强震前异常电场激发声重波对电离层的影响
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摘要
震前地震孕育期地表异常增强的电场,通过大气电导率传输到电离层高度.该异常电场通过非稳态局部加热,可以在电离层高度激发声重波.基于该理论,利用一维时变中纬电离层物理模型,模拟了该扰动源对电离层电子密度的影响.结果表明,重力波引起的中性风速度扰动对电离层电子密度分布影响甚微,该机理无法解释震前电离层异常扰动现象.
The study of the ionospheric disturbances prior to the occurrence of large earthquakes has attracted much attention for many years.However,until recently,the physical mechanism of seismo-ionospheric coupling is not fully understood.A strong perturbation of vertical electric field may take place within the epicentral zone a few days before strong earthquakes,which can penetrate into ionosphere through atmospheric conductivity.Acoustic gravity waves may be resulted from the non-stationary Joule heating of a local region above the epicentral zone of an imminent earthquake due to the anomalous electric field.Based on this mechanism and one-dimensional time physical model of ionosphere,the effect of acoustic gravity waves on ionosphere was calculated, which showed that the disturbance of horizontal neutral speed was too weak to have obvious effect on the ionosphere.This mechanism can not well interpret the ionospheric phenomena prior to strong earthquakes.Nevertheless,the electric field might modify ionospheric dynamic and electron density distribution through the effect of E×B.
The study of the ionospheric disturbances prior to the occurrence of large earthquakes has attracted much attention for many years.However,until recently,the physical mechanism of seismo-ionospheric coupling is not fully understood.A strong perturbation of vertical electric field may take place within the epicentral zone a few days before strong earthquakes,which can penetrate into ionosphere through atmospheric conductivity.Acoustic gravity waves may be resulted from the non-stationary Joule heating of a local region above the epicentral zone of an imminent earthquake due to the anomalous electric field.Based on this mechanism and one-dimensional time physical model of ionosphere,the effect of acoustic gravity waves on ionosphere was calculated, which showed that the disturbance of horizontal neutral speed was too weak to have obvious effect on the ionosphere.This mechanism can not well interpret the ionospheric phenomena prior to strong earthquakes.Nevertheless,the electric field might modify ionospheric dynamic and electron density distribution through the effect of E×B.
引文
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[19]Huang Wengeng,Gu Shifen.Interaction between the powerful high-frequency radio wave and the lower terrestrial ionosphere[J].Chin.J.Space Res.,2003,23(3):191-188
[20]Xu Bin,Wu Jian,Wu Zhensen,et al.Temperature enhancement induced by ionosphere heating in low altitude region[J].Progress Nat.Sci.,2008,18:1339-1343
[21]Pulinets S A.Physical mechanism of the electric field generation over active tectonic fault[J].Adv.Space Res., 2009,44(6):767-773
[2]Xu Tong,Hu Yanli,Wu Jian,et al.Anomalous enhancement of electric field derived from ionosonde data before the great Wenchuan earthquake[J].Adv.Space Res., 2011,47(6):1001-1005
[3]Zhao B Q,Wang M,Yu T,et al.Is an unusual large enhancement of ionospheric electron density linked with the great Wenchuan earthquake[J],J.Geophys.Res.,2008, 113,doi:10.1029/2008JA013613
[4]Pulinets S A,Legen'ka A D,Gaivoronskaya T V,et al. Main phenomenological features of ionospheric precursors of strong earthquakes[J].J.Atmos.Solar-Terr.Phys., 2003,65(16/17/18):1337-1347
[5]Liperrovsky V A,Pokhotelov O A,Shalimov S L.Ionospheric Precursor of Earthquakes[M].Moscow:Nauka ??Press,1992.304
[6]Korepanov V V,Hayakawa M,Yampolski Y,et al.AGW as a seismo-ionospheric coupling responsible agent[J]. Phys.Chem.Earth,2009,34(6/7):485-495
[7]Meister C W,Mayer B,Dziendziel P,et al.On the acoustic model of lithosphere-atmosphere-ionosphere coupling before earthquakes[J].Nat.Hazards Earth Sci.,2011, 11:1011-1017
[8]Rapopart Y G,Hayakawa M,Gotynyan O E,et al.Stable and unstable plasma perturbations in the ionosphere F region,caused by spatial packet of atmospheric gravity waves[J].Phys.Chem.Earth,2009,34:508-515
[9]Pulinets S A,Boyarchuk K A.Ionospheric Precursors of Earthquakes[M].Springer:Verlag Publisher,2004
[10]Xu Tong,Wu Jian,Wu Zhensen,et al.Preliminary studies on ionospheric precursors of earthquake:atmospheric gravity wave[J].Chin.J.Radio Sci.,2011,26:190-193
[11]Hegai V V,Kim V P,Nikiforova L I.A possilbe generation mechanism of acoustic-gravity waves in the ionosphere before strong earthquake[J].J.Earthq.Pre.Res.,1997, 6:584-589
[12]Kim V P,Khegai V V,Illich-Svitych P V.On one possible ionospheric precursor of earthquakes[J].Phys.Solid Earth.,1994,30(3):223-226
[13]Chimonas G,Heines G O.Atmospheric gravity waves launched by auroral currents[J].Planet.Space Sci.,1970, 18(4):565-582
[14]Lei Jiuhou.Modeling and Statistic Studies of Mid-latitude Ionosphere[D].Beijing:Chinese Academy of Sciences, 2005.
[15]Xu Tong.Study on Modeling of Mid/Low-latitude Ionosphere and its Relative Anomalous Phenomenon[D]. Xi'an:Xidian University,2009.
[16]Hegai V V,Kim V P,Liu J Y.The ionospheric effect of atmospheric gravity waves excited prior to strong earthquakes [J].Adv.Space Res.,2006,37:653-659
[17]Zhang Qiwei,Guo Jianshan,Zhang Gongliang.Model study of mid-latitude ionospheric density profile variation during geomagnetic storms[J].Chin.J.Space Res.,1994, 14(1):39-47
[18]Xu Tong,Hu Yanli,Wu Jian,et al.Giant disturbance in the ionospheric F_2 region prior to the M8.0 Wenchuan earthquake on 12 May 2008[J].Ann.Geophys.,2010, 28(8):1533-1538
[19]Huang Wengeng,Gu Shifen.Interaction between the powerful high-frequency radio wave and the lower terrestrial ionosphere[J].Chin.J.Space Res.,2003,23(3):191-188
[20]Xu Bin,Wu Jian,Wu Zhensen,et al.Temperature enhancement induced by ionosphere heating in low altitude region[J].Progress Nat.Sci.,2008,18:1339-1343
[21]Pulinets S A.Physical mechanism of the electric field generation over active tectonic fault[J].Adv.Space Res., 2009,44(6):767-773
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