中国东部海域及邻区岩石层地幔的P波速度结构与构造分析
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摘要
利用中国大陆东部及台湾地区、日本和琉球群岛的地震观测数据,通过体波地震层析技术反演了中国东部海域及其邻近地区的P波速度结构.以此为依据分析了不同地区的岩石层性质和深部动力学条件,探讨了中朝与扬子块体、扬子与华夏块体在海区的深部边界及其构造属性,揭示出菲律宾海板块与欧亚大陆的碰撞以及板片俯冲下沉、弧后扩张作用对中国东部海域岩石层结构的影响.结果表明,中国东部海域的岩石层地幔存在明显的横向非均匀性,它们与区域构造的形成演化有一定的联系.中国大陆东部的五莲-青岛断裂与朝鲜半岛西缘断裂、济州岛南缘断裂共同构成中朝和扬子块体的边界,江绍断裂向东延伸至朝鲜半岛南端成为分隔扬子和华夏块体的边界;东海陆架与冲绳海槽的岩石层结构差异明显,东海陆架具有中国东部地区的岩石层特征,属于欧亚大陆向海域的延伸;冲绳海槽的岩石层强烈减薄,为大陆向大洋过渡的区域;沿着日本-琉球-台湾俯冲带,菲律宾海板块俯冲下沉引起的地幔扰动对中国东部海域产生了较大的影响,欧亚大陆与菲律宾海板块之间的相互碰撞导致台湾地区岩石层明显增厚.
Using P wave arrivals from the earthquakes recorded by seismic stations in Taiwan and the mainland of China,Japan and Ryukyu Arcs,we reconstructed the velocity structure of the lithospheric mantle in the eastern China Sea and adjacent area by a travel time tomography technique.Based on the result,we analyzed the deep boundaries between the Sino-Korea,Yangtze,and South China blocks and determined their tectonic properties by comparing lithosphere mantle structures and dynamic conditions.They also revealed the interaction between the Eurasian continent and the Philippine Sea plate in Taiwan and the effect of slab subduction and back-arc extension along the Ryukyu Arc on the lithosphere structure in the eastern China Sea areas.The results indicate that the boundary in the sea areas between the Sino-Korea and Yangtze blocks mainly consists of the Wulian-Qingdao fault in eastern China,the western marginal fault of the Korea peninsula,and the southern marginal fault of the Cheju island.The Jiangshao fault is extended to the south tip of the Korea peninsula and serves as the boundary to separate the Yangtze and south China blocks.A clear difference of lithosphere structure is observed in the continent shelf of the eastern China Sea and the Okinawa through.The former has a nature of the lithosphere of eastern China and belongs to an extension of the Eurasian continent.The lithosphere of the latter is thinned intensively as a transition area from continental to oceanic lithosphere.Along the Japan-Ryukyu-Taiwan subduction zone,a mantle perturbation produced by the downgoing slab of the Phlippine Sea plate plays an important role in the eastern China sea areas.The interaction between the Eurasia continent and the Philippine Sea plate resulted in the thickening of the lithosphere beneath Taiwan.
Using P wave arrivals from the earthquakes recorded by seismic stations in Taiwan and the mainland of China,Japan and Ryukyu Arcs,we reconstructed the velocity structure of the lithospheric mantle in the eastern China Sea and adjacent area by a travel time tomography technique.Based on the result,we analyzed the deep boundaries between the Sino-Korea,Yangtze,and South China blocks and determined their tectonic properties by comparing lithosphere mantle structures and dynamic conditions.They also revealed the interaction between the Eurasian continent and the Philippine Sea plate in Taiwan and the effect of slab subduction and back-arc extension along the Ryukyu Arc on the lithosphere structure in the eastern China Sea areas.The results indicate that the boundary in the sea areas between the Sino-Korea and Yangtze blocks mainly consists of the Wulian-Qingdao fault in eastern China,the western marginal fault of the Korea peninsula,and the southern marginal fault of the Cheju island.The Jiangshao fault is extended to the south tip of the Korea peninsula and serves as the boundary to separate the Yangtze and south China blocks.A clear difference of lithosphere structure is observed in the continent shelf of the eastern China Sea and the Okinawa through.The former has a nature of the lithosphere of eastern China and belongs to an extension of the Eurasian continent.The lithosphere of the latter is thinned intensively as a transition area from continental to oceanic lithosphere.Along the Japan-Ryukyu-Taiwan subduction zone,a mantle perturbation produced by the downgoing slab of the Phlippine Sea plate plays an important role in the eastern China sea areas.The interaction between the Eurasia continent and the Philippine Sea plate resulted in the thickening of the lithosphere beneath Taiwan.
引文
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[2]李廷栋,莫杰.中国滨太平洋构造域构造格架与东海地质演化.海洋地质与第四纪地质,2002,22(4):1~6Li T D,Mo J.Tectonic framework of the west circum_Pacific tectonictract and the geological evolution of the east China Sea.MarineGeology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),2002,22(4):1~6
[3]郝天珧,刘建华,黄忠贤等.中国边缘海岩石层结构研究.地球物理学进展,2004,19(3):583~589Hao T Y,Liu J H,Huang Z X,et al.Research on the lithospherestructure of Chinese Marginal Seas.Progress in Geophysics(inChinese),2004,19(3):583~589
[4]刘福田,曲克信,吴华等.中国大陆及其邻近地区的地震层析成像.地球物理学报,1989,32(3):281~291Liu F T,Qu K X,Wu H,et al.Seismic tomography of the Chinesecontinent and adjacent regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1989,32(3):281~291
[5]刘福田,李强,刘建华等.日本及其毗邻地区的地震层析成像.见:八十年代中国地球物理学进展———纪念傅承义教授八十诞辰.北京:学术书刊出版社,1989.260~274Liu F T,Li Q,Liu J H.Seismic tomography of the Japan andadjacent regions.In:Geophysics in China in the Eighties—theCommemoration of the 80thBirthday of Professor Fu Cheng_Yi.Beijing:Academia Book and Periodic Press,1989.260~274
[6]宋仲和,陈国英,安昌强等.中国大陆及其海域地壳上地幔三维速度结构.中国科学(B辑),1993,23(2):180~188Song Z H,Chen G Y,An C Q,et al.3D velocity structure of crustand upper mantle of China continent and adjacent seas.Sciences inChina(Series B)(in Chinese),1993,23(2):180~188
[7]冯锐,周海南,姚政生等.东海与黄海三维速度结构及其构造意义.地质学报,1993,67(1):19~35Feng R,Zhou H N,Yao Z S,et al.3D velocity structure and itstectonic implications in the East China Sea and Yellow Sea.ActaGeologica Sinica(in Chinese),1993,67(1):19~35
[8]刘光鼎主编.中国海区及邻域地质地球物理场系列图.北京:科学出版社,1992Liu G D ed.Geophysical Series Maps in China Sea and AdjacentRegions(in Chinese).Beijing:Science Press,1992
[9]郑月军,黄忠贤,刘福田等.中国东部海域地壳上地幔瑞利波速度结构研究.地球物理学报,2000,43(4):480~487Zheng Y J,Huang Z X,Liu F T,et al.Rayleigh wave velocity andstructure of the crust and upper mantle beneath the seas in easternChina.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2000,43(4):480~487
[10]Lallemand S,Font Y,Bijwaard H,et al.New insights on 3_D platesinteraction near Taiwan from tomography and tectonic implication.Tectonophysics,2001,335:229~253
[11]Rau R J,Wu F T.Tomographic imaging of lithospheric structuresunder Taiwan.Earth Planet.Sci.Lett.,1995,133(3):517~532
[12]Nakamura M,Yoshuda Y,Zhao D,et al.Three dimensional P_and S_wave velocity structure beneath the Ryukyu arc.Tectonophysics,2003,369:121~143
[13]江为为,刘少华,郝天珧等.冲绳海槽及其邻域地球物理场与地壳结构特征.地球物理学进展,2003,18(2):287~292Jiang W W,Liu S H,Hao T Y,et al.Character of geophysical fieldand crustal structure of Okinawa Trough and adjacent region.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2003,18(2):287~292
[14]郝天珧,刘建华,Sue Mancheol等.黄海及其邻区深部结构特点与地质演化.地球物理学报,2003,46(6):803~807Hao T Y,Liu J H,Sue Mancheol,et al.Deep structurecharacteristics and geological evolution of the Yellow Sea and itsadjacent regions.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2003,46(6):803~807
[15]Hsu S K,Sibuet J C,Shyu C T.Magnetic inversion in the east ChinaSea and Okinawa Trough:tectonic implications.Tectonophysics,2001,333:111~122
[16]龚建明,张巍巍,郭新等.胶东-朝鲜半岛中朝扬子碰撞带初析.海洋地质动态,2004,20(2):11~13Gong J M,Zhang W W,Guo X,et al.Preliminary analysis of theSino_Korea and Yangtze collision belt in the Jiaodong and Koreapeninsulas.Marine Geology Letters(in Chinese),2004,20(2):11~13
[17]Guo Y G,Wang H X.Essay on the tectonic attribute of Qinling_Dabiemountain_Jiaonan uplift_Rimjin Gang fold zone and adjacent regions.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology,1995,15(2):49~59
[18]蔡乾忠.中国东部与朝鲜半岛大地构造单元对应划分.海洋地质与第四纪地质,1995,15(1):7~24Cai Q Z.Corresponding division of geotectonic units of eastern Chinaand Korea.Marine Geology&Quaternary Geology(in Chinese),1995,15(1):7~24
[19]臧绍先,宁杰远.菲律宾海板块与欧亚板块的相互作用及其对东亚构造运动的影响.地球物理学报,2002,45(2):188~197Zang S X,Ning J Y.Interaction between Philippine Sea Plate(PH)and Eurasia Plate(EU)and its influence on the movement of easternAsia.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2002,45(2):188~197
[20]Lallemand S,Liu C S,Angelier J,et al.Active subduction andcollision in Southeast Asia.Tectonophysics,2001,333:1~7
[21]Sibuet J C,Hsu S K.How was Taiwan created?Tectonophysics,2001,379:159~181
[22]李志伟,胥颐,郝天珧等.利用DE算法反演地壳速度模型和地震定位.地球物理学进展,2006,21(2)Li Z W,Xu Y,Hao T Y,et al.Inversion of crustal velocity modeland earthquake relocation by using differential evolution algorithm.Progress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2006,21(2)
[23]Engdahl E R,Rob V H,Raymond B.Global teleseismic earthquakerelocation with improved travel times and procedures for depthdetermination.Bull.Seism.Soc.Am.,1998,88(3):722~743
[24]刘福田,李强,吴华等.用于速度图像重建的层析成像法.地球物理学报,1989,32(1):46~61Liu F T,Li Q,Wu H,et al.On the tomographic inverse methodused in velocity image reconstruction.Chinese J.Geophys.(inChinese),1989,32(1):61~80
[25]刘国栋.中国大陆岩石圈结构与动力学.地球物理学报,1994,37(增刊Ⅱ):65~81Liu G D.The lithospheric structure and dynamics of China.ChineseJ.Geophys.(in Chinese),1994,37(SuppⅡ):46~61
[26]杨宝俊,张兴洲,孟令顺等.中国大陆岩石圈结构篱笆图及其说明-10条GGT地球物理资料.长春科技大学学报,2001,31(4):385~390Yang B J,Zhang X Z,Meng L S,et al.Fence diagram oflithosphere structure of China continent and its explanation_by usinggeophysical data of 10 GGTS.Journal of Changchun University ofSciences and Technology(in Chinese),2001,31(4):65~81
[27]李立.中国大陆地壳上地幔电性特征.地球物理学报,1996,39(增刊):130~140Li L.The geoelectrical characteristic of crust and upper mantle ofcontinent region of China.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),1996,39(Suppl.):130~140
[28]Xu C F.Earthquake distribution and resistivity structure in theChinese mainland(Ⅰ).Acta Seismologica Sinica,1996,9(2):327~334
[29]Kissling E,Ellsworth W L,Eberhart_Phillips D,et al.Initialreference models in local earthquake tomography.J.Geophys.Res.,1994,99(10):19635~19646
[30]Kennett B L N,Engdahl E R,Buland R.Constrains on seismicvelocities in the Earth from traveltimes.Geophys.J.Int.,1995,122:108~124
[31]郝天珧,徐亚,胥颐等.对黄海—东海研究区深部结构的一些新认识.地球物理学报,2006,49(2):458~468Hao T Y,Xu Y,Xu Y,et al.Some new understandings on deepstructure in Yellow Sea and East China Sea.Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(2):458~468
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