水相变控油气初论
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摘要
油气的有机成因论和无机成因论都有各自的立论依据,但都存在一些不能圆满解释的现象,应用热液矿床水相变控藏(矿)理论来分析油气成因,可能能够给出较好的解释,至少可以提供一些新的思路。水相变控油气论认为油气生成和运移是与水混合在一起进行的,可把油气当作一种特殊的热液矿产;当地壳局部区域为封闭体系时,按上地壳地温线,油、气、水组成的热液为液相,而当遇到断裂或褶皱等造成局部降压后,含油气水的热液体系就会发生水与油气的相变分离,从而形成油气藏。由此分析了油气成因中与热液成矿作用相关的现象,并用岩石圈中水的相变规律,初步解释了油气、低速高导层、热液金属矿床、地球排气和地震等成因的统一性。
Both the organic genesis theory and inorganic genesis theory on the formation of oil and gas have their own evidences,but any one always has some phenomena not to be satisfactorily explained.In the study of the genesis of oil and gas,the theory of water phase transition controlling hydrothermal mineralization may give a better explanation,or at least provide some new ideas.According to the theory of water phase transitions controlling the formation of oil and gas,the generation and migration of oil and gas are always mixed with water together,even the hydrocarbon is as a special hydrothermal mineral.Under a closed system in the crust,according to the upper crust hydrothermal geothermal lines,the fluid mixed hydrocarbon with water is the liquid phase.But when pressure reduction caused by the fault or fold,the fluid system will take place the separation of water and hydrocarbon,and result in the formation of oil and gas reservoirs.Bases the theory,this paper analyzed the phenomena related with hydrothermal mineralization in the formation of oil and gas.With the laws of water phase transitions in the lithosphere,this paper also explained briefly the geneses oneness of the formation of oil and gas,hydrothermal metal ore-deposit,the low velocity-high conductivity layer,the earth degassing and the earthquakes.
Both the organic genesis theory and inorganic genesis theory on the formation of oil and gas have their own evidences,but any one always has some phenomena not to be satisfactorily explained.In the study of the genesis of oil and gas,the theory of water phase transition controlling hydrothermal mineralization may give a better explanation,or at least provide some new ideas.According to the theory of water phase transitions controlling the formation of oil and gas,the generation and migration of oil and gas are always mixed with water together,even the hydrocarbon is as a special hydrothermal mineral.Under a closed system in the crust,according to the upper crust hydrothermal geothermal lines,the fluid mixed hydrocarbon with water is the liquid phase.But when pressure reduction caused by the fault or fold,the fluid system will take place the separation of water and hydrocarbon,and result in the formation of oil and gas reservoirs.Bases the theory,this paper analyzed the phenomena related with hydrothermal mineralization in the formation of oil and gas.With the laws of water phase transitions in the lithosphere,this paper also explained briefly the geneses oneness of the formation of oil and gas,hydrothermal metal ore-deposit,the low velocity-high conductivity layer,the earth degassing and the earthquakes.
引文
[1]张景廉.油气“倒灌”论质疑[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(3):122-128.
[2]潘建国,郝芳,张虎权,等.花岗岩和火山岩油气藏的形成及其勘探潜力[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(3):380-385.
[3]刘嘉麒,孟凡超.火山作用与油气成藏[J].天然气工业,2009,29(8):1-4.
[4]周动力,董青松.火成岩油气储层特征及形成浅析[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(4):80-84.
[5]李庆忠.打破思想禁锢,重新审视生油理论——关于生油理论的争鸣[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(1):75-83.
[6]郭占谦.从全球油气田分布看我国东南沿海火山岩覆盖区的含油气前景[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(2):122-132.
[7]李传亮.油气倒灌不可能发生[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):
6-10.
[8]李传亮.气水可以倒置吗?[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(2):128-132.
[9]张景廉.再论油气与金属(非金属)矿床的相互关系[J].铀矿地质,1997,13(1):13-18.
[10]胡宝群,王方正.岩石圈中四个与水有关的重要温度[J].地学前缘,2001,8(3):110.
[11]胡宝群,吕古贤,王方正,等.水的临界奇异性及其对热液铀成矿作用的意义[J].铀矿地质,2008,24(3):129-136.
[12]胡宝群,吕古贤,王方正,等.水的相变:热液成矿作用的重要控制因素之一[J].地质论评,2009,55(5):722-730.
[13]胡宝群,吕古贤,孙占学,等.热液矿床水相变控矿理论初探[J].地质通报,2011,30(4):565-572.
[14]郝石生,张振英.天然气在地层水中的溶解度变化特征及地质意义[J].石油学报,1993,14(2):12-21.
[15]付晓泰,王振平,卢双舫.气体在水中的溶解机理及溶解度方程[J].中国科学(B辑),1996,26(2):124-130.
[16]陈沪生.积极开展无机成因油气领域的勘查——无机成因油气是油气资源战略后备领域[J].石油实验地质,1998,20(1):1-5.
[17]王志欣,张一伟.油气地质演化过程中的渐变与突变[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(4):34-38.
[18]华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2):77-85.
[19]华保钦,林锡祥,杨小梅.天然气二次运移和聚集研究[J].天然气地球科学,1994,5(4):1-37.
[20]孙永河,付晓飞,吕延防,等.地震泵抽吸作用与油气运聚成藏物理模拟[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(1):98-104.
[21]尹伟,吴胜和,王子煜,等.油气差异泵吸作用机理探讨——以泌阳凹陷为例[J].地学前缘,2003,10(4):619-628.
[22]陆廷清,苏培东,常健民,等.负压空吸作用是油气藏的成藏机制之一[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):116-118.
[23]赵靖舟.幕式成藏理论的提出及其勘探意义[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(4):315-320.
[24]于翠玲,曾溅辉.断层幕式活动期和间歇期流体运移与油气成藏特征[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2):129-133.
[25]赵靖舟.幕式成藏的机理和规律探讨[J].天然气工业,2006,26(3):9-11.
[26]胡文瑄,金之钧,张义杰,等.油气幕式成藏的矿物学和地球化学记录——以准噶尔盆地西北缘油藏为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4):442-450.
[27]张景廉,赵应成,王新民,等.大气田形成的一些控制因素探讨[J].海相油气地质,1999,4(1):43-48.
[28]杜建国,张友联,谢鸿森,等.油气成因理论研究进展[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,1996,15(2):124-127.
[29]张景廉,王先彬,曹正林.热液烃的生成与深部油气藏[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(5):545-552.
[30]Dutkiewicz A,Resmussen B,Buick R.Oil preserved in fluid inclusions in Archaean sandstones[J].Nature,1998,395:885-888.
[31]Hoffmann C F,Henley R W,Higgins N C,et al.Biogenic hydrocarbons in fluid inclusions from the Aberfoyle tin-tungsten deposit,Tasmania,Australia[J].Chemical Geology,1998,70:287-299.
[32]刘池洋.热力作用的地质、成矿(藏)效应及其判识[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):725-733.
[33]张景廉,于均民.论中地壳及其地质意义[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):90-94.
[34]胡宝群,吕古贤,王方正,等.岩石圈中水的临界奇异性与断裂耦合触发地震[J].地震地质,2009,31(2):218-225.
[35]荣代潞.地壳中流体临界温度的重要作用——论“多震层”的成因及大震前兆[C]∥马宗晋.大陆多震层研究.北京:地震出版社,1992:167-173.
[36]耿庆国.破坏性地震短期临震预测的一个有效方法——关于短期临震气象要素五项指标异常[J].国际地震动态,2005,(5):117-124.
[37]杜乐天.地球排气作用的重大意义及研究进展[J].地质论评,2005,51(2):174-180.
[2]潘建国,郝芳,张虎权,等.花岗岩和火山岩油气藏的形成及其勘探潜力[J].天然气地球科学,2007,18(3):380-385.
[3]刘嘉麒,孟凡超.火山作用与油气成藏[J].天然气工业,2009,29(8):1-4.
[4]周动力,董青松.火成岩油气储层特征及形成浅析[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(4):80-84.
[5]李庆忠.打破思想禁锢,重新审视生油理论——关于生油理论的争鸣[J].新疆石油地质,2003,24(1):75-83.
[6]郭占谦.从全球油气田分布看我国东南沿海火山岩覆盖区的含油气前景[J].石油实验地质,2001,23(2):122-132.
[7]李传亮.油气倒灌不可能发生[J].岩性油气藏,2009,21(1):
6-10.
[8]李传亮.气水可以倒置吗?[J].岩性油气藏,2010,22(2):128-132.
[9]张景廉.再论油气与金属(非金属)矿床的相互关系[J].铀矿地质,1997,13(1):13-18.
[10]胡宝群,王方正.岩石圈中四个与水有关的重要温度[J].地学前缘,2001,8(3):110.
[11]胡宝群,吕古贤,王方正,等.水的临界奇异性及其对热液铀成矿作用的意义[J].铀矿地质,2008,24(3):129-136.
[12]胡宝群,吕古贤,王方正,等.水的相变:热液成矿作用的重要控制因素之一[J].地质论评,2009,55(5):722-730.
[13]胡宝群,吕古贤,孙占学,等.热液矿床水相变控矿理论初探[J].地质通报,2011,30(4):565-572.
[14]郝石生,张振英.天然气在地层水中的溶解度变化特征及地质意义[J].石油学报,1993,14(2):12-21.
[15]付晓泰,王振平,卢双舫.气体在水中的溶解机理及溶解度方程[J].中国科学(B辑),1996,26(2):124-130.
[16]陈沪生.积极开展无机成因油气领域的勘查——无机成因油气是油气资源战略后备领域[J].石油实验地质,1998,20(1):1-5.
[17]王志欣,张一伟.油气地质演化过程中的渐变与突变[J].石油大学学报:自然科学版,2000,24(4):34-38.
[18]华保钦.构造应力场、地震泵和油气运移[J].沉积学报,1995,13(2):77-85.
[19]华保钦,林锡祥,杨小梅.天然气二次运移和聚集研究[J].天然气地球科学,1994,5(4):1-37.
[20]孙永河,付晓飞,吕延防,等.地震泵抽吸作用与油气运聚成藏物理模拟[J].吉林大学学报:地球科学版,2007,37(1):98-104.
[21]尹伟,吴胜和,王子煜,等.油气差异泵吸作用机理探讨——以泌阳凹陷为例[J].地学前缘,2003,10(4):619-628.
[22]陆廷清,苏培东,常健民,等.负压空吸作用是油气藏的成藏机制之一[J].石油勘探与开发,2003,30(5):116-118.
[23]赵靖舟.幕式成藏理论的提出及其勘探意义[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(4):315-320.
[24]于翠玲,曾溅辉.断层幕式活动期和间歇期流体运移与油气成藏特征[J].石油实验地质,2005,27(2):129-133.
[25]赵靖舟.幕式成藏的机理和规律探讨[J].天然气工业,2006,26(3):9-11.
[26]胡文瑄,金之钧,张义杰,等.油气幕式成藏的矿物学和地球化学记录——以准噶尔盆地西北缘油藏为例[J].石油与天然气地质,2006,27(4):442-450.
[27]张景廉,赵应成,王新民,等.大气田形成的一些控制因素探讨[J].海相油气地质,1999,4(1):43-48.
[28]杜建国,张友联,谢鸿森,等.油气成因理论研究进展[J].矿物岩石地球化学通报,1996,15(2):124-127.
[29]张景廉,王先彬,曹正林.热液烃的生成与深部油气藏[J].地球科学进展,2000,15(5):545-552.
[30]Dutkiewicz A,Resmussen B,Buick R.Oil preserved in fluid inclusions in Archaean sandstones[J].Nature,1998,395:885-888.
[31]Hoffmann C F,Henley R W,Higgins N C,et al.Biogenic hydrocarbons in fluid inclusions from the Aberfoyle tin-tungsten deposit,Tasmania,Australia[J].Chemical Geology,1998,70:287-299.
[32]刘池洋.热力作用的地质、成矿(藏)效应及其判识[J].石油与天然气地质,2010,31(6):725-733.
[33]张景廉,于均民.论中地壳及其地质意义[J].新疆石油地质,2004,25(1):90-94.
[34]胡宝群,吕古贤,王方正,等.岩石圈中水的临界奇异性与断裂耦合触发地震[J].地震地质,2009,31(2):218-225.
[35]荣代潞.地壳中流体临界温度的重要作用——论“多震层”的成因及大震前兆[C]∥马宗晋.大陆多震层研究.北京:地震出版社,1992:167-173.
[36]耿庆国.破坏性地震短期临震预测的一个有效方法——关于短期临震气象要素五项指标异常[J].国际地震动态,2005,(5):117-124.
[37]杜乐天.地球排气作用的重大意义及研究进展[J].地质论评,2005,51(2):174-180.
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