有盖中弱风化岩体的弹性波有效激励与信号检测
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摘要
浅层地震勘探在工程领域广泛应用,但在岩溶地域,由于覆盖层与中—弱风化岩石层之间存在明显的波阻抗分解面,入射波的大部分能量被约束在覆盖层中,从而难以在基岩中形成有效激励的弹性波,以至难以准确探测基岩体内的溶洞、断层等异常的响应。以两层简化模型模拟该类地层结构,通过波动方程的解析计算,发现基岩表面的能量透射规律,从理论上说明在浅层乃至超浅层地震勘探中,选择小偏移距和临界角附近横波SV测量的可能性,通过各种因素的综合考虑,力争获得目的体的最大响应信号。
Since there exists a distinct wave impedance surface between the cover and the mediumtoweak weathered rock, most energy of the incident wave was restrained in the cover and it is very difficult to stimulate effective elastic wave in the rock. Therefore, the response signal of the cavern or fault in the rock was too weak to record. Simplifying this kind of structure by twolayer model together with the analysis and calculation of the wave equation, we can find the penetration laws of the incident energy on rock surface and then theoretically show that it is possible to choose little offset and near critical angle SV wave measuring in shallow or ultrashallow seismic survey. The consideration of as many factors as possible can lead to good ideas with which we can stimulate the most distinct response signal of the concealed targets.
Since there exists a distinct wave impedance surface between the cover and the mediumtoweak weathered rock, most energy of the incident wave was restrained in the cover and it is very difficult to stimulate effective elastic wave in the rock. Therefore, the response signal of the cavern or fault in the rock was too weak to record. Simplifying this kind of structure by twolayer model together with the analysis and calculation of the wave equation, we can find the penetration laws of the incident energy on rock surface and then theoretically show that it is possible to choose little offset and near critical angle SV wave measuring in shallow or ultrashallow seismic survey. The consideration of as many factors as possible can lead to good ideas with which we can stimulate the most distinct response signal of the concealed targets.
引文
[1] 杜平安.浅层地震勘探中的弹性波频率测试应用[J].物探与化探,1995,19(3):238-240.
[2] 孙宏志.陆地声纳浅层地震勘探技术[J].煤炭科学技术,1999,27(12):17-19.
[3] 薛荣俊,张维冈,李金山,等.浅层地震折射波法在跨河大桥中的应用[J].海洋技术,1997,16(4):40-44.
[4] 梁光河,蔡新平,王杰,等.浅层地震勘探在云南北衙地区隐伏金矿预测中的应用[J].黄金科学技术,2000,8(6):1-9.
[5] 张立柱,浅层地震勘探在安阳市地震小区划中的应用[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,(1):53-55.
[6] 李彦军.岩溶地质综合勘察方法[J].铁道建筑,2000,(5):7-8.
[7] 李坚.综合物探在南昆线岩溶复查工作中的应用[J].地质与勘探,1998,34(5):42-47.
[8] 刘崧.物探方法在岩溶勘查中的应用综述[J].地质科技情报,1997,16(2):85-90.
[9] 刘保金,张天航,冷欣荣.不同地区工程勘察的高分辨率地震反射探查[J].西北地震学报,1999,21(1):55-61.
[10]中国地球物理学会勘探地球物理专业委员会水资源、工程物探学组.中国水文、工程、环境物探的回顾与展望[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(增刊):369-378.
[11]钱祖文.各向同性弹性介质中P波与SV波的非线性相互作用[J].声学学报,1996,21(4).
[12]钱祖文.有界空间的非线性声学———二阶体波的反射和折射(I)P波入射[J].中国科学(A辑),1993,23(7).
[13]钱祖文.有界空间的非线性声学———二阶体波的反射和折射(II)SV波和SH波入射[J].中国科学(A辑),1994,24(2).
[14]徐仲达.地震波理论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
[2] 孙宏志.陆地声纳浅层地震勘探技术[J].煤炭科学技术,1999,27(12):17-19.
[3] 薛荣俊,张维冈,李金山,等.浅层地震折射波法在跨河大桥中的应用[J].海洋技术,1997,16(4):40-44.
[4] 梁光河,蔡新平,王杰,等.浅层地震勘探在云南北衙地区隐伏金矿预测中的应用[J].黄金科学技术,2000,8(6):1-9.
[5] 张立柱,浅层地震勘探在安阳市地震小区划中的应用[J].水文地质工程地质,1999,(1):53-55.
[6] 李彦军.岩溶地质综合勘察方法[J].铁道建筑,2000,(5):7-8.
[7] 李坚.综合物探在南昆线岩溶复查工作中的应用[J].地质与勘探,1998,34(5):42-47.
[8] 刘崧.物探方法在岩溶勘查中的应用综述[J].地质科技情报,1997,16(2):85-90.
[9] 刘保金,张天航,冷欣荣.不同地区工程勘察的高分辨率地震反射探查[J].西北地震学报,1999,21(1):55-61.
[10]中国地球物理学会勘探地球物理专业委员会水资源、工程物探学组.中国水文、工程、环境物探的回顾与展望[J].地球物理学报,1997,40(增刊):369-378.
[11]钱祖文.各向同性弹性介质中P波与SV波的非线性相互作用[J].声学学报,1996,21(4).
[12]钱祖文.有界空间的非线性声学———二阶体波的反射和折射(I)P波入射[J].中国科学(A辑),1993,23(7).
[13]钱祖文.有界空间的非线性声学———二阶体波的反射和折射(II)SV波和SH波入射[J].中国科学(A辑),1994,24(2).
[14]徐仲达.地震波理论[M].上海:同济大学出版社,1997.
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