应用地震连续形变观测技术有效监测地震前兆
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摘要
依据地震观测技术的基本原理和大量观测事实,给出统一的地震连续形变观测技术仪器的特性曲线,分析和解释其对"前兆"信息响应差异的根本原因。地震连续形变前兆仪器对地震及其前兆响应的差异是因为仪器的传递函数不同和特性所致;其前兆观测中的分钟值采样数据中发现的震颤异常波,只是真实信号的一种"混叠"或映射,难以反映真实的地面运动。强震前的震颤异常波是否与地震有关?是否是震兆?尚需做更深入细致的分析和研究。
In daily monitoring of seismic crustal deformation,we often found out that there are some abnormal microseisms in the tidal signals.These microseisms called abnormal tremor wave are observed by the broadband digital seismograph.This article reports a lot of the abnormal tremor waves recorded by DZW gravimeter and VS-1 tiltmeter in HUST seismic and tidal station.According to the principle of seismic measuring techniques and observations,we present a unified characteristic curve for seismic crustal deformation observation techniques,analyze and explain them to the roots of different precursory response.The differences of the response to the abnormal tremor waves are mainly decided by the transfer function and the features of the instruments.The seismic crustal deformation instruments are sampling per minute,so the abnormal tremor waves are the aliasing or mapping of the real signals,it can not reflect the true ground motion.Are the abnormal tremor waves before an earthquake related to the earthquake? Is it precursor? We need to analyze and research deeply.This article aims to discuss and expound how to more effectively and accurately obtain earthquake precursor,promote earthquake precursory observation techniques scientific and standardization,breakthrough earthquake monitoring by the bottleneck,and improve the ability of earthquake monitoring and prediction.
In daily monitoring of seismic crustal deformation,we often found out that there are some abnormal microseisms in the tidal signals.These microseisms called abnormal tremor wave are observed by the broadband digital seismograph.This article reports a lot of the abnormal tremor waves recorded by DZW gravimeter and VS-1 tiltmeter in HUST seismic and tidal station.According to the principle of seismic measuring techniques and observations,we present a unified characteristic curve for seismic crustal deformation observation techniques,analyze and explain them to the roots of different precursory response.The differences of the response to the abnormal tremor waves are mainly decided by the transfer function and the features of the instruments.The seismic crustal deformation instruments are sampling per minute,so the abnormal tremor waves are the aliasing or mapping of the real signals,it can not reflect the true ground motion.Are the abnormal tremor waves before an earthquake related to the earthquake? Is it precursor? We need to analyze and research deeply.This article aims to discuss and expound how to more effectively and accurately obtain earthquake precursor,promote earthquake precursory observation techniques scientific and standardization,breakthrough earthquake monitoring by the bottleneck,and improve the ability of earthquake monitoring and prediction.
引文
1张雁滨,等.宽频地震计及倾斜、重力仪对长周期波动信号的综合观测[J].地震学报,2008,30(6):626-33.(Zhang Yanbin,et al.Joint observation of long period tremorsignals with broadband seismometer,tiltmeter and gravimeter[J].Acta Seismologica Sinica,2008,21(6):629-635)
2蒋骏,等.潮汐测量中异常“震颤”信号的综合观测与挖掘[J].国际地震动态,2008,(11):121-121.(JiangJun,et al.Synthetic experimentation and excavation of ab-normal tremors with tidal measurement[J].Recent Develop-ments in World Seismology,2008,(11):121-121)
3蒋骏,等.汶川8.0级地震前的“震颤异常波”甄别[J].国际地震动态,2009,(4):35-35.(Jiang Jun,et al."The abnormal tremor wave"screening before the May 12Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Recent Devel-opments in World Seismology,2009,(4):35-35)
4杨又陵,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山口西M8.1地震前的缓慢地震事件[J].国际地震动态,2003,(9):1-4.(Yang Youling,et al.The slow earthquake event occurringbefore west to Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquake ofMs 8.1on November 14,2001[J].Recent Developments in WorldSeismology,2003,(9):1-4)
5陈德福.潮汐形变前驱波的时空特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(2):24-30.(Che Defu.Space-timecharacteristics of tidal deformation precursor[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(2):24-30)
6郝晓光,等.汶川大地震前的重力扰动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(3):129-131.(Hao Xiaoguang,et al.Gravity disturbance before WenchuanMs8.0 earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008,(3):129-131)
7胡小刚,郝晓光.汶川大地震宽带地震仪短临异常及成因初探[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(6):1 726-1 734.(Hu Xiaogang and Hao Xiaoguan.The short-term anoma-lies detected by broadband seismographs before the May 12Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Chinese J Geo-physics,2008,51(6):1 726-1 734)
8傅容珊,等.地震前兆还是其他因素?——与“汶川大地震宽带地震仪短临异常及成因初探”作者商榷[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(2):584-589.(Fu Rongshan,etal.Earthquake auspice or other factor?——Discuss withauthors of the paper“The short-term anomalies detected bybroadband seismographs before the May 12 Wenchuan earth-quake,Sichuan,China”[J].Chinese J Geophysics,2009,52(2):584-589)
9周龙寿,邱泽华,唐磊.汶川8.0级地震前驱波的统计检验[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2009,(2):24-29.(Zhou Longshou,Qiu Zehua and Tang Lei.Statistical testprecursory waves befor WenchuanMs8.0 earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2009,29(2):24-29)
10韦进,等.汶川地震前成都台重力的高频扰动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2009,(Supp.):15-19.(Wei Jin,etal.Gravity disturbance of high frequency of Chengdu seis-mostation before WenchuanMs8.0 earthquake[J].Journalof Geodesy and Geodynamics,2009,(supp.):15-19)
11蒋骏,等.DZW重力仪和VS-1倾斜仪的传递函数与响应特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2010,(3):151-155.(Jiang Jun,et al.Transfer functions and response ofDZW gravimeter and VS-1 tiltmeter[J].Journal of Geodesyand Geodynamics,2010,(3):151-155)
12陈鑫连,张奕麟,蔡惟鑫.地壳变动连续观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.(Chen Xinlian,Zhang Yilin andCai Weixin.Crustal change continuous observation technolo-gy[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1989)
13蒋骏,苏红梅,张雁滨.低频信号的精确采集与处理[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(3):127-130.(JiangJun,Su Hongmei and Zhang Yanbin.Accurate acquisitionand processing of lowfrequency signal[J].Journal of Geod-esy and Geodynamics,2006,(3):127-130)
14张雁滨,等.热带气旋引起的震颤波[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(2):335-341.(Zhang Yanbin,et al.The tropiccyclone aroused the tremor[J].Chinese J Geophysics,2010,53(2):335-341)
15蒋骏,等.地震前兆信息处理与软件系统(EIS2000)[M].北京:地震出版社,2000.(Jiang Jun,et al.Earth-quake precursors information processing and software sys-tems(EIS2000)[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2000)
2蒋骏,等.潮汐测量中异常“震颤”信号的综合观测与挖掘[J].国际地震动态,2008,(11):121-121.(JiangJun,et al.Synthetic experimentation and excavation of ab-normal tremors with tidal measurement[J].Recent Develop-ments in World Seismology,2008,(11):121-121)
3蒋骏,等.汶川8.0级地震前的“震颤异常波”甄别[J].国际地震动态,2009,(4):35-35.(Jiang Jun,et al."The abnormal tremor wave"screening before the May 12Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Recent Devel-opments in World Seismology,2009,(4):35-35)
4杨又陵,等.2001年11月14日昆仑山口西M8.1地震前的缓慢地震事件[J].国际地震动态,2003,(9):1-4.(Yang Youling,et al.The slow earthquake event occurringbefore west to Kunlun Mountain Pass earthquake ofMs 8.1on November 14,2001[J].Recent Developments in WorldSeismology,2003,(9):1-4)
5陈德福.潮汐形变前驱波的时空特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(2):24-30.(Che Defu.Space-timecharacteristics of tidal deformation precursor[J].Journal ofGeodesy and Geodynamics,2006,(2):24-30)
6郝晓光,等.汶川大地震前的重力扰动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2008,(3):129-131.(Hao Xiaoguang,et al.Gravity disturbance before WenchuanMs8.0 earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2008,(3):129-131)
7胡小刚,郝晓光.汶川大地震宽带地震仪短临异常及成因初探[J].地球物理学报,2008,51(6):1 726-1 734.(Hu Xiaogang and Hao Xiaoguan.The short-term anoma-lies detected by broadband seismographs before the May 12Wenchuan earthquake,Sichuan,China[J].Chinese J Geo-physics,2008,51(6):1 726-1 734)
8傅容珊,等.地震前兆还是其他因素?——与“汶川大地震宽带地震仪短临异常及成因初探”作者商榷[J].地球物理学报,2009,52(2):584-589.(Fu Rongshan,etal.Earthquake auspice or other factor?——Discuss withauthors of the paper“The short-term anomalies detected bybroadband seismographs before the May 12 Wenchuan earth-quake,Sichuan,China”[J].Chinese J Geophysics,2009,52(2):584-589)
9周龙寿,邱泽华,唐磊.汶川8.0级地震前驱波的统计检验[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2009,(2):24-29.(Zhou Longshou,Qiu Zehua and Tang Lei.Statistical testprecursory waves befor WenchuanMs8.0 earthquake[J].Journal of Geodesy and Geodynamics,2009,29(2):24-29)
10韦进,等.汶川地震前成都台重力的高频扰动[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2009,(Supp.):15-19.(Wei Jin,etal.Gravity disturbance of high frequency of Chengdu seis-mostation before WenchuanMs8.0 earthquake[J].Journalof Geodesy and Geodynamics,2009,(supp.):15-19)
11蒋骏,等.DZW重力仪和VS-1倾斜仪的传递函数与响应特征[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2010,(3):151-155.(Jiang Jun,et al.Transfer functions and response ofDZW gravimeter and VS-1 tiltmeter[J].Journal of Geodesyand Geodynamics,2010,(3):151-155)
12陈鑫连,张奕麟,蔡惟鑫.地壳变动连续观测技术[M].北京:地震出版社,1989.(Chen Xinlian,Zhang Yilin andCai Weixin.Crustal change continuous observation technolo-gy[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,1989)
13蒋骏,苏红梅,张雁滨.低频信号的精确采集与处理[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2006,(3):127-130.(JiangJun,Su Hongmei and Zhang Yanbin.Accurate acquisitionand processing of lowfrequency signal[J].Journal of Geod-esy and Geodynamics,2006,(3):127-130)
14张雁滨,等.热带气旋引起的震颤波[J].地球物理学报,2010,53(2):335-341.(Zhang Yanbin,et al.The tropiccyclone aroused the tremor[J].Chinese J Geophysics,2010,53(2):335-341)
15蒋骏,等.地震前兆信息处理与软件系统(EIS2000)[M].北京:地震出版社,2000.(Jiang Jun,et al.Earth-quake precursors information processing and software sys-tems(EIS2000)[M].Beijing:Seismological Press,2000)
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