汶川地震道路震害及对新建川藏交通干线的启示
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摘要
汶川地震震害调查为强震区线路工程建设提供了宝贵的震害经验。从地貌学的角度出发,发现道路工程通过汶川震区中低山丘陵区和高山峡谷区具有直接震害与间接震害两种不同的震害类型,归纳总结不同地貌区工程结构物的震害特征及防范对策,并将其应用到新建川藏交通干线的定线策略和工程选型中。研究结果表明:①在强震作用下,鲜水河谷与无量河谷的线路工程将以直接震害为主,定线时主要采用路基、矮桥、短隧的方式通过,同时要加强路基震陷的防治;②新建线路通过帕隆藏布河谷时将以地震触发山地灾害所造成的间接震害为主,采用隧道方式走较高线位通过,以规避地震次生山地灾害的不良影响,同时可以减轻高地应力对隧道工程震害的影响。
Valuable lessons were learned from Wenchuan earthquake for line engineering to be constructed in meizoseismal area.In the view of geomorphy,seismic damage characteristics and countermeasures of road engineering in Wenchuan earthquake were summarized,and that were applied to the alignment strategy and structural forms selection of the artery traffic of Sichuan-Tibet to be constructed.The main results of this research can be summarized as follows:(1) Line engineering will be suffered from direct seismic damage across Xianshuihe valley and Wulianghe valley,and aseismic design of structure is needed.(2) Line engineering will be suffered from indirect seismic damage caused by mountain hazards triggered by great earthquake across Parlung Zangbo valley,aseismically designed tunnel with high position is needed to avoid the effect of seismic secondary disaster.
Valuable lessons were learned from Wenchuan earthquake for line engineering to be constructed in meizoseismal area.In the view of geomorphy,seismic damage characteristics and countermeasures of road engineering in Wenchuan earthquake were summarized,and that were applied to the alignment strategy and structural forms selection of the artery traffic of Sichuan-Tibet to be constructed.The main results of this research can be summarized as follows:(1) Line engineering will be suffered from direct seismic damage across Xianshuihe valley and Wulianghe valley,and aseismic design of structure is needed.(2) Line engineering will be suffered from indirect seismic damage caused by mountain hazards triggered by great earthquake across Parlung Zangbo valley,aseismically designed tunnel with high position is needed to avoid the effect of seismic secondary disaster.
引文
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[3]吉随旺,唐永建,胡德贵,等.四川省汶川地震灾区干线公路典型震害特征分析[J].岩石力学与工程学报,2009,28(6):1250-1260(Ji Suiwang,Tang Yongjian,HuDegui,et al.Analysis of typical seismic damages ofhighway in Wenchuan earthquake-induced hazard areas inSichuan provence[J].Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanicsand Engineering,2009,28(6):1250-1260(in Chinese))
[4]徐华.高烈度区山岭隧道地震动力响应及抗震稳定性研究[D].成都:成都理工大学,2009(Xu Hua.Research on seismic dynamic response and aseismicstability of mountain tunnel in high-intensity zone[D].Chengdu:Chengdu University of Technology,2009(inChinese))
[5]崔鹏,何思明,姚令侃,等.汶川地震山地灾害形成机理与风险控制[M].北京:科学出版社,2011
[6]《四川地震资料汇编》编辑组.四川地震资料汇编[M].成都:四川人民出版社,1980
[7]唐荣昌,文德华,邓天岗,等.1973年炉霍7.9级地震的地裂缝特征及地震成因的初步探讨[J].地球物理学报,1976,19(1):18-27(Tang Rongchang,Wen Dehua,Deng Tiangang,et al.A preliminary study on thecharacteristics of the ground fractures during the Luhuo M=7.9 earthquake,1973 and the origin of the earthquake[J].Acta Geophysica Sinica,1976,19(1):18-27(inChinese))
[8]杨逸畴,李炳元,尹泽生,等.西藏地貌[M].北京:科学出版社,1983
[9]游泽李,吴芝雄,谢乐今.西藏察隅8.6级地震的烈度分布[J].东北地震研究,1991,7(1):94-102(You Zeli,Wu Zhixiong,Xie Lejin.Intensity distribution of Chayuearthquake with M=8.6[J].Northeastern SeismologicalResearch,1991,7(1):94-102(in Chinese))
[10]中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所,西藏自治区交通科学研究所.川藏公路典型山地灾害研究[M].成都:成都科技大学出版社,1999(Institute ofMountain Hazards and Enviroment,the Chinese Academyof Sciences and Water Conservancy Ministry,Chengdu,Institute of the Traffic Science,the Traffic Department ofthe Tibet Autonomous Region.A study of typical mountainhazards along Sichuan-Tibet highway[M].Chengdu:Chengdu Science and Technology University PublishingHouse,1999(in Chinese))
[11]黄彩权.1948年理塘7(1/4)级地震的发震断裂及地震破裂带特征[J].四川地震,1983,(2):1-3
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