直达波和反射波在地层中的传播规律研究
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摘要
研究地震波在地层中的传播规律对于工程地震勘探具有重要的意义。采用离散元方法建立了无节理岩体和含一条节理岩体的数值计算模型,分析了直达波和反射波在地层中的传播衰减规律及两者之间的关系。相比无节理岩体,含一条节理岩体具有明显的反射波;直达波的频带宽度随爆源距离的增大而变窄,直达波在地层传播过程中,高频成分损失严重,保留了低频成分;相比直达波,经过衰减后的反射波频带能量分布较均匀;爆源距离大于一定值后,直达波和反射波的振动主频趋于稳定;直达波振动能量越大,反射波振动能量越大。
Study of the propagation law of seismic in the formation has great significant for engineering seismic exploration.Numerical model of rock mass with none joint and one joint are established by using discrete element method.The propagation law of direct wave and reflect wave,and the relationship of both are analyzed.Compared with rock mass with none joint,there is obvious reflect wave about rock mass with one joint.The bandwidth of direct wave became narrow with increase of distance of explosion source.High frequency components suffer serious loss and low frequency components are preserved in the propagation process of direct wave.Compared with direct wave,frequency band energy of reflect wave by attenuation is well distributed.Main vibration frequency of direct wave and reflect wave are tended to be stable when the distance of explosion source is beyond a certain value.The bigger vibration energy of direct wave,the larger vibration energy of reflect wave.
Study of the propagation law of seismic in the formation has great significant for engineering seismic exploration.Numerical model of rock mass with none joint and one joint are established by using discrete element method.The propagation law of direct wave and reflect wave,and the relationship of both are analyzed.Compared with rock mass with none joint,there is obvious reflect wave about rock mass with one joint.The bandwidth of direct wave became narrow with increase of distance of explosion source.High frequency components suffer serious loss and low frequency components are preserved in the propagation process of direct wave.Compared with direct wave,frequency band energy of reflect wave by attenuation is well distributed.Main vibration frequency of direct wave and reflect wave are tended to be stable when the distance of explosion source is beyond a certain value.The bigger vibration energy of direct wave,the larger vibration energy of reflect wave.
引文
[1]赵鸿儒,郭铁栓.工程地震勘探综述[J].地球物理学进展,1994,9(3):80-86.
[1]ZHAO Hong-ru,GUO Tie-shuan.A summary of engineering seismic prospecting[J].Progress in Geophysics,1994,9(3):80-86.(in Chinese)
[2]侯卫生,刘江平.工程地震勘探新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):59-64.
[2]HOU Wei-sheng,LIU Jiang-ping.The evolvement of engineering seismic exploration[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2002,25(6):59-64.(in Chinese)
[3]卢文波,董振华,朱传云.爆破地震波传播过程中衰减参数的确定[J].工程爆破,1997,3(4):12-16.
[3]LU Wen-bo,DONG Zhen-hua,ZHU Chuan-yun.Calculating of attenuation parameters of rock mass during the propagation of blasting seismic wave[J].Engineering Blasting,1997,3(4):12-16.(in Chinese)
[4]张永哲.爆破地震波传播特性研究[J].爆破,2000,17(S1):6-10.
[4]ZHANG Yong-zhe.Study on propagation characteristics of explosive seixmic wave[J].Blasting,2000,17(S1):6-10.(in Chinese)
[5]张义平,吴桂义.爆破地震波特性研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2007,27(6):68-72.
[5]ZHANG Yi-ping,WU Gui-yi.Study on characteristics of blasting-caused seismic wave[J].Mining Reasearch and Development,2007,27(6):68-72.(in Chinese)
[6]龙源,冯长根.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7.
[6]LONG Yuan,FENG Chang-gen.Study on propagation characteristics of blasting seismic waves in a rock mass medium and numerical calculation[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(3):1-7.(in Chinese)
[7]李洪涛,卢文波,舒大强,等.爆破地震波的能量衰减规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(S1):3364-3369.
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[8]郭学彬,肖正学,张继春,等.论爆破地震波在传播过程中的衰减特性[J].中国矿业,2006,15(3):51-53,57.
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[9]薛宗林,滕保华,苏佳胜.浅论多层介质中地震波的传播特性[J].物理与工程,2010(3):41-43.
[9]XUE Zong-lin,TENG Bao-hua,SU Jia-sheng.Discussion on the spreading characteristics of seismic waves in different geological distributions[J].Physics and Engineering,2010(3):41-43.(in Chinese)
[10]苏佳胜,滕保华,薛宗林.计入衰减的地震波传播特性研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(5):608-612.
[10]SU Jia-sheng,TENG Bao-hua,XUE Zong-lin.The research of the spreading characteristics of seismic waves with attenuating coefficients[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2010,7(5):608-612.(in Chinese)
[11]王明洋,唐廷,周泽平.断裂构造对爆炸地震波传播规律的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(S1):4635-4641.
[11]WANG Ming-yang,TANG Ting,ZHOU Ze-ping.Effects of geological structural faults on blasting seismic wave propagation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(S1):4635-4641.(in Chinese)
[12]SCHOENBERG M.Elastic wave behaviour across linear slip interfaces[J].J Acoust Soc Am 1980,68(5):1516-1521.
[13]PYRAK-NOLTE LJ.The seismic response of fractures and the interrelations among fracture properties[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 1996,33(8):787-802.
[14]ZHAO J,CAI J G.Transmission of elastic P-waves across single fracture with a nonlinear normal behaviour[J].Rock Mech Rock Eng 2001:34(1):3-22.
[15]单娜琳,程志平,刘云祯.工程地震勘探[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2010.
[16]UDEC(Universal Distinct Element Code)user’s manual Version 3.0[M].Itasca Consulting Group Inc,1996.
[17]赵坚,陈寿根,蔡军刚,等.用UDEC模拟爆炸波在节理岩体中的传播[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(2):111-115.
[17]ZHAO Jian,CHEN Shou-gen,CAI Jun-gang,et al.Simulation of blast wave propagation in jointed rock mass using UDEC[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2002,31(2):111-115.(in Chinese)
[18]夏祥,李俊如,李海波,等.爆破荷载作用下岩体振动特征的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2005,26(1):50-56.
[18]XIA Xiang,LI Jun-ru,LI Hai-bo,et al.Udec modeling of vibration characteristics of jointed rock mass under explosion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(1):50-56.(in Chinese)
[19]HONG Hao,Wu Cheng-qing.Scaled-distance relationships for chamber blast accidents in underground storage of explosives[J].International Journal of Blasting and Fragmentation,2001,5(1-2):57-90.
[20]凌同华.爆破震动效应及其灾害的主动控制[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.
[1]ZHAO Hong-ru,GUO Tie-shuan.A summary of engineering seismic prospecting[J].Progress in Geophysics,1994,9(3):80-86.(in Chinese)
[2]侯卫生,刘江平.工程地震勘探新进展[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(6):59-64.
[2]HOU Wei-sheng,LIU Jiang-ping.The evolvement of engineering seismic exploration[J].Progress in Exploration Geophysics,2002,25(6):59-64.(in Chinese)
[3]卢文波,董振华,朱传云.爆破地震波传播过程中衰减参数的确定[J].工程爆破,1997,3(4):12-16.
[3]LU Wen-bo,DONG Zhen-hua,ZHU Chuan-yun.Calculating of attenuation parameters of rock mass during the propagation of blasting seismic wave[J].Engineering Blasting,1997,3(4):12-16.(in Chinese)
[4]张永哲.爆破地震波传播特性研究[J].爆破,2000,17(S1):6-10.
[4]ZHANG Yong-zhe.Study on propagation characteristics of explosive seixmic wave[J].Blasting,2000,17(S1):6-10.(in Chinese)
[5]张义平,吴桂义.爆破地震波特性研究[J].矿业研究与开发,2007,27(6):68-72.
[5]ZHANG Yi-ping,WU Gui-yi.Study on characteristics of blasting-caused seismic wave[J].Mining Reasearch and Development,2007,27(6):68-72.(in Chinese)
[6]龙源,冯长根.爆破地震波在岩石介质中传播特性与数值计算研究[J].工程爆破,2000,6(3):1-7.
[6]LONG Yuan,FENG Chang-gen.Study on propagation characteristics of blasting seismic waves in a rock mass medium and numerical calculation[J].Engineering Blasting,2000,6(3):1-7.(in Chinese)
[7]李洪涛,卢文波,舒大强,等.爆破地震波的能量衰减规律研究[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2010,29(S1):3364-3369.
[7]LI Hong-tao,LU Wen-bo,SHU Da-qiang,et al.Study on energy attenuation law of blasting-induced seismic wave[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2010,29(S1):3364-3369.(in Chinese)
[8]郭学彬,肖正学,张继春,等.论爆破地震波在传播过程中的衰减特性[J].中国矿业,2006,15(3):51-53,57.
[8]GUO Xue-bin,XIAO Zheng-xue,ZHANG Ji-chun,et al.On attenuating characteristic of blasting seismic waves in propagation process[J].China Mining Magazine,2006,15(3):51-53,57.(in Chinese)
[9]薛宗林,滕保华,苏佳胜.浅论多层介质中地震波的传播特性[J].物理与工程,2010(3):41-43.
[9]XUE Zong-lin,TENG Bao-hua,SU Jia-sheng.Discussion on the spreading characteristics of seismic waves in different geological distributions[J].Physics and Engineering,2010(3):41-43.(in Chinese)
[10]苏佳胜,滕保华,薛宗林.计入衰减的地震波传播特性研究[J].工程地球物理学报,2010,7(5):608-612.
[10]SU Jia-sheng,TENG Bao-hua,XUE Zong-lin.The research of the spreading characteristics of seismic waves with attenuating coefficients[J].Chinese Journal of Engineering Geophysics,2010,7(5):608-612.(in Chinese)
[11]王明洋,唐廷,周泽平.断裂构造对爆炸地震波传播规律的影响[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2005,24(S1):4635-4641.
[11]WANG Ming-yang,TANG Ting,ZHOU Ze-ping.Effects of geological structural faults on blasting seismic wave propagation[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering,2005,24(S1):4635-4641.(in Chinese)
[12]SCHOENBERG M.Elastic wave behaviour across linear slip interfaces[J].J Acoust Soc Am 1980,68(5):1516-1521.
[13]PYRAK-NOLTE LJ.The seismic response of fractures and the interrelations among fracture properties[J].Int J Rock Mech Min Sci Geomech Abstr 1996,33(8):787-802.
[14]ZHAO J,CAI J G.Transmission of elastic P-waves across single fracture with a nonlinear normal behaviour[J].Rock Mech Rock Eng 2001:34(1):3-22.
[15]单娜琳,程志平,刘云祯.工程地震勘探[M].北京:冶金工业出版社,2010.
[16]UDEC(Universal Distinct Element Code)user’s manual Version 3.0[M].Itasca Consulting Group Inc,1996.
[17]赵坚,陈寿根,蔡军刚,等.用UDEC模拟爆炸波在节理岩体中的传播[J].中国矿业大学学报,2002,31(2):111-115.
[17]ZHAO Jian,CHEN Shou-gen,CAI Jun-gang,et al.Simulation of blast wave propagation in jointed rock mass using UDEC[J].Journal of China University of Mining&Technology,2002,31(2):111-115.(in Chinese)
[18]夏祥,李俊如,李海波,等.爆破荷载作用下岩体振动特征的数值模拟[J].岩土力学,2005,26(1):50-56.
[18]XIA Xiang,LI Jun-ru,LI Hai-bo,et al.Udec modeling of vibration characteristics of jointed rock mass under explosion[J].Rock and Soil Mechanics,2005,26(1):50-56.(in Chinese)
[19]HONG Hao,Wu Cheng-qing.Scaled-distance relationships for chamber blast accidents in underground storage of explosives[J].International Journal of Blasting and Fragmentation,2001,5(1-2):57-90.
[20]凌同华.爆破震动效应及其灾害的主动控制[D].长沙:中南大学,2004.
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