汶川地震区北西向断裂带遥感分析
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摘要
利用北京一号小卫星遥感影像判读汶川地震区的断裂构造,发现了一系列100km左右等间距排列的北西向断裂,结果已部分地得到实地考察验证。龙门山断裂与北西向断裂的交汇部位发生强烈地震的几率较高。这些新发现将对汶川Ms8.0级地震发生机理、龙门山断裂带活动性分段、断裂同震位移自南西向北东、由右旋走滑逆断层向右旋走滑断层转变等重大问题提供了新的合理解释。
By interpreting remote sensing image of Wenchuan earthquake region from Beijing-1 Microsatellite Sensors data, there are a series of NW trending faults which ruptured the belt of Longmen shan faults at a length of 90—110 km, and this phenomenon has been conf irmed partly in f ield. We suggest that Longmen shan faults may show a NS trending faults, the same as Anninghe-Xiaojiang faults before Himalayan orogeny. India began colliding with Eurasia over 50 million years ago, this plate collision makes Tibetan plateau uplift rapidly and elevate the highest mountains in the world and thus attributed the area of the high plateau to eastward-moving along large-scale slip-striking faults, and the mechanically strong lithosphere of the Sichuan Basin obstructs it eastward in Longmen Shan region, thrust and strike slip faulting occur. These faults gradually translate from NNE to NE to NEE from south to north and form the structural pattern which we saw in remote sensing image of Longmen Shan region. If these faults can be validated in the further study in the future, it will provide new ideas to solve many geologic questions, including the reasonable explanations about seismic mechanism of Wenchuan Ms8.0, rupture segmentation of active deformation zones of Longmen Shan fault zones, the transformation of the coseismic displacement that reverse and right-slip components are of comparable magnitude along the southwestern portion of the rupture, but right-slip dominates the northeastern portion of the rupture.
By interpreting remote sensing image of Wenchuan earthquake region from Beijing-1 Microsatellite Sensors data, there are a series of NW trending faults which ruptured the belt of Longmen shan faults at a length of 90—110 km, and this phenomenon has been conf irmed partly in f ield. We suggest that Longmen shan faults may show a NS trending faults, the same as Anninghe-Xiaojiang faults before Himalayan orogeny. India began colliding with Eurasia over 50 million years ago, this plate collision makes Tibetan plateau uplift rapidly and elevate the highest mountains in the world and thus attributed the area of the high plateau to eastward-moving along large-scale slip-striking faults, and the mechanically strong lithosphere of the Sichuan Basin obstructs it eastward in Longmen Shan region, thrust and strike slip faulting occur. These faults gradually translate from NNE to NE to NEE from south to north and form the structural pattern which we saw in remote sensing image of Longmen Shan region. If these faults can be validated in the further study in the future, it will provide new ideas to solve many geologic questions, including the reasonable explanations about seismic mechanism of Wenchuan Ms8.0, rupture segmentation of active deformation zones of Longmen Shan fault zones, the transformation of the coseismic displacement that reverse and right-slip components are of comparable magnitude along the southwestern portion of the rupture, but right-slip dominates the northeastern portion of the rupture.
引文
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陈国光,计凤桔,周荣军,徐杰,周本刚,黎小刚,叶友青.2007.龙门山断裂带晚第四纪活动性分段的初步研究.地震地质,29(3):657–673
邓起东,陈社发,赵小麟.1994.龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学.地震地质,16(4):389–403
丁国瑜,李永善.1979.我国地震活动与地壳现代破裂网络.地质学报,(1):22–34
First Theme Group on Campaign of Beijing Earthquake Geology(WeiC J).1979.Interpretation Faults From Earth Resources Satellite Images-using the Main Faults Distributing in Beijing and Its Neighboring Areas as an Example.Beijing:Science and Technology Literature Publishing House
Judith H and John H S.2009.Uplift of the Longmen Shan and Tibetan plateau,and the2008Wenchuan(M=7.9)earthquake.Nature,458(12):194–197
Li H B,Wang Z X,Fu X F,Hou L W,Si J L,Qiu Z L,Li N and Wu F Y.2008.The surface rupture zone distribution of the Wenchuan earthquake(Ms8.0)happened on May12th,2008.Geology in China,35(5):803–813
林茂炳.1994.初论龙门山推覆构造带的基本结构样式.成都理工学院学报,21(3):1–7
刘和甫,梁慧射,蔡立国,沈飞.1994.川西龙门山冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化.地质学报,68(2):101–118
Molnar P and Tapponnier P.1975.Cenozoic tectonics of Asia:effects of a continental collision.Science,189(4201):419–426[DOI:10.1126/science.189.4201.419]
Molnar P and Tapponnier P.1978.Active tectonics of Tibet.Journal of Geophysical Research,83(B11):5361–5375[DOI:10.1029/JB083iB11p05361]
Paul T,Xu Z Q,Francüoise R,Bertrand M,Nicolas A,Gerard W and Yang J S.2001.Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet plateau.Science,294(5547):1671–1677[DOI:10.1126/sci-ence.105978]
罗伯特,里维特等,周卡译.1989.遥感手册(第七分册).北京:国防工业出版社
王二七,孟庆任.2008.对龙门山中生代和新生代构造演化的讨论.中国科学,38(10):1221–1233
王晓青,魏成阶,苗崇刚,张景发,单新建,马庆尊.2003.灾害遥感快速提取研究-以2003年2月24日巴楚-伽师6.8级地震为例.地学前缘,10(Supp1):285–291
魏成阶.1978.从资源卫星图像判读断裂构造.地震战线,5:1–3
魏成阶,刘亚岚,王世新,张立福,黄晓霞.2008.四川汶川大地震震害遥感调查与评估.遥感学报,12(5):673–682
徐锡伟,闻学泽,陈桂华,于桂华.2008a.巴颜喀拉地块东部龙日坝断裂带的发现及其大地构造意义.中国科学,38(5):529–542
徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,马保起,陈杰,周荣军,何宏林,田勤俭,何玉林,王志才,孙昭民,冯希杰,于贵华,陈立春,陈桂华,于慎鄂,冉勇康,李细光,李陈侠,安艳芬.2008b.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造.地震地质,30(3):597–629
许志琴,李化启,侯立炜,付小芳,陈文,曾令森,蔡志慧,陈方远.2007.青藏高原东缘龙门—锦屏造山带的崛起—大型拆离断层和挤出机制.地质通报,26(10):1262–1276
许志琴,杨经绥,李海兵,张建新,曾令森,姜枚.2006.青藏高原与大陆动力学—地体拼合、碰撞造山及高原隆升的深部驱动力.中国地质,33(2):221–238
杨军杰,张志,王旭,谷延群,强建华.2008.汶川县地震次生山地地质灾害遥感调查.山地学报,26(6):755–760
张培震.2008.青藏高原东缘川西地区的现今构造变形、应变分配与深部动力过程.中国科学,38(9):1041–1056
Zhang P Z,Xu X W,Wen X Z and Ran Y K.2008.Slip rates and recurrence intervals of the Longmen Shan active fault zone,and tectonic implications for mechanism of the May 12 Wenchuan earthquake,2008,Sichuan,China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,51(4):1066–1073
朱亮璞.2007.遥感地质学.北京:地质出版社
Burchf iel B C,Royden L H,Van der Hilst R D,Hager B H,Chen Z,King R W,Li C,LüJ,Hao H and Kirby E.2008.A geological and geophysical context for the Wenchuan earthquake of 12 May 2008,Sichuan,People’s Republic of China.GSA Today,18(7):4–11
陈国光,计凤桔,周荣军,徐杰,周本刚,黎小刚,叶友青.2007.龙门山断裂带晚第四纪活动性分段的初步研究.地震地质,29(3):657–673
邓起东,陈社发,赵小麟.1994.龙门山及其邻区的构造和地震活动及动力学.地震地质,16(4):389–403
丁国瑜,李永善.1979.我国地震活动与地壳现代破裂网络.地质学报,(1):22–34
First Theme Group on Campaign of Beijing Earthquake Geology(WeiC J).1979.Interpretation Faults From Earth Resources Satellite Images-using the Main Faults Distributing in Beijing and Its Neighboring Areas as an Example.Beijing:Science and Technology Literature Publishing House
Judith H and John H S.2009.Uplift of the Longmen Shan and Tibetan plateau,and the2008Wenchuan(M=7.9)earthquake.Nature,458(12):194–197
Li H B,Wang Z X,Fu X F,Hou L W,Si J L,Qiu Z L,Li N and Wu F Y.2008.The surface rupture zone distribution of the Wenchuan earthquake(Ms8.0)happened on May12th,2008.Geology in China,35(5):803–813
林茂炳.1994.初论龙门山推覆构造带的基本结构样式.成都理工学院学报,21(3):1–7
刘和甫,梁慧射,蔡立国,沈飞.1994.川西龙门山冲断系构造样式与前陆盆地演化.地质学报,68(2):101–118
Molnar P and Tapponnier P.1975.Cenozoic tectonics of Asia:effects of a continental collision.Science,189(4201):419–426[DOI:10.1126/science.189.4201.419]
Molnar P and Tapponnier P.1978.Active tectonics of Tibet.Journal of Geophysical Research,83(B11):5361–5375[DOI:10.1029/JB083iB11p05361]
Paul T,Xu Z Q,Francüoise R,Bertrand M,Nicolas A,Gerard W and Yang J S.2001.Oblique stepwise rise and growth of the Tibet plateau.Science,294(5547):1671–1677[DOI:10.1126/sci-ence.105978]
罗伯特,里维特等,周卡译.1989.遥感手册(第七分册).北京:国防工业出版社
王二七,孟庆任.2008.对龙门山中生代和新生代构造演化的讨论.中国科学,38(10):1221–1233
王晓青,魏成阶,苗崇刚,张景发,单新建,马庆尊.2003.灾害遥感快速提取研究-以2003年2月24日巴楚-伽师6.8级地震为例.地学前缘,10(Supp1):285–291
魏成阶.1978.从资源卫星图像判读断裂构造.地震战线,5:1–3
魏成阶,刘亚岚,王世新,张立福,黄晓霞.2008.四川汶川大地震震害遥感调查与评估.遥感学报,12(5):673–682
徐锡伟,闻学泽,陈桂华,于桂华.2008a.巴颜喀拉地块东部龙日坝断裂带的发现及其大地构造意义.中国科学,38(5):529–542
徐锡伟,闻学泽,叶建青,马保起,陈杰,周荣军,何宏林,田勤俭,何玉林,王志才,孙昭民,冯希杰,于贵华,陈立春,陈桂华,于慎鄂,冉勇康,李细光,李陈侠,安艳芬.2008b.汶川MS8.0地震地表破裂带及其发震构造.地震地质,30(3):597–629
许志琴,李化启,侯立炜,付小芳,陈文,曾令森,蔡志慧,陈方远.2007.青藏高原东缘龙门—锦屏造山带的崛起—大型拆离断层和挤出机制.地质通报,26(10):1262–1276
许志琴,杨经绥,李海兵,张建新,曾令森,姜枚.2006.青藏高原与大陆动力学—地体拼合、碰撞造山及高原隆升的深部驱动力.中国地质,33(2):221–238
杨军杰,张志,王旭,谷延群,强建华.2008.汶川县地震次生山地地质灾害遥感调查.山地学报,26(6):755–760
张培震.2008.青藏高原东缘川西地区的现今构造变形、应变分配与深部动力过程.中国科学,38(9):1041–1056
Zhang P Z,Xu X W,Wen X Z and Ran Y K.2008.Slip rates and recurrence intervals of the Longmen Shan active fault zone,and tectonic implications for mechanism of the May 12 Wenchuan earthquake,2008,Sichuan,China.Chinese Journal of Geophysics,51(4):1066–1073
朱亮璞.2007.遥感地质学.北京:地质出版社
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