用长周期面波波形拟合及P波初动方向估计中等地震的震源机制
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摘要
提出利用周期范围４５—１００ｓ间的面波波形拟合与Ｐ波初动符号相结合，估计中小地震震源机制的方法．给出两个倾滑为主和三个走滑为主的震例．其中最小的是１９９６年１２月１６日北京顺义ＭＬ４．５级地震.比较了１９９６年２月５日云南丽江Ｍｓ６．０级余震的机制解与美国哈佛大学ＣＭＴ结果的相似程度，各震例记录图与理论图的相似程度，以及初动分布与主压力轴Ｐ和主动力轴Ｔ分布区的一致程度．从比较结果看，得到的震源机制解有参考价值，开发的软件有可用性．
A procedure that is used to estimate focal mechanisms of moderate and smallearthquakes using surface waveform fitting method and first motion signs of P waves.Two earthquake examples that formed normal faults and three examples that formedstrike-slip faults are given. The smallest earthquake is the one with Mr4.5 occurred onDecember 16, 1996, at Beijing Shunyi. Based on the similarity between the solutionof Yunnan Lijiang Ms6.0 earthquake on February 5,1996, and that of Harvard CMTto the same earthquake, the similarity between waveform of records and that of thesynthetic in the sample earthquakes, as well as the consistency between thedistribution of first motion signs of P waves and P. T regions, the solutions of focalmechanism obtained are valuable, and the software developed is usable.
A procedure that is used to estimate focal mechanisms of moderate and smallearthquakes using surface waveform fitting method and first motion signs of P waves.Two earthquake examples that formed normal faults and three examples that formedstrike-slip faults are given. The smallest earthquake is the one with Mr4.5 occurred onDecember 16, 1996, at Beijing Shunyi. Based on the similarity between the solutionof Yunnan Lijiang Ms6.0 earthquake on February 5,1996, and that of Harvard CMTto the same earthquake, the similarity between waveform of records and that of thesynthetic in the sample earthquakes, as well as the consistency between thedistribution of first motion signs of P waves and P. T regions, the solutions of focalmechanism obtained are valuable, and the software developed is usable.
引文
l Dziewonski A M Chou T A, Woodhouse J H Determination of earthquake source parameters fromwaveform data for studies of global and regional seismicity. J Geophys. Ass., 1981, 86(B4):2825-2852
2 Dziewonski A M, Woodhouse J H. An experiment in systematic study of global seismicity: Centroid-momenttensor solutions for 201 moderate and large earthquakes of 1981. J. Geophys. Res., 1983, 88(B4):3247-3271
3马淑田.用长周期面波、地幔波数字化波形记录和P波初动估计大、中、小地震的震源机制及相关问题研究[博士论文].北京:中国科学院地球物理研究所,1997MA Shu-Tian. To estimate mechanisms of large. middie. and small earthquakes using digital records of longperiod surface waves. mantle waves and P wave first inchon signs, and to study related problems[doctora]dissertation] (in Chinese). Beijing: Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1997
4 Masayuki Xikuchi, Hiroo Kanamori. Inversion of complex body waves-III. BSSA 1991, 81(6):2335-2350
5 Aki K, Richards G. Quantitative Seismology, Theory and Methods. San Francisco: Freeman, 1980, 105-119
6 Wang C Y, Herrmann R B. A numerical study of P-, SV-, and SH-wave eneration in a plane layeredmedium. BSSA, 1980, 70(4): 1015-1036
7 Haskell N A. Radation pattern of Rayleigh waves from a fault of arbitrary dip and direction of motion in ahomogeneous medium. BSSA, 1963, 53(3):619-642
8 Hakell, N A. Radiation pattern of surf eec waves from point sources in a multi-layered medium. BSSA,1964, 54(1): 377-393
9姚振兴,郑天愉,曹柏如等.用P波波形资料测定中强地震震源过程的方法.地球物理学进展,1991,16(4): 1——26YAO Zhen-Xing, ZHENG Tian-Yu, CAO Bo-Ru, et al. The method of determining middle and strongearthquake's process using P waveform data. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 1991, 6(4): l-26
10 Press W R Teukolsky S A, Vetterling W T, et al. Numerical Recipes in Fortran-The art of ScientificComputing. Second Edition Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992, 387-448
11纪晨.地震波传播及波形反演[硕士论文](第三、四章).北京:中国科学院地球物理研究所,1994JI Chen. The Propagation of Seismic Waves and Waveform inversions [Ms degree thesis, Chapter 3.4] (inChinese). Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 1994
12方开泰.均匀设计-数论方法在试验设计的应用.应用数学学报,1980,3:363—372FANG Kai-Tai. Uniform design-An application of mathematical theory to experimental design. ActaMathemerticae Applicatae Sinica (in Chinese), 1980, 3:363-372
13马杏垣(主编).中国岩石圈动力学地图集(地壳厚度幅).北京:中国地图出版社,1989MA Xing-Yuan(Chief editor). Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China [crustal thickness by gravity inversion](in Chinese). Beijing: China Cartographic Publishing House, 1989
14马淑田,张德存.数字化地震仪的响应及其使用,地震地磁观测与研究.1997,18(3):30—40MA Shu-Tian, ZHANG De-Cun. The responses of digital seismographs and their usage. Seismological andGeomagnetic Observation and Research (in Chinese), 1997, 18(3):30-40
15马淑田,姚振兴,纪晨.1996年 5月 3日内蒙古包头西 Ms6.4级地震的震源机制研究.地球物理学报, 1998, 41(6): 796—803MA Shu-Tian, YAO Zhen-Xing, JI Chen. A study for the mechanism of Ms, 6.4 earthquake on May 3,1996, at West Baotou, Net Mongol. Chinese J Geophys. (in Chinese), 1998, 41(6):796-803
16马淑田,姚振兴,纪晨.1996年2月3日云南丽江地震双重破裂的初步估计及相关问题研究.地震学报, 1998,20(1):18——28MA Shu-Tial YAO Zhen-Xing, JI Chen. Prheliminary estimation for the focal mechanisms of 1996 Lijiangmain shock in Yunnan Province and studies of related problems, Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1998, 20(l): 18-28
17 Cara M. Crust-Mantle structure inferred from surface waves. In: Earthquakes: Observation, Theory andInterphetation LXXXV, Corso, Soc. Italiana di Fisica-Bologna-Italy, 1983, 319-329
2 Dziewonski A M, Woodhouse J H. An experiment in systematic study of global seismicity: Centroid-momenttensor solutions for 201 moderate and large earthquakes of 1981. J. Geophys. Res., 1983, 88(B4):3247-3271
3马淑田.用长周期面波、地幔波数字化波形记录和P波初动估计大、中、小地震的震源机制及相关问题研究[博士论文].北京:中国科学院地球物理研究所,1997MA Shu-Tian. To estimate mechanisms of large. middie. and small earthquakes using digital records of longperiod surface waves. mantle waves and P wave first inchon signs, and to study related problems[doctora]dissertation] (in Chinese). Beijing: Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 1997
4 Masayuki Xikuchi, Hiroo Kanamori. Inversion of complex body waves-III. BSSA 1991, 81(6):2335-2350
5 Aki K, Richards G. Quantitative Seismology, Theory and Methods. San Francisco: Freeman, 1980, 105-119
6 Wang C Y, Herrmann R B. A numerical study of P-, SV-, and SH-wave eneration in a plane layeredmedium. BSSA, 1980, 70(4): 1015-1036
7 Haskell N A. Radation pattern of Rayleigh waves from a fault of arbitrary dip and direction of motion in ahomogeneous medium. BSSA, 1963, 53(3):619-642
8 Hakell, N A. Radiation pattern of surf eec waves from point sources in a multi-layered medium. BSSA,1964, 54(1): 377-393
9姚振兴,郑天愉,曹柏如等.用P波波形资料测定中强地震震源过程的方法.地球物理学进展,1991,16(4): 1——26YAO Zhen-Xing, ZHENG Tian-Yu, CAO Bo-Ru, et al. The method of determining middle and strongearthquake's process using P waveform data. Progress in Geophysics (in Chinese), 1991, 6(4): l-26
10 Press W R Teukolsky S A, Vetterling W T, et al. Numerical Recipes in Fortran-The art of ScientificComputing. Second Edition Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1992, 387-448
11纪晨.地震波传播及波形反演[硕士论文](第三、四章).北京:中国科学院地球物理研究所,1994JI Chen. The Propagation of Seismic Waves and Waveform inversions [Ms degree thesis, Chapter 3.4] (inChinese). Institute of Geophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 1994
12方开泰.均匀设计-数论方法在试验设计的应用.应用数学学报,1980,3:363—372FANG Kai-Tai. Uniform design-An application of mathematical theory to experimental design. ActaMathemerticae Applicatae Sinica (in Chinese), 1980, 3:363-372
13马杏垣(主编).中国岩石圈动力学地图集(地壳厚度幅).北京:中国地图出版社,1989MA Xing-Yuan(Chief editor). Lithospheric Dynamics Atlas of China [crustal thickness by gravity inversion](in Chinese). Beijing: China Cartographic Publishing House, 1989
14马淑田,张德存.数字化地震仪的响应及其使用,地震地磁观测与研究.1997,18(3):30—40MA Shu-Tian, ZHANG De-Cun. The responses of digital seismographs and their usage. Seismological andGeomagnetic Observation and Research (in Chinese), 1997, 18(3):30-40
15马淑田,姚振兴,纪晨.1996年 5月 3日内蒙古包头西 Ms6.4级地震的震源机制研究.地球物理学报, 1998, 41(6): 796—803MA Shu-Tian, YAO Zhen-Xing, JI Chen. A study for the mechanism of Ms, 6.4 earthquake on May 3,1996, at West Baotou, Net Mongol. Chinese J Geophys. (in Chinese), 1998, 41(6):796-803
16马淑田,姚振兴,纪晨.1996年2月3日云南丽江地震双重破裂的初步估计及相关问题研究.地震学报, 1998,20(1):18——28MA Shu-Tial YAO Zhen-Xing, JI Chen. Prheliminary estimation for the focal mechanisms of 1996 Lijiangmain shock in Yunnan Province and studies of related problems, Acta Seismologica Sinica (in Chinese),1998, 20(l): 18-28
17 Cara M. Crust-Mantle structure inferred from surface waves. In: Earthquakes: Observation, Theory andInterphetation LXXXV, Corso, Soc. Italiana di Fisica-Bologna-Italy, 1983, 319-329
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