卫星TM6波段对油气藏的指示意义
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摘要
在陇东黄土高原研究区的１９８７年８月２８日的ＴＭ６遥感图像上，发现热红外波段出现了高异常区（带），并且与低异常伴生成双出现。而１９８７年９月和１９８６年８月的图像上，ＴＭ６的特征符合热红外辐射的规律，无异常现象。为探讨异常形成的原因，经查证，１９８７年８月１０日在研究区西北部曾发生５．１级地震；已知油田和油井多分布在高异常边缘的低值区（带）内。这两项是形成１９８７年８月２８日ＴＭ６异常变化的主导因素。地震活动促使地体热辐射能力增强，引起高异常，同时也促使烃类大量逸出，并导致土壤中有关组分的改变和水分含量的增加，从而形成了油田区的低异常。不言而喻，低异常区（带）可以作为预测油气藏的重要标志。
The high-temperature thermal abnormal areas are found on TM6 imageof Aug.28th in 1987 in the interested region of Longdong loess plateau,These ar-eas are accompanied by lowtemperature thermal abnormal areas.But on TM6 ima-ges of Sept.1987 and Aug,1986,the features of thermal infrared are in accordancewith normal thermal infrared radiation rules,there are no abnormal phenomena.To make out the causes of thermal abnormality,we find out that there happe-ned an earthquake of 5.1 magnitude in northwest of the interested region on Aug.10th in 1987 and existed oilfields and oilwells are mostly located inside low temp-erature thermal abnormal areas along the edges of the high-temperature thermal abn-ormal areas.These two factors are main causes of TM6 image abnormality of Aug,28th.The earthquake enhances the thermal radiation of geological body and leads tothe high-temperature thermal abnormality and a lot of effusion of hydrocarbon ma-terials.These bring about the reformation of related,composition and augmentationof moisture in the soil,and finally the lower abnormality in oilfield is formed.Itis evident that the lower abnormal area is one of the most important marks for pre-diction oil gas reserve.
The high-temperature thermal abnormal areas are found on TM6 imageof Aug.28th in 1987 in the interested region of Longdong loess plateau,These ar-eas are accompanied by lowtemperature thermal abnormal areas.But on TM6 ima-ges of Sept.1987 and Aug,1986,the features of thermal infrared are in accordancewith normal thermal infrared radiation rules,there are no abnormal phenomena.To make out the causes of thermal abnormality,we find out that there happe-ned an earthquake of 5.1 magnitude in northwest of the interested region on Aug.10th in 1987 and existed oilfields and oilwells are mostly located inside low temp-erature thermal abnormal areas along the edges of the high-temperature thermal abn-ormal areas.These two factors are main causes of TM6 image abnormality of Aug,28th.The earthquake enhances the thermal radiation of geological body and leads tothe high-temperature thermal abnormality and a lot of effusion of hydrocarbon ma-terials.These bring about the reformation of related,composition and augmentationof moisture in the soil,and finally the lower abnormality in oilfield is formed.Itis evident that the lower abnormal area is one of the most important marks for pre-diction oil gas reserve.
引文
［1］陈述彭主编，遥感大辞典，北京：科学出版社，1990．169，37．［2］强祖基，徐秀登，赁常恭．卫星热红外异常──临震前兆．科学通报，1990，（17）：1324—1327．［3］燕君，金丽芳，程承旗．遥感图像上的油气晕，环境遥感，1992，7（1）：59—64．
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