紫坪铺水库区域地壳Q_S动态变化及其与水库蓄水关系的研究
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摘要
利用2004年8月16日—2008年5月11日双差精定位后的地震S波资料,采用衰减层析成像方法对紫坪铺水库区域地壳QS进行动态衰减成像,反演得到了该区的QS动态演化特征.以1个月为步长、1年为窗长,计算了紫坪铺水库地区不同大小区域按月滑动的平均QS值,统计了不同震级范围按月滑动的地震频次,并分别与水位进行了对比分析.研究结果表明,水位首次快速加载后,紫坪铺水库低QS值区域范围扩大,QS值下降,水库西南区、东北区、库区中段、东北岸QS值的变化较为明显.紫坪铺水库不同大小区域按月滑动的平均QS值随蓄水时间的增加、水位的升高而减小,库区中段QS值下降最为剧烈.水库蓄水增强了该区的地震活动性,对ML0.0—2.0的小震活动影响较为显著.
Using a two-dimensional seismic attenuation tomography technique,the crustal QS dynamic variation in Zipingpu reservoir area,Sichuan Province,was obtained by inverting S-wave data from relocated earthquakes from 16 Aug.2004 to 11 May 2008 with the double-difference algorithm.Monthly moving average QS value in different-sized regions and earthquake frequency for different magnitude range were compared with the water level of the Zipingpu reservoir,respectively(the window length is 1 year and the step length is 1 month).The result shows that low-QS region expanded and QS value dropped significantly around the reservoir area during the first fast water-loading period.In particular,QS value varied remarkably in the southwestern,northeastern and middle parts of the reservoir area.Monthly moving average QS values for different-sized regions in the Zipingpu reservoir area decrease with elapsed impoundment time and increased water level,and the QS value in the middle reservoir area dropped sharply.Furthermore,the impoundment enhanced seismic activity in the reservoir area,and mainly increased activity of small earthquakes of ML0.0—2.0.
Using a two-dimensional seismic attenuation tomography technique,the crustal QS dynamic variation in Zipingpu reservoir area,Sichuan Province,was obtained by inverting S-wave data from relocated earthquakes from 16 Aug.2004 to 11 May 2008 with the double-difference algorithm.Monthly moving average QS value in different-sized regions and earthquake frequency for different magnitude range were compared with the water level of the Zipingpu reservoir,respectively(the window length is 1 year and the step length is 1 month).The result shows that low-QS region expanded and QS value dropped significantly around the reservoir area during the first fast water-loading period.In particular,QS value varied remarkably in the southwestern,northeastern and middle parts of the reservoir area.Monthly moving average QS values for different-sized regions in the Zipingpu reservoir area decrease with elapsed impoundment time and increased water level,and the QS value in the middle reservoir area dropped sharply.Furthermore,the impoundment enhanced seismic activity in the reservoir area,and mainly increased activity of small earthquakes of ML0.0—2.0.
引文
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王惠琳,张晓东,周龙泉,徐晓枫,杨志高,卢显,李智蓉.2012.紫坪铺水库区域地壳QS成像及其与渗透关系研究[J].地球物理学报,55(2):526--537.
张永久,赵翠萍.2009.紫坪铺水库库区介质衰减、台站响应和震源参数研究[J].地震地质,31(4):664--675.
周斌,薛世峰,邓志辉,孙峰,蒋海昆,张晓东,卢显.2010.水库诱发地震时空演化与库水加卸载及渗透过程的关系:以紫坪铺水库为例[J].地球物理学报,53(11):2651--2670.
周连庆,赵翠萍,陈章立.2009.紫坪铺水库地区尾波Qc值研究[J].地震,29(4):44--51.
周龙泉,刘杰,苏有锦,马宏生,周俊杰.2009.利用S波高频衰减参数对云南地区地壳Q值成像[J].地球物理学报,52(2):1500--1507.
Atkinson G M,Mereu R F.1992.The shape of ground motion attenuation curves in southeastern Canada[J].Bull SeismSoc Amer,82(5):2014--2031.
Brune J N.1970.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,75(26):4997--5009.
Cormier V F.1982.The effect of attenuation on seismic body waves[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,72(B6):169--200.
Eberhart-Phillips D,Chadwick M.2002.Three-dimensional attenuation model of the shallow Hikuangi subduction zonein the Raukumara Peninsula,New Zealand[J].J Geophys Res,107:2033,doi:10.1029/2000JB000046.
Hanks T C,Wyss M.1972.The use of body wave spectra in the determination of seismic source parameters[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,62(2):561--589.
Hansen S,Thurber C,Mandernach M,Haslinger F,Doran C.2004.Seismic velocity and attenuation structure of theeast rift zone and south Flank of Kilauea volcano,Hawaii[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,94(4):1430--1440.
Haberland C,Rietbrock A.2001.Attenuation tomography in the western central Andes:A detailed insight into thestructure of a magmatic arc[J].J Geophys Res,106(B6):11151--11167.
Johnston D H,Toksoz M N,Timur A.1979.Attenuation of seismic wave in dry and saturated rocks:Ⅱ.Mechanisms[J].Geophysics,44(4):691--711.
Mavko G M,Nur A.1979.Wave attenuation in partially saturated rocks[J].Geophysics,44(2):161--178.
Rietbrock A.2001.P wave attenuation structure in the fault area of the1995Kobe earthquake[J].J Geophys Res,106(B3):4141--4154.
Scherbaum F.1990.Combined inversion for the three-dimensional Q structure and source parameters usingmicroear thquake spectra[J].J Geophys Res,95(B8):12423--12438.
Walsh J B.1966.Seismic waves attenuation in rock due to friction[J].J Geophys Res,71(10):2591--2599.
Wittlinger G H,Haessler H,Granet M.1983.Three dimensional inversion of QPfrom low magnitude earthquakesanalysis[J].Ann Geophys,1(6):427--438.
郭永刚,常廷改,苏克忠.2008.汶川8.0级特大地震与紫坪铺水库蓄水关系的讨论[J].震害防御技术,3(3):259-265.
李亚林,贺振华,黄德济,单钰铭.2001.岩石孔渗特性与地震波衰减、传播速度的相互关系[J].天然气工业,21(4):7--11.
刘建华,胥颐,郝天珧.2004.地震波衰减的物理机制研究[J].地球物理学进展,19(1):1--7.
刘杰,郑斯华,黄玉龙.2003.利用遗传算法反演非弹性衰减系数、震源参数和场地响应[J].地震学报,25(2):211-218.
卢显,张晓东,周龙泉,张致伟.2010.紫坪铺水库库区地震精定位研究及分析[J].地震,30(2):10--19.
施行觉,徐果明,靳平,卢振刚,刘文忠.1995.岩石的含水饱和度对纵、横波速及衰减影响的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,38(1):281--287.
苏有锦,刘杰,郑斯华,刘丽芳,付虹,徐彦.2006.云南地区S波非弹性衰减Q值研究[J].地震学报,28(2):206-212.
汪素云,裴顺平,Thomas M Heam,许忠淮,James F Ni,俞言祥.2008.利用ML振幅研究地壳横波Q值Ⅱ:Q横向变化特征[J].地球物理学报,51(1):133--139.
王大兴,辛可锋,李幼铭,高静怀,伍向阳.2006.地层条件下砂岩含水饱和度对波速及衰减影响的实验研究[J].地球物理学报,49(3):908--914.
王惠琳,张晓东,周龙泉,徐晓枫,杨志高,卢显,李智蓉.2012.紫坪铺水库区域地壳QS成像及其与渗透关系研究[J].地球物理学报,55(2):526--537.
张永久,赵翠萍.2009.紫坪铺水库库区介质衰减、台站响应和震源参数研究[J].地震地质,31(4):664--675.
周斌,薛世峰,邓志辉,孙峰,蒋海昆,张晓东,卢显.2010.水库诱发地震时空演化与库水加卸载及渗透过程的关系:以紫坪铺水库为例[J].地球物理学报,53(11):2651--2670.
周连庆,赵翠萍,陈章立.2009.紫坪铺水库地区尾波Qc值研究[J].地震,29(4):44--51.
周龙泉,刘杰,苏有锦,马宏生,周俊杰.2009.利用S波高频衰减参数对云南地区地壳Q值成像[J].地球物理学报,52(2):1500--1507.
Atkinson G M,Mereu R F.1992.The shape of ground motion attenuation curves in southeastern Canada[J].Bull SeismSoc Amer,82(5):2014--2031.
Brune J N.1970.Tectonic stress and the spectra of seismic shear waves from earthquakes[J].J Geophys Res,75(26):4997--5009.
Cormier V F.1982.The effect of attenuation on seismic body waves[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,72(B6):169--200.
Eberhart-Phillips D,Chadwick M.2002.Three-dimensional attenuation model of the shallow Hikuangi subduction zonein the Raukumara Peninsula,New Zealand[J].J Geophys Res,107:2033,doi:10.1029/2000JB000046.
Hanks T C,Wyss M.1972.The use of body wave spectra in the determination of seismic source parameters[J].BullSeism Soc Amer,62(2):561--589.
Hansen S,Thurber C,Mandernach M,Haslinger F,Doran C.2004.Seismic velocity and attenuation structure of theeast rift zone and south Flank of Kilauea volcano,Hawaii[J].Bull Seism Soc Amer,94(4):1430--1440.
Haberland C,Rietbrock A.2001.Attenuation tomography in the western central Andes:A detailed insight into thestructure of a magmatic arc[J].J Geophys Res,106(B6):11151--11167.
Johnston D H,Toksoz M N,Timur A.1979.Attenuation of seismic wave in dry and saturated rocks:Ⅱ.Mechanisms[J].Geophysics,44(4):691--711.
Mavko G M,Nur A.1979.Wave attenuation in partially saturated rocks[J].Geophysics,44(2):161--178.
Rietbrock A.2001.P wave attenuation structure in the fault area of the1995Kobe earthquake[J].J Geophys Res,106(B3):4141--4154.
Scherbaum F.1990.Combined inversion for the three-dimensional Q structure and source parameters usingmicroear thquake spectra[J].J Geophys Res,95(B8):12423--12438.
Walsh J B.1966.Seismic waves attenuation in rock due to friction[J].J Geophys Res,71(10):2591--2599.
Wittlinger G H,Haessler H,Granet M.1983.Three dimensional inversion of QPfrom low magnitude earthquakesanalysis[J].Ann Geophys,1(6):427--438.
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