时频峰值滤波去噪技术及其应用
|
摘要
本文将时频峰值滤波(TFPF)去噪技术应用于共炮点地震资料的随机噪声压制.时频峰值滤波技术是通过频率调制将信号调制成解析信号的瞬时频率,利用解析信号的Wigner-Ville分布的峰值进行瞬时频率估计,恢复有效信号,与其它去噪方法相比,TFPF具有在较少的约束条件下压制强随机噪声的优点.本文针对实际地震资料的非线性特性,利用加窗的Wigner-Ville分布实现TFPF,使得地震信号在一个窗长内近似满足线性瞬时频率条件,减小由地震信号非线性引起的偏差.本文对共炮点地震记录做时频峰值滤波处理,滤波结果表明在地震勘探资料中存在强随机噪声的情况下,利用局部线性化处理的时频峰值滤波技术可以有效地压制地震资料中的随机噪声,恢复出湮没在随机噪声中的地震反射信号.信噪比提高3~6 dB.
The time-frequency peak filtering(TFPF) is applied to attenuating random noise in common shot point seismic record.TFPF is the technique that encodes the signal as instantaneous frequency(IF) of an analytic signal by frequency modulated.Then,the signal is recovered by getting peak of pseudo WVD of analytic signal according to frequency.Comparing with other denoising methods,TFPF has the superiority in using less constraint condition to attenuate random noise.For the nonlinearity of the seismic data,the WVD added window function is utilized to execute TFPF,which makes the IF in a window function be linear approximatively.The bias of filtered signal induced by nonlinearity can be reduced by local linearization.The TFPF with local linearization processing is applied to the common shot point data to attenuate random noise.The results show that the random noise can be attenuated well and the signal contaminated by strong random noise can be recovered after TFPF.The signal-to-noise ratio can be improved to 3~6 dB.
The time-frequency peak filtering(TFPF) is applied to attenuating random noise in common shot point seismic record.TFPF is the technique that encodes the signal as instantaneous frequency(IF) of an analytic signal by frequency modulated.Then,the signal is recovered by getting peak of pseudo WVD of analytic signal according to frequency.Comparing with other denoising methods,TFPF has the superiority in using less constraint condition to attenuate random noise.For the nonlinearity of the seismic data,the WVD added window function is utilized to execute TFPF,which makes the IF in a window function be linear approximatively.The bias of filtered signal induced by nonlinearity can be reduced by local linearization.The TFPF with local linearization processing is applied to the common shot point data to attenuate random noise.The results show that the random noise can be attenuated well and the signal contaminated by strong random noise can be recovered after TFPF.The signal-to-noise ratio can be improved to 3~6 dB.
引文
[1]彭更新,梁顺军.山区复杂构造低信噪比地震资料的修饰性处理[J].石油物探,2004,43(3):251~257.Peng G X,Liang S J.Modified processing on low signal-to-noise ratio seismic data from mountainous area of complexstructure[J].Geophysical Prospecting For Petrole,2004,43(3):251~257.
[2]王海燕,高锐,马永生,朱铉,等.若尔盖盆地—西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):743~749.Wang H Y,Gao R,Ma Y S,Zhu X,et al.Static correction andnoise removal for deep seismic reflection data from the contactzone of the Zoigêand the west Qinling orogen[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3):743~749.
[3]李振春,孙小东,刘洪.复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1794~1801.Li Z C,Sun X D,Liu H.Common reflection surface stack forrugged surface topography[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chi-nese),2006,49(6):1794~1801.
[4]杨锴,许士勇,王华忠,马在田.倾角分解共反射面元叠加方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1148~1155.Yang K,Xu S Y,Wang H Z,Ma Z T.A method of dip de-composition common reflection surface stack[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1148~1155.
[5]高静怀,毛剑,满蔚仕,陈文超,郑庆庆.叠前地震资料噪声衰减的小波域方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1155~1163.Gao J H,Mao J,Man W S,Chen W C,Zheng Q Q.On thedenoising method of prestack seismic data in wavelet domain[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1155~1163.
[6]Cao S Y,Chen X P.The second-generation wavelet transformand its application in denoising of seismic data[J].Applied Ge-ophysics,2005,2(2):70~74.
[7]汤井田,化希瑞,曹哲民,等.Hilbert-Huang变换与大地电磁噪声压制[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):603~610.Tang J T,Hua X R,Cao Zhe-min.Hilbert-Huang transfor-mation and noise suppression of magnetotelluric sounding data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2):603~610.
[8]陆文凯,丁文龙,张善文,肖焕钦,赵铭海.基于信号子空间分解的三维地震资料高分辨率处理方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):896~901.Lu W K,Ding W L,Zhang S W,Xiao H Q,Zhao M H.Ahigh-resolution processing technique for 3-D seismic data basedon signal sub-space decomposition[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(4):896~901.
[9]邓小英,李月.Ricker子波核最小二乘支持向量机在地震勘探信号去噪应用中的参数设置研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):953~959.Deng X Y,Li Y.Study of parameters setting for least squaresupport vector machine based on Ricker wavelet kernel in thedenoising applications of seismic prospecting signals[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3):953~959.
[10]Boashash B,Mesbah M.Signal enhancement by time-fre-quency peak Filtering[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,2004,52(4):929~937
[11]金雷,李月,杨宝俊.用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):724~728Jin L,Li Y,Yang B J.Reduction of random noise for seismicdata by time2frequency peak filtering[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2005,20(3):724~728
[12]Cohen L.Time frequency analysis[M].Prentice Hall,1995.
[13]Lovell B C,Williamson R C,Boashash B.The relationshipbetween Instantaneous frequency and time frequency repre-sentations[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1993,41(3):1458~1461.
[2]王海燕,高锐,马永生,朱铉,等.若尔盖盆地—西秦岭造山带结合部位深反射资料的静校正和去噪技术[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):743~749.Wang H Y,Gao R,Ma Y S,Zhu X,et al.Static correction andnoise removal for deep seismic reflection data from the contactzone of the Zoigêand the west Qinling orogen[J].Progress inGeophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3):743~749.
[3]李振春,孙小东,刘洪.复杂地表条件下共反射面元(CRS)叠加方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(6):1794~1801.Li Z C,Sun X D,Liu H.Common reflection surface stack forrugged surface topography[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chi-nese),2006,49(6):1794~1801.
[4]杨锴,许士勇,王华忠,马在田.倾角分解共反射面元叠加方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(5):1148~1155.Yang K,Xu S Y,Wang H Z,Ma Z T.A method of dip de-composition common reflection surface stack[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(5):1148~1155.
[5]高静怀,毛剑,满蔚仕,陈文超,郑庆庆.叠前地震资料噪声衰减的小波域方法研究[J].地球物理学报,2006,49(4):1155~1163.Gao J H,Mao J,Man W S,Chen W C,Zheng Q Q.On thedenoising method of prestack seismic data in wavelet domain[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2006,49(4):1155~1163.
[6]Cao S Y,Chen X P.The second-generation wavelet transformand its application in denoising of seismic data[J].Applied Ge-ophysics,2005,2(2):70~74.
[7]汤井田,化希瑞,曹哲民,等.Hilbert-Huang变换与大地电磁噪声压制[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(2):603~610.Tang J T,Hua X R,Cao Zhe-min.Hilbert-Huang transfor-mation and noise suppression of magnetotelluric sounding data[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2008,51(2):603~610.
[8]陆文凯,丁文龙,张善文,肖焕钦,赵铭海.基于信号子空间分解的三维地震资料高分辨率处理方法[J].地球物理学报,2005,48(4):896~901.Lu W K,Ding W L,Zhang S W,Xiao H Q,Zhao M H.Ahigh-resolution processing technique for 3-D seismic data basedon signal sub-space decomposition[J].Chinese J.Geophys.(in Chinese),2005,48(4):896~901.
[9]邓小英,李月.Ricker子波核最小二乘支持向量机在地震勘探信号去噪应用中的参数设置研究[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(3):953~959.Deng X Y,Li Y.Study of parameters setting for least squaresupport vector machine based on Ricker wavelet kernel in thedenoising applications of seismic prospecting signals[J].Pro-gress in Geophysics(in Chinese),2007,22(3):953~959.
[10]Boashash B,Mesbah M.Signal enhancement by time-fre-quency peak Filtering[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,2004,52(4):929~937
[11]金雷,李月,杨宝俊.用时频峰值滤波方法消减地震勘探资料中随机噪声的初步研究[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(3):724~728Jin L,Li Y,Yang B J.Reduction of random noise for seismicdata by time2frequency peak filtering[J].Progress in Geo-physics,2005,20(3):724~728
[12]Cohen L.Time frequency analysis[M].Prentice Hall,1995.
[13]Lovell B C,Williamson R C,Boashash B.The relationshipbetween Instantaneous frequency and time frequency repre-sentations[J].IEEE Trans.Signal Processing,1993,41(3):1458~1461.
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心