.琼东南盆地崖北凹陷崖城组煤系烃源岩分布及其意义[J].天然气地球科学,2012,23(4):654-661.]
[8]Zhang Gongcheng,Chen Guojun,Zhang Houhe,et al.Regulardistribution of inside-oil and outside-gas fields controlled bysource rocks and heat in China offshore basins[J].Acta Sedi-mentologica Sinica,2012,30(1):1-19.[张功成,陈国俊,张厚和,等.“源热共控”中国近海盆地油气田“内油外气”有序分布[J].沉积学报,2012,30(1):1-19.]
[9]Mi Lijun,Yuan Yusong,Zhang Gongcheng,et al.Characteris-tics and genesis of geothermal field in deep-water area of thenorthern South China Sea[J].Acta Petrolei Sinica,2009,30(1):27-32.[米立军,袁玉松,张功成,等.南海北部深水区地热特征及其成因[J].石油学报,2009,30(1):27-32.]
[10]Huang Baojia,Li Xushen,Wang Zhenfeng,et al.Source rock geo-chemistry and gas potential in the deep water area,QiongdongnanBasin[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas,2012,24(4):1-7.[黄保家,李绪深,王振峰,等.琼东南盆地深水区烃源岩地球化学特征与天然气潜力[J].中国海上油气,2012,24(4):1-7.]
[11]Wei Kuisheng,Chu Meijuan,Cui Yingkai,et al.Characteristics oftime-space combination of lowstand system tracts and their explo-ration significance in eastern Qiongdongnan Basin[J].Oil and GasGeology,2004,25(6):650-655.[魏魁生,楚美娟,崔颖凯,等.琼东南盆地东部低位体系域的时空组合特征及油气勘探意义[J].石油与天然气地质,2004,25(6):650-655.]
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