角道集波形校正方法
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摘要
通常纵波入射且当入射角大于临界角时,由于反射系数的变化,角道集记录发生相位畸变,为实现同相叠加,要在叠加之前进行相位校正。本文针对要校正的相位角和振幅值在各个时间段上并非常数的实际情况,对角道集记录进行了分时窗处理。分别应用分时窗常相位校正和直接利用波形校正因子对模型和实际井资料的角道集记录进行校正,并就时窗长度对校正结果的影响进行了分析。从对比分析校正前、后的角道集记录可以看出,分时窗常相位校正方法和波形校正因子校正方法可以有效校正波形畸变,提高叠加剖面质量。
Normally when incidence is P-wave and angle of incidence is larger than critical angle,the phase distortion will be found in the angle gather record due to reflection coefficient change.In order to same phase stacking for seismic data,phase correction should be conducted before stacking.As the values of the phase angle and amplitude which will be applied in the correction are not the constant over the time windows,the angle gathers have to be processed in their individual windows.In this paper the constant phase correction were conducted in the individual windows,and correction for angle gather of model and real well data was also carried out by directly using waveform correction factor,and how the time window length affecting the correction results is analyzed as well.If comparing pre-correction angle gather records with the post-correction ones,it is easily found out that the two methods(the constant phase correction method in individual windows and the waveform correction factor method) work well,can correct the waveform distortion and can raise the quality of seismic stacking sections.
Normally when incidence is P-wave and angle of incidence is larger than critical angle,the phase distortion will be found in the angle gather record due to reflection coefficient change.In order to same phase stacking for seismic data,phase correction should be conducted before stacking.As the values of the phase angle and amplitude which will be applied in the correction are not the constant over the time windows,the angle gathers have to be processed in their individual windows.In this paper the constant phase correction were conducted in the individual windows,and correction for angle gather of model and real well data was also carried out by directly using waveform correction factor,and how the time window length affecting the correction results is analyzed as well.If comparing pre-correction angle gather records with the post-correction ones,it is easily found out that the two methods(the constant phase correction method in individual windows and the waveform correction factor method) work well,can correct the waveform distortion and can raise the quality of seismic stacking sections.
引文
[1]陈世军,刘洪,周建宇等.井间地震技术的现状与展望.地球物理学进展,2003,3(18):524～529
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[9]李振春,张军华.地震数据处理方法.山东东营:石油大学出版社,2004:56～76
[2]孙成禹等.广角地震反射数据特征及校正方法研究.石油地球物理勘探,2007,42(1):24～29
[3]李晶,陈裕明,唐湘荣.合成记录的改进方法及在地震相对比中的应用.新疆石油地质,2001,22(4):297～302
[4]Gardner G H F et al.Formation velocity and density.The diagnostic basic for stratigraphic traps.Geophys-ics,1974,39(6):770～780
[5]Shuey R T.A si mplification of the zoeppritz equa-tions.Geophysics,1985,50(4):609～614
[6]宋建国,王艳香.角度域合成地震记录制作.新疆石油地质,2007,28(4):497～500
[7]宋宗平,李建军,章黎萍.叠前常相位校正.大庆石油地质与开发,2004,23(2):69～71
[8]李振春,王希萍,韩文功.地震数据处理中的相位校正综述.地球物理学进展,2008,23(3):768～774
[9]李振春,张军华.地震数据处理方法.山东东营:石油大学出版社,2004:56～76
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