南海北部中生代沉积模式
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摘要
南海东北部与西北部海域均分布有中生代地层,地震勘探揭示南海北部中生界东、西之间在地震相及沉积充填结构上存在明显差异,东部中生界为双层结构,而西部为单层结构。东部中生代地层由海相及海陆过渡相侏罗系与陆相白垩系组成,而西部则由陆相白垩系构成,缺失侏罗系。从海水入侵方向看,南海北部中生界与特提斯域无关,可能更受太平洋域的影响。侏罗纪古太平洋边缘海盆在南海北部主要分布在珠江口盆地东部及台西南盆地,从早侏罗世到晚侏罗世海盆范围逐渐缩小;白垩纪南海北部整体抬升,除台西南盆地东部接受海相沉积外,白垩纪南海北部以小型断陷盆地为特征,在断陷盆地内接受陆相河湖相沉积。南海北部在中生代时期位于特提斯构造域与太平洋构造域的交接部位,东部中生界双层结构、西部单层结构的沉积模式进一步明确濒太平洋构造域的对南海北部中生界的控制作用,同时东部将是中生代油气勘探的有利区域。
The results of seismic exploration and drilling indicate that Mesozoic exists in the northern South China Sea(SCS).The sedimentary models of Mesozoic and the facieses of seismic are different from west to east across the northern SCS.According to the seismic profiles,the Mesozoic sedimentary distribution in the northeast part of the SCS has double-layer structure,but the Mesozoic distribution in the northwest part of the SCS has monolayer structure.In the northeast part of the SCS,Mesozoic strata are com-posed of Jurassic marine sediments and Cretaceous continental sediments;in contrast,in the northwest part of the SCS,Mesozoic strata are only composed of Cretaceous continental sediments.According to the direction of seawater-intrusion,the sedimentary en-vironment of Mesozoic was correlated to paleo-Pacific other than Tethys.During Jurassic,paleo-Pacific covered the east of the Pearl River Mouth Basin and Taixinan Basin.From early to late Jurassic,the area of marine basin became less.During Cretaceous,the northern part of the SCS uplifted as a whole,except the east of the Taixinan Basin.During this period,small faulted basins were developed and accommodated continental sediments.The northern South China Sea located in the junction area of Tethys tectonic domain and the Pacific tectonic domain during Mesozoic;the sedimentary model clears further the control effect of Pacific Ocean structural domain to South China Sea.The northeast part of South China Sea would be beneficial areas for oil and gas exploration.
The results of seismic exploration and drilling indicate that Mesozoic exists in the northern South China Sea(SCS).The sedimentary models of Mesozoic and the facieses of seismic are different from west to east across the northern SCS.According to the seismic profiles,the Mesozoic sedimentary distribution in the northeast part of the SCS has double-layer structure,but the Mesozoic distribution in the northwest part of the SCS has monolayer structure.In the northeast part of the SCS,Mesozoic strata are com-posed of Jurassic marine sediments and Cretaceous continental sediments;in contrast,in the northwest part of the SCS,Mesozoic strata are only composed of Cretaceous continental sediments.According to the direction of seawater-intrusion,the sedimentary en-vironment of Mesozoic was correlated to paleo-Pacific other than Tethys.During Jurassic,paleo-Pacific covered the east of the Pearl River Mouth Basin and Taixinan Basin.From early to late Jurassic,the area of marine basin became less.During Cretaceous,the northern part of the SCS uplifted as a whole,except the east of the Taixinan Basin.During this period,small faulted basins were developed and accommodated continental sediments.The northern South China Sea located in the junction area of Tethys tectonic domain and the Pacific tectonic domain during Mesozoic;the sedimentary model clears further the control effect of Pacific Ocean structural domain to South China Sea.The northeast part of South China Sea would be beneficial areas for oil and gas exploration.
引文
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[12]冯晓杰,张川燕,王春修,等.东海陆架和台西南盆地中生界及油气勘探潜力[J].中国海上油气:地质,2001,15(5):306-310.
[13]邵磊,龙洪庆,郝沪军,等.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境[J].地质论评,2007,53(2):164-169.
[2]郝沪军,施和生,张向涛,等.潮汕坳陷中生界及其石油地质条件[J].中国海上油气,2009,21(3):151-156.
[3]黄汲清.中国及邻区特提斯的演化[M].北京:地质出版社,1987:1-90.
[4]夏戡原,黄慈流.南海中生代特提斯期沉积盆地的发现与找寻中生代含油气盆地的前景[J].地学前缘,2000,7(3):227-238.
[5]蔡乾忠.“残留特提斯”的猜想,从中国近海域发现海相中生界—古新统谈起[J].中国地质,1998(4):39-41.
[6]杨静,冯晓杰,范迎风,等.南海东北部中晚中生代构造、古地理背景及油气远景分析[J].中国海上油气:地质,2003,17(2):89-92.
[7]肖国林,郑浚茂.对南海北部陆坡至东海南部“残留特提斯”的几点认识[J].现代地质,2004,18(1):103-109.
[8]周蒂,孙珍,陈汉宗,等.南海及其围区中生代岩相古地理和构造演化[J].地学前缘,2005,12(3):204-218.
[9]METCALFE I.Gondwanal and dispersion,Asian accretion and evolution of eastern Tethys[J].Australian Journal of Earth Sciences,1996,43:605-623.
[10]广东省地质矿产局.广东区域地质志[M].北京:地质出版社,1988:92-226.
[11]钟广见,易海,林珍,等.粤东和南海东北部陆坡区中生界及烃源岩特征[J].新疆石油地质,2007,28(6):676-680.
[12]冯晓杰,张川燕,王春修,等.东海陆架和台西南盆地中生界及油气勘探潜力[J].中国海上油气:地质,2001,15(5):306-310.
[13]邵磊,龙洪庆,郝沪军,等.南海东北部中生界岩石学特征及沉积环境[J].地质论评,2007,53(2):164-169.
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