利用地脉动信息约束沉积层区域台站下方速度结构反演
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摘要
利用接收函数和地震面波频散联合反演台站下方速度结构,已成为一种常用技术.联合反演结果能同时匹配两个不同数据集合,使得解的非唯一性在一定程度上得到了有效抑制.然而对于现有地震台站分布,短周期面波由于受多种因素的影响,可以获得的有效频散资料较少,层析成像的横向分辨率较低,难以反映台站附近局部介质真实的频散特性,而且这些面波频散与接收函数在不同深度上反映的空间范围也存在一定的差异,在横向构造变化复杂的沉积层地区,二者往往很难同时得到较好的拟合.因此联合反演应尽可能采用反映相同空间上介质信息的约束资料.2009年5月,我们分别在冀北高原和华北平原沉积层区域的两个流动地震台站附近,布设了小孔径台阵进行地脉动观测.采用空间自相关方法获得高频相速度频散曲线,并作为浅部速度结构约束条件运用于沉积层区域接收函数与面波的联合反演.结果表明,高频相速度频散曲线的约束有可能明显提高沉积层地区速度结构反演的稳定性和可靠性.
The joint inversion of receiver functions and seismic surface wave dispersion has become a common technique to study the velocity structure beneath stations.The results can simultaneously match the two data sets of different resolution so that the non-uniqueness of solution has been effectively suppressed in a certain extent.However,for the present distribution of seismic stations,due to many factors,there are less effective short-period surface wave dispersion data.The horizontal resolutions of seismic tomography are low,so it is difficult to reflect the real dispersion characteristics of the local media near stations.The spatial extents reflected by these surface wave dispersions and receiver functions at different depths are also different,especially in the sedimentary region with complex lateral variations,where receiver functions and surface wave dispersion can not simultaneously achieve a good fitting result.So the constraint data,which can reflect information of media in the same spatial extent,should be used as far as possible for joint inversion.In May of 2009,we laid a small-aperture seismic array for micro-seismic observation near two mobile seismic stations in a sedimentary region on the plateau of northern Hebei province and in North China Plain,and obtained high-frequency phase velocity dispersion curves by spatial autocorrelation method.The micro-seismic dispersion curves are used as constraint on shallow velocity structure for the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves in sedimentary region.The inversion result shows that the constraint of high-frequency phase velocity dispersion curves may obviously improve the stability and reliability of the inversion for velocity structure in sedimentary region.
The joint inversion of receiver functions and seismic surface wave dispersion has become a common technique to study the velocity structure beneath stations.The results can simultaneously match the two data sets of different resolution so that the non-uniqueness of solution has been effectively suppressed in a certain extent.However,for the present distribution of seismic stations,due to many factors,there are less effective short-period surface wave dispersion data.The horizontal resolutions of seismic tomography are low,so it is difficult to reflect the real dispersion characteristics of the local media near stations.The spatial extents reflected by these surface wave dispersions and receiver functions at different depths are also different,especially in the sedimentary region with complex lateral variations,where receiver functions and surface wave dispersion can not simultaneously achieve a good fitting result.So the constraint data,which can reflect information of media in the same spatial extent,should be used as far as possible for joint inversion.In May of 2009,we laid a small-aperture seismic array for micro-seismic observation near two mobile seismic stations in a sedimentary region on the plateau of northern Hebei province and in North China Plain,and obtained high-frequency phase velocity dispersion curves by spatial autocorrelation method.The micro-seismic dispersion curves are used as constraint on shallow velocity structure for the joint inversion of receiver functions and surface waves in sedimentary region.The inversion result shows that the constraint of high-frequency phase velocity dispersion curves may obviously improve the stability and reliability of the inversion for velocity structure in sedimentary region.
引文
邓晋福,魏文博等.2007.中国华北地区岩石圈三维结构及演化[M].北京:地质出版社:1--287.
何正勤,丁志峰,贾辉,叶太兰.2007.用微动中的面波信息探测地壳浅部的速度结构[J].地球物理学报,50(2):492--498.
胡家富,朱雄关,夏静瑜,陈赟.2005.利用面波和接收函数联合反演滇西地区壳幔速度结构[J].地球物理学报,48(5):1069--1076.
李松林,张先康,宋占隆,石金虎,邓宏钊,杨健,张成科,任青芳.2001.多条人工地震测深剖面资料联合反演首都圈三维地壳构造[J].地球物理学报,44(3):360--368.
沈伟森,罗艳,倪四道,崇加军,陈颙.2010.天然地震频率范围内首都圈地区近地表S波速度结构[J].地震学报,32(2):137--146.
师黎静,陶夏新,赵纪生.2006.地脉动台阵方法的有效性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,25(8):1683--1690.
松岛健,罔田厷,刘竹年.1991.利用长周期脉动推定深层地基构造[J].世界地震工程,7(4):62--67.
王伟君,刘澜波,陈棋福,张杰.2009.应用微动H/V谱比法和台阵技术探测场地响应和浅层速度结构[J].地球物理学报,52(6):1515--1525.
王未来,吴建平,房立华.2009.唐海—商都地震台阵剖面下方的地壳上地幔S波速度结构研究[J].地球物理学报,52(1):81--89.
王振东.1986.微动的空间自相关法及其实用技术[J].物探与化探,10(2):123--133.
王振东.1990.微动应用技术讲座[J].国外地质勘探技术,(4):12--16.
吴建平,明跃红,贺传松.2001a.S波速度结构的接受函数与面波资料联合反演[C]∥中国地球物理学会第十七届年会论文集.昆明:云南科技出版社:256.
吴建平,明跃红,曾融生.2001b.遗传算法中的光滑约束反演及其在青藏高原面波研究中的应用[J].地震学报,23(1):45--54.
吴庆举,田小波,张乃铃,李卫平,曾融生.2003.计算台站接收函数的最大熵谱反褶积方法[J].地震学报,25(4):382--389.
叶太兰.2004.微动台阵探测技术及其应用研究[J].中国地震,20(1):47--52.
Aki K.1957.Space and time spectra of stationary stochastic waves with special reference to microtremors[J].BullEarthq Res Inst,35:415--457.
Ammon C J,Randall G E,Zandt G.1990.On the nonuniqueness of receiver function inversions[J].J Geophys Res,95(B10):95303--15318.
Arai H,Tokimatsu K.2004.S-wave velocity profiling byjoint inversion of microtremor dispersion curve and Horizontal-to-Vertical(H/V)spectrum[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,94(1):53--63.
Capon J.1969.High-resolution frequency-wavenumber spectrumanalysis[J].Proceedings ofthe IEEE,57(8):1408--1418.
Estrella HF,Gonzalez J A.2003.SPAC:An alternative method to estimate earthquake site effects in Mexico City[J].Geofisica Internacional,42(2):227--236.
Horike M.1985.Inversion of phase velocity of long-period microtremors to the S-wave-velocity structure down to thebasement in urbanized areas[J].J Phys Earth,33:59--96.
Julia J,Ammon CJ,Herrmann R B,Correig A M.2000.Joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersionobservations[J].Geophys J Int,143:99--112.
Kawase H,Satoh T,Iwata T,Irikura K.1998.S-wave velocity structures in the San Fernando and Santa Monica areas[C]∥Proc ofthe2nd International Symposiumon Effects of Surface Geology on Seismic Motions,Tokyo,Japan,2:733--740.
Langston C A.1977.The effect of planar dipping structure on source and receiver responses for constant ray parameter[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,67(4):1029--1050.
Langston C A.1979.Structure under Mount Rainier,Washington,inferredfromteleseismic body waves[J].J GeophysRes,84(B9):4749--4762.
Langston C A.1981.Evidence for the subductinglithosphere under southern Vancouver Island and western Oregonfromteleseismic P wave conversions[J].J Geophys Res,86(B5):3857--3866.
Liu HP,Boore D M,Joyner WB,Oppenheimer D H,Warrick R E,Zhang WB,Hamilton J C,Brown L T.2000.Comparison of phase velocities fromarray measurements of Rayleigh waves associated with microtremor and resultscalculated fromborehole shear-wave velocity profiles[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,90(3):666--678.
Matsushima T,Okada H.1990.Determination of deep geological structures under urban areas using long-period micro-tremors[J].Butsuri-Tansa,43(1):21--33.
Okada H,Matsushima T,Moriya T,Sasatani T.1990.An exploration technique usinglong-period microtremors for de-termination of deep geological structures under urbanized areas[J].Butsuri-Tansa,43:402--417.
Owens TJ,Zandt G,Taylor S R.1984.Seismic evidence for an ancient rift beneath the Cumberland Plateau,Tennes-see:Adetailed analysis of broadband teleseismic P waveforms[J].J Geophys Res,89(B9):7783--7795.
Satoh T,Kawase H,Iwata T,Higashi S,Sato T,Irikura K,Huang H C.2001.S-wave velocity structure of the Tal-chung Basin,Tai wan,estimated fromarray and single station records of microtremors[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,91(5):1267--1282.
Xu Y,Wiens D A.1997.Upper mantle structure of the southwest Pacific fromregional waveforminversion[J].J Geo-phys Res,102(B12):27439--27451.
Yanovskaya T B,Dit mar P G.1990.Smoothness criteria in surface wave tomography[J].Geophys J Int,102:63--72.
何正勤,丁志峰,贾辉,叶太兰.2007.用微动中的面波信息探测地壳浅部的速度结构[J].地球物理学报,50(2):492--498.
胡家富,朱雄关,夏静瑜,陈赟.2005.利用面波和接收函数联合反演滇西地区壳幔速度结构[J].地球物理学报,48(5):1069--1076.
李松林,张先康,宋占隆,石金虎,邓宏钊,杨健,张成科,任青芳.2001.多条人工地震测深剖面资料联合反演首都圈三维地壳构造[J].地球物理学报,44(3):360--368.
沈伟森,罗艳,倪四道,崇加军,陈颙.2010.天然地震频率范围内首都圈地区近地表S波速度结构[J].地震学报,32(2):137--146.
师黎静,陶夏新,赵纪生.2006.地脉动台阵方法的有效性分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,25(8):1683--1690.
松岛健,罔田厷,刘竹年.1991.利用长周期脉动推定深层地基构造[J].世界地震工程,7(4):62--67.
王伟君,刘澜波,陈棋福,张杰.2009.应用微动H/V谱比法和台阵技术探测场地响应和浅层速度结构[J].地球物理学报,52(6):1515--1525.
王未来,吴建平,房立华.2009.唐海—商都地震台阵剖面下方的地壳上地幔S波速度结构研究[J].地球物理学报,52(1):81--89.
王振东.1986.微动的空间自相关法及其实用技术[J].物探与化探,10(2):123--133.
王振东.1990.微动应用技术讲座[J].国外地质勘探技术,(4):12--16.
吴建平,明跃红,贺传松.2001a.S波速度结构的接受函数与面波资料联合反演[C]∥中国地球物理学会第十七届年会论文集.昆明:云南科技出版社:256.
吴建平,明跃红,曾融生.2001b.遗传算法中的光滑约束反演及其在青藏高原面波研究中的应用[J].地震学报,23(1):45--54.
吴庆举,田小波,张乃铃,李卫平,曾融生.2003.计算台站接收函数的最大熵谱反褶积方法[J].地震学报,25(4):382--389.
叶太兰.2004.微动台阵探测技术及其应用研究[J].中国地震,20(1):47--52.
Aki K.1957.Space and time spectra of stationary stochastic waves with special reference to microtremors[J].BullEarthq Res Inst,35:415--457.
Ammon C J,Randall G E,Zandt G.1990.On the nonuniqueness of receiver function inversions[J].J Geophys Res,95(B10):95303--15318.
Arai H,Tokimatsu K.2004.S-wave velocity profiling byjoint inversion of microtremor dispersion curve and Horizontal-to-Vertical(H/V)spectrum[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,94(1):53--63.
Capon J.1969.High-resolution frequency-wavenumber spectrumanalysis[J].Proceedings ofthe IEEE,57(8):1408--1418.
Estrella HF,Gonzalez J A.2003.SPAC:An alternative method to estimate earthquake site effects in Mexico City[J].Geofisica Internacional,42(2):227--236.
Horike M.1985.Inversion of phase velocity of long-period microtremors to the S-wave-velocity structure down to thebasement in urbanized areas[J].J Phys Earth,33:59--96.
Julia J,Ammon CJ,Herrmann R B,Correig A M.2000.Joint inversion of receiver function and surface wave dispersionobservations[J].Geophys J Int,143:99--112.
Kawase H,Satoh T,Iwata T,Irikura K.1998.S-wave velocity structures in the San Fernando and Santa Monica areas[C]∥Proc ofthe2nd International Symposiumon Effects of Surface Geology on Seismic Motions,Tokyo,Japan,2:733--740.
Langston C A.1977.The effect of planar dipping structure on source and receiver responses for constant ray parameter[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,67(4):1029--1050.
Langston C A.1979.Structure under Mount Rainier,Washington,inferredfromteleseismic body waves[J].J GeophysRes,84(B9):4749--4762.
Langston C A.1981.Evidence for the subductinglithosphere under southern Vancouver Island and western Oregonfromteleseismic P wave conversions[J].J Geophys Res,86(B5):3857--3866.
Liu HP,Boore D M,Joyner WB,Oppenheimer D H,Warrick R E,Zhang WB,Hamilton J C,Brown L T.2000.Comparison of phase velocities fromarray measurements of Rayleigh waves associated with microtremor and resultscalculated fromborehole shear-wave velocity profiles[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,90(3):666--678.
Matsushima T,Okada H.1990.Determination of deep geological structures under urban areas using long-period micro-tremors[J].Butsuri-Tansa,43(1):21--33.
Okada H,Matsushima T,Moriya T,Sasatani T.1990.An exploration technique usinglong-period microtremors for de-termination of deep geological structures under urbanized areas[J].Butsuri-Tansa,43:402--417.
Owens TJ,Zandt G,Taylor S R.1984.Seismic evidence for an ancient rift beneath the Cumberland Plateau,Tennes-see:Adetailed analysis of broadband teleseismic P waveforms[J].J Geophys Res,89(B9):7783--7795.
Satoh T,Kawase H,Iwata T,Higashi S,Sato T,Irikura K,Huang H C.2001.S-wave velocity structure of the Tal-chung Basin,Tai wan,estimated fromarray and single station records of microtremors[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,91(5):1267--1282.
Xu Y,Wiens D A.1997.Upper mantle structure of the southwest Pacific fromregional waveforminversion[J].J Geo-phys Res,102(B12):27439--27451.
Yanovskaya T B,Dit mar P G.1990.Smoothness criteria in surface wave tomography[J].Geophys J Int,102:63--72.
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