井间地震野外资料的叠前波动方程深度偏移
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摘要
为了得到较好的井间资料偏移剖面，本文对井间野外资料做了一系列处理。首先根据资料的走时、频谱分析和测井资料等确定了纵、横波初至，并分别用不同的频带对资料作了滤波处理及纵、横波初至能量切除，得到了加强了反射波的纵、横坡资料。利用层折反演得到的速度和测井资料构造出了偏移速度模型。通过对纵、横波资料实施偏移，得到了高分辨率的地下构造图像。井间资料层析反演得到的速度探测范围仅局限于观测范围以内，而偏移图像同层析图像相比不仅大大提高了对地下构造的分辨率，而且拓宽了视角范围，它给出了观测范围以外的地下构造的像。若在此基础上综合岩性剖面、测井资料、VSP资料及地面资料等进行分析和解释，定能建立一个用于油气勘探、开发的精细地质模型。
A series of processing steps for crosshole scismic data were taken to get better migrationresults. First break timcs of P-wave and S-wavc of the data were firstly determined upon itstraveltimes, spectral analysis and wcll logging data. The data with enhanced P-wave rcflectionsand S-wave reflections were acquired through bandpass filtering and first break energy muting.We constructcd a migration ve locity modcl from tomography velocity and sonic logging data' Basedon the velocity modcl, we finally got a high rcsolution seismic imagc between two wclls aftertaking prestack wave equation depth migration. Whilc thc imaging rcgion of velocities fromtraveltime tomography is limited to the area of field survey, migration results of crossholc scismicdata not only improve exploration resolution, but enlargc our scopc to probe the earth 's interior,which give us the image beyond the region of field measurement. lf a comprchensivc data set oflithological section, logging data, VSP data and surface data is built, we can thcn form a fine andaccuratc geological model for oil and gas exploration and cxploitation.
A series of processing steps for crosshole scismic data were taken to get better migrationresults. First break timcs of P-wave and S-wavc of the data were firstly determined upon itstraveltimes, spectral analysis and wcll logging data. The data with enhanced P-wave rcflectionsand S-wave reflections were acquired through bandpass filtering and first break energy muting.We constructcd a migration ve locity modcl from tomography velocity and sonic logging data' Basedon the velocity modcl, we finally got a high rcsolution seismic imagc between two wclls aftertaking prestack wave equation depth migration. Whilc thc imaging rcgion of velocities fromtraveltime tomography is limited to the area of field survey, migration results of crossholc scismicdata not only improve exploration resolution, but enlargc our scopc to probe the earth 's interior,which give us the image beyond the region of field measurement. lf a comprchensivc data set oflithological section, logging data, VSP data and surface data is built, we can thcn form a fine andaccuratc geological model for oil and gas exploration and cxploitation.
引文
[1]刘清林等,VSP资料的双程无反射波动方程深度偏移,(89)北京国际计算地球物理研讨会,1989年,北京。
[2]刘清林,求解3D程函方程的波前扩展法,《石油物探》,Vol.31,No.4,1992。
[3]刘清林,初至波射线路径的追踪,《石油物探》,Vol.32,No.2.1993。
[4]李文龙等,“八五”攻关项目“井间CT研究报告”,地矿部石油物探研究所,1995年。
[5]Harris,J.M,等,西得克萨斯地区的高分辨率井间地震成像,《第62届SEG年会论文集》BG1.2、BG1. 3、BG1. 4、BG1. 5、BG1. 6,石油工业出版社,1993年。
[6] Qin,F.H等,Solution of the cikonal equation by a finite difference method,60th SEG.1990.
[7]刘清林,论地震初至波走时的算法,《地球物理学进展》,Vol.6,No.3,1991。
[2]刘清林,求解3D程函方程的波前扩展法,《石油物探》,Vol.31,No.4,1992。
[3]刘清林,初至波射线路径的追踪,《石油物探》,Vol.32,No.2.1993。
[4]李文龙等,“八五”攻关项目“井间CT研究报告”,地矿部石油物探研究所,1995年。
[5]Harris,J.M,等,西得克萨斯地区的高分辨率井间地震成像,《第62届SEG年会论文集》BG1.2、BG1. 3、BG1. 4、BG1. 5、BG1. 6,石油工业出版社,1993年。
[6] Qin,F.H等,Solution of the cikonal equation by a finite difference method,60th SEG.1990.
[7]刘清林,论地震初至波走时的算法,《地球物理学进展》,Vol.6,No.3,1991。
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