利用地震数据预测煤系地层裂隙
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摘要
煤系地层内的裂隙是煤层气积聚的主要场所,同时也是地下水富集、运移的重要条件。煤炭生产过程中防止瓦斯爆炸和突水淹井需要完成的一项重要任务是煤系地层裂隙带的预测和圈定,但采用传统的纵波地震勘探方法只能识别较大的断层,却难以提取相对微观的裂隙信息,其中的一个重要原因在于单靠纵波区分裂隙层反射和岩性反射存在困难。基于三维三分量(3D 3C)反射地震数据预测裂隙带的核心是高裂隙密度带会引起反射转换PS波的振幅异常。初步研究表明,PS波振幅异常有望成为强裂隙探测的有力判据。
Fissures in the coal measures strata are the main reservoir of coal bed methane accumulating,also the main prerequisite to groundwater gathering and movement.In order to prevent gas explosion and mine flooding during coal production,an important task is forecasting and locating fissures in coal measures strata.But the traditional compression wave seismic prospecting can only identify larger faults,and difficult to pickup relatively minor fissures' information,a main reason is hardly to distinguish fissure zone reflection and lithizone reflection only depending on compression waves.Based on the kernel of using 3D three component(3D3C) reflection seismic data to forecast fissure zone is the high fissure density zone will bring about amplitude anomaly of P and S wave transformation reflection.The pilot study indicates that the PS wave amplitude anomaly will hopefully be a convincing criterion to detect fissure zone.
Fissures in the coal measures strata are the main reservoir of coal bed methane accumulating,also the main prerequisite to groundwater gathering and movement.In order to prevent gas explosion and mine flooding during coal production,an important task is forecasting and locating fissures in coal measures strata.But the traditional compression wave seismic prospecting can only identify larger faults,and difficult to pickup relatively minor fissures' information,a main reason is hardly to distinguish fissure zone reflection and lithizone reflection only depending on compression waves.Based on the kernel of using 3D three component(3D3C) reflection seismic data to forecast fissure zone is the high fissure density zone will bring about amplitude anomaly of P and S wave transformation reflection.The pilot study indicates that the PS wave amplitude anomaly will hopefully be a convincing criterion to detect fissure zone.
引文
[1]季玉新.用地震资料检测裂缝性油汽藏的方法[J].勘探地球物理进展,2002,25(25):28-35.
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[5]刘斌,王宝善,席道瑛,T Popp,H K ern.水饱和裂纹对地壳岩样中地震波速及各向异性的影响[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):702-710.
[2]姚陈,陈祥国,唐健侯.爆破源反射地震三分量记录理论地震图研究[J].石油地球物理勘探,1999,34(1).
[3]董敏煜编著.多波多分量地震勘探[M].北京:石油工业出版社,2002.
[4]曲寿利,季玉新,王鑫.全方位P波属性列隙检测方法[J].石油地球物理勘探,2001,36(4):390-397.
[5]刘斌,王宝善,席道瑛,T Popp,H K ern.水饱和裂纹对地壳岩样中地震波速及各向异性的影响[J].地球物理学报,1999,42(5):702-710.
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