珠江口盆地白云凹陷裂后异常沉降研究及成因分析
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摘要
南海北部大陆边缘的许多盆地都发现了裂后沉降异常,位于深水陆坡区的白云凹陷是其中的典型代表。本文采用盆模软件Temis Suite 2007对穿过白云凹陷的3条地震剖面进行回剥分析,观测其不同时间基底的垂向运动特征,并将其与MCKENZIE经典拉张模型计算的理论裂后沉降值进行对比,发现白云主凹中心的裂后异常沉降量最大超过2.6km,白云南凹最大异常沉降量接近2km,高于白云凹陷北部边缘的异常沉降。凹陷东部的裂后沉降作用强于凹陷西部。对沉降曲线的研究发现,白云凹陷在中中新世(16.5～10.5Ma)期间有一段沉降明显加速的过程,白云南凹尤为明显,可能与南海扩张停止事件有关。白云凹陷发育了巨厚的沉积,并且呈韧性伸展状态,本文认为下地壳流可能是导致白云凹陷裂后异常沉降最主要的因素。
Post-rift subsiding anomalies have been discovered in many basins in the northern continental margin of South China Sea,of which Baiyun Sag is a typical one.We used software Temis Suite 2007 to build the backstripping model of three NNW—SEE-oriented seismic profiles crossing the Baiyun Sag,and analyzed the post-rift subsidence.The results show that the Baiyun Sag experienced anomalous post-rift subsidence.Compared with the Mckenzie's classic port-rift subsidence model,the Main Baiyun Sag subsided over 2.6 km deeper and the Southern Baiyun Sag subsided nearly 2 km.An accelerated subsidence stage could be conducted during 16.5~10.5 Ma,which might relate to the end of sea-floor spreading in the South China Sea.The ductile extension and extreme quick and thick deposition in the Baiyun Sag indicate that the lower-crustal flow might have been the mechanism for the anomaly subsidence.
Post-rift subsiding anomalies have been discovered in many basins in the northern continental margin of South China Sea,of which Baiyun Sag is a typical one.We used software Temis Suite 2007 to build the backstripping model of three NNW—SEE-oriented seismic profiles crossing the Baiyun Sag,and analyzed the post-rift subsidence.The results show that the Baiyun Sag experienced anomalous post-rift subsidence.Compared with the Mckenzie's classic port-rift subsidence model,the Main Baiyun Sag subsided over 2.6 km deeper and the Southern Baiyun Sag subsided nearly 2 km.An accelerated subsidence stage could be conducted during 16.5~10.5 Ma,which might relate to the end of sea-floor spreading in the South China Sea.The ductile extension and extreme quick and thick deposition in the Baiyun Sag indicate that the lower-crustal flow might have been the mechanism for the anomaly subsidence.
引文
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[5]LIAO Jie,ZHOU Di,ZHAO Zhong-xian,et al.Numerical mod-eling of the anomalous post-rift subsidence in the Baiyun Sag,Pearl River Mouth Basin[J].Scientia Sinica Terrae,2011,41(4):504-517.廖杰,周蒂,赵中贤,等.珠江口盆地白云凹陷裂后异常沉降的数值模拟[J].中国科学:地球科学,2011,41(4):504-517.
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[20]CLIFT P,LIN J.Preferential mantle lithospheric extension un-der the South China margin[J].Marine and Petroleum Geology,2001,18:929-945.
[21]PANG Xiong,CHEN Chang-min,WU Meng-shuang,et al.The Pearl River Deep—water Fan Systems and Significant Geo-logical Events[J].Advances in Earth Science,2006,21(8):793-799.庞雄,陈长民,吴梦霜,等.珠江深水扇系统沉积和周边重要地质事件[J].地球科学进展,2006,21(8):793-799.
[22]QIN Guo-quan.Late Cenozoic sequence stratigraphy and sea-lev-el changes in Pearl River Mouth Basin,South China Sea[J].China Offshore Oil and Gas(Geology),2002,16(1):1-11.秦国权.珠江口盆地新生代晚期层序地层划分和海平面变化[J].中国海上油气(地质),2002,16(1):1-11.
[23]PANG Xiong,CHEN Chang-min,SHI He-sheng,et al.Re-sponse between relative sea-level change and the Pearl Riverdeep-water fan system in the South China Sea[J].Earth ScienceFrontiers,2005,12(3):167-177.庞雄,陈长民,施和生,等.相对海平面变化与南海珠江深水扇系统的响应[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):167-177.
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