则木河断裂上古地震破裂与小型三角状拉分盆地演化
摘要
古地震研究的主要技术途径是通过探槽开挖揭露大地震的地表变形遗迹,好的探槽开挖地点选择,是完整的揭露古地震记录、获取测年样品的基本保证.本文通过三维探槽开挖,揭露了则木河断裂大箐梁子地点小型三角状拉分盆地空间结构,探讨了古地震地表破裂与盆地发育过程的响应关系和古地震识别模式.该拉分盆地沉积边界受断层的控制,伴随着不同期次的古地震事件,发育相对应的一系列的充填楔体,地层沉积单元也呈现出北薄南厚的堆积特征,表明盆地发育过程是一个由多次古地震同震拉张变形条件下连续的地层堆积响应过程.小型拉分盆地是活动走滑断层探槽开挖选址和古地震研究的良好场所.
引文
1Sieh K E.Lateral offsets and revised dates of large earthquakes at Pallett Creek,California.J Geophys Res,1984,89:7641-7670
2Schwartz D P,Coppersmith K J.Fault behavior and characteristic earthquakes:Examples from the Wasatch and San Andreas fault zones.J Geophys Res,1984,89:5681-5698
3Wallace R E.A perspective of paleoseismology.Open File Report,1987.87-683
4Crone A J,Machette M N,Bonilla M G.Surface faulting accompanying the Borah Peak earthquake and segmentation of the Lost River fault,central Idaho.Bull Seism Soc Am,1987,77:739-770
5Yeats R S.Introduction to special section:Paleoseismology.J Geophys Res,1996,101:5847-5853
6冉勇康,邓起东.古地震学研究的历史、现状和发展趋势.科学通报,1999,44:12-20
7邓起东,陈立春,冉勇康.活动构造定量研究与应用.地学前缘,2004,11:383-392
8张培震,闵伟,邓起东,等.海原活动断裂带的古地震与强震复发规律.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2003,33:705-713
9Liu-Zeng J,Klinger Y,Sieh K,et al.Serial ruptures of the San Andreas fault,Carrizo Plain,California,revealed by three-dimensional excavations.J Geophys Res,2006,111:B2
10McCalpin J.Paleoseismology.2nd ed.New York:Academic Press,2009.1-802
11Swan F H,Schwartz D P,Cluff L S.Recurrence of moderate-to-large magnitude earthquakes produced by surface faulting on the Wasatch Fault Zone,Utah.Bull Seism Soc Am,1980,70:1431-1462
12Carver G A.Geologic criteria for recognition of individual paleoseismic events in compressional tectonic environments.USGS Open File Report,1987,87:115-128
13Nelson A G.A facies model of colluvial sedimentation adjacent to a single-event normal fault scarp,Basin and Range Province,Western United States.USGS Open File Report,1987,87:136-145
14邓起东,张培震.史前古地震的逆断层崩积楔.科学通报,2000,45:650-655
15Sieh K E.Prehistoric large earthquake produced by slip on the San Andreas Fault at Pallett Creek,California.J Geophys Res,1978,83:3907-3939
16Hartleb R D,Dolan J F,Akyuz H.,et al.A2000-year-long paleoseismologic record of earthquakes along the central north Anatolian Fault,from trenches at Alayurt,Turkey.Bull Seism Soc Am,2003,93:1935-1954
17Hartleb R D,Dolan J F,Kozaci O,et al.A2500-yr-long paleoseismologic record of large,infrequent earthquakes on the North Anatolian fault at Cukurcimen,Turkey.GSA Bull,2006,118:823-840
18Rockwell T,Seitz G,Young J,et al.Late Holocene earthquake history of the Anza seismic gap,central San Jacinto fault zone,southern California.Final Tech Rep USGS,NEHRP Grant No.04-HQ-GR-0083,2004.1-14
19李传友,张培震,袁道阳,等.活动走滑断裂上断塞塘沉积特征及其构造含义——以西秦岭北缘断裂带断塞塘为例.地质学报,2010,84:90-105
20冉勇康,段瑞涛,邓起东,等.海原断裂高湾子地点三维探槽的开挖和古地震研究.地震地质,1997,19:97-106
21冉勇康,陈立春,程建武,等.安宁河断裂冕宁以北晚第四纪地表变形与强震破裂行为.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38:543-554
22Liu-Zeng J,Klinger Y,Xu X W,et al.Millennial recurrence of large earthquakes on the Haiyuan fault near Songshan,Gansu Province,China.Bull Seism Soc Am,2007,97:14-34
23Dawson T E,McGill S F,Rockwell T K.Irregular recurrence of paleoearthquakes along the central Garlock fault near El Paso Peaks,California.J Geophys Res,2003,108:2356-2385
24Yule D,Sieh K.The paleoseismic record at Burro Flats:Evidence for a300-year average recurrence for large earthquakes on the San Andreas fault in San Gorgonio Pass,southern California(abstract).Geol Soc Am Abstr,2001,33:31
25Fumal,T E,Pezzopane S K,Weldon R J,et al.A100-year average recurrence interval for the San Andreas Fault at Wrightwood,California.Science,1993,259:199-203
26Fumal T E,Weldon R J,Biasi G P,et al.Evidence for large earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault at the Wrightwood,California,Paleoseismic Site:A.D.500to present.Bull Seism Soc Am,2002,92:2726-2760
27Weldon R J,Fumal T E,Powers T J,et al.Structure and earthquake offsets on the San Andreas Fault at the Wrightwood,California,Paleoseismic Site.Bull Seism Soc Am,2002,92:2704-2725
28国家地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录.北京:地震出版社,1995
29田勤俭,任治坤,张军龙.则木河断裂带大箐梁子附近古地震组合探槽研究.地震地质,2008,30:400-411
30Ren Z K,Lin A M.Deformation characteristics of co-seismic surface ruptures produced by the1850M7.5Xichang earthquake on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.J Asian Earth Sci,2010,38:1-13
31Wang H,Ran Y K,Li Y B,et al.Holocene paleoseismologic record of earthquakes on the Zemuhe fault on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Geophys J Int,2013,193:11-28
32He H L,Oguchi T.Late Quaternary activity of the Zemuhe and Xiaojiang faults in southwest China from geomorphological mapping.Geomorphology,2008,96:62-85
33冯元保,杜平山.1850年西昌地震地表破裂带.四川地震,2000,1:80-96
34任金卫,李坪.四川西昌1850年地震地表破裂特征研究.地震地质,1993,15:97-106
35俞维贤,宋方敏,等.1850年西昌地震地表破裂带的考察研究.地震研究,2001,24:346-350
36邓起东,冉勇康,杨晓平,等.中国活动构造图(1:4000000).北京:地震出版社,2007
37He H L,Ren J W.Holocene earthquakes on the Zemuhe Fault in Southwestern China.Ann Geophys,2003,46:1035-1051
2Schwartz D P,Coppersmith K J.Fault behavior and characteristic earthquakes:Examples from the Wasatch and San Andreas fault zones.J Geophys Res,1984,89:5681-5698
3Wallace R E.A perspective of paleoseismology.Open File Report,1987.87-683
4Crone A J,Machette M N,Bonilla M G.Surface faulting accompanying the Borah Peak earthquake and segmentation of the Lost River fault,central Idaho.Bull Seism Soc Am,1987,77:739-770
5Yeats R S.Introduction to special section:Paleoseismology.J Geophys Res,1996,101:5847-5853
6冉勇康,邓起东.古地震学研究的历史、现状和发展趋势.科学通报,1999,44:12-20
7邓起东,陈立春,冉勇康.活动构造定量研究与应用.地学前缘,2004,11:383-392
8张培震,闵伟,邓起东,等.海原活动断裂带的古地震与强震复发规律.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2003,33:705-713
9Liu-Zeng J,Klinger Y,Sieh K,et al.Serial ruptures of the San Andreas fault,Carrizo Plain,California,revealed by three-dimensional excavations.J Geophys Res,2006,111:B2
10McCalpin J.Paleoseismology.2nd ed.New York:Academic Press,2009.1-802
11Swan F H,Schwartz D P,Cluff L S.Recurrence of moderate-to-large magnitude earthquakes produced by surface faulting on the Wasatch Fault Zone,Utah.Bull Seism Soc Am,1980,70:1431-1462
12Carver G A.Geologic criteria for recognition of individual paleoseismic events in compressional tectonic environments.USGS Open File Report,1987,87:115-128
13Nelson A G.A facies model of colluvial sedimentation adjacent to a single-event normal fault scarp,Basin and Range Province,Western United States.USGS Open File Report,1987,87:136-145
14邓起东,张培震.史前古地震的逆断层崩积楔.科学通报,2000,45:650-655
15Sieh K E.Prehistoric large earthquake produced by slip on the San Andreas Fault at Pallett Creek,California.J Geophys Res,1978,83:3907-3939
16Hartleb R D,Dolan J F,Akyuz H.,et al.A2000-year-long paleoseismologic record of earthquakes along the central north Anatolian Fault,from trenches at Alayurt,Turkey.Bull Seism Soc Am,2003,93:1935-1954
17Hartleb R D,Dolan J F,Kozaci O,et al.A2500-yr-long paleoseismologic record of large,infrequent earthquakes on the North Anatolian fault at Cukurcimen,Turkey.GSA Bull,2006,118:823-840
18Rockwell T,Seitz G,Young J,et al.Late Holocene earthquake history of the Anza seismic gap,central San Jacinto fault zone,southern California.Final Tech Rep USGS,NEHRP Grant No.04-HQ-GR-0083,2004.1-14
19李传友,张培震,袁道阳,等.活动走滑断裂上断塞塘沉积特征及其构造含义——以西秦岭北缘断裂带断塞塘为例.地质学报,2010,84:90-105
20冉勇康,段瑞涛,邓起东,等.海原断裂高湾子地点三维探槽的开挖和古地震研究.地震地质,1997,19:97-106
21冉勇康,陈立春,程建武,等.安宁河断裂冕宁以北晚第四纪地表变形与强震破裂行为.中国科学D辑:地球科学,2008,38:543-554
22Liu-Zeng J,Klinger Y,Xu X W,et al.Millennial recurrence of large earthquakes on the Haiyuan fault near Songshan,Gansu Province,China.Bull Seism Soc Am,2007,97:14-34
23Dawson T E,McGill S F,Rockwell T K.Irregular recurrence of paleoearthquakes along the central Garlock fault near El Paso Peaks,California.J Geophys Res,2003,108:2356-2385
24Yule D,Sieh K.The paleoseismic record at Burro Flats:Evidence for a300-year average recurrence for large earthquakes on the San Andreas fault in San Gorgonio Pass,southern California(abstract).Geol Soc Am Abstr,2001,33:31
25Fumal,T E,Pezzopane S K,Weldon R J,et al.A100-year average recurrence interval for the San Andreas Fault at Wrightwood,California.Science,1993,259:199-203
26Fumal T E,Weldon R J,Biasi G P,et al.Evidence for large earthquakes on the San Andreas Fault at the Wrightwood,California,Paleoseismic Site:A.D.500to present.Bull Seism Soc Am,2002,92:2726-2760
27Weldon R J,Fumal T E,Powers T J,et al.Structure and earthquake offsets on the San Andreas Fault at the Wrightwood,California,Paleoseismic Site.Bull Seism Soc Am,2002,92:2704-2725
28国家地震局震害防御司.中国历史强震目录.北京:地震出版社,1995
29田勤俭,任治坤,张军龙.则木河断裂带大箐梁子附近古地震组合探槽研究.地震地质,2008,30:400-411
30Ren Z K,Lin A M.Deformation characteristics of co-seismic surface ruptures produced by the1850M7.5Xichang earthquake on the eastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.J Asian Earth Sci,2010,38:1-13
31Wang H,Ran Y K,Li Y B,et al.Holocene paleoseismologic record of earthquakes on the Zemuhe fault on the southeastern margin of the Tibetan Plateau.Geophys J Int,2013,193:11-28
32He H L,Oguchi T.Late Quaternary activity of the Zemuhe and Xiaojiang faults in southwest China from geomorphological mapping.Geomorphology,2008,96:62-85
33冯元保,杜平山.1850年西昌地震地表破裂带.四川地震,2000,1:80-96
34任金卫,李坪.四川西昌1850年地震地表破裂特征研究.地震地质,1993,15:97-106
35俞维贤,宋方敏,等.1850年西昌地震地表破裂带的考察研究.地震研究,2001,24:346-350
36邓起东,冉勇康,杨晓平,等.中国活动构造图(1:4000000).北京:地震出版社,2007
37He H L,Ren J W.Holocene earthquakes on the Zemuhe Fault in Southwestern China.Ann Geophys,2003,46:1035-1051
版权所有：© 2023 中国地质图书馆 中国地质调查局地学文献中心