当前地震勘探仪器的应用技术分析
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摘要
本文对当前地震数据采集记录系统(地震仪器)的结构与使用状况进行了分类和分析．介绍了408UL、IM-AGE、ARIES、BOX、IT 等目前最常用的几种大型有线或无线地震仪器；介绍了目前地震仪器采用的Σ——Δ型的 ADC技术、网络遥测技术、多进制数字调制技术、蜂窝技术以及 GPS 时钟同步技术等多种新技术．从目前地震勘探所面临的环境及保护、勘探成本、勘探效益、勘探精度等问题出发，阐述了仪器所面临的道数和传感器等问题，认为地震仪器应该向传感、定位、采集、传输一体化的高度智能自由组合系统发展．
The structures of current seismic data acquisition system(seismic instruments)are assorted and the statusof their application is analyzed in this paper.The several most advanced wire or wireless instruments used currentlysuch as 408UL,IMAGE,ARIES,BOX,IT etc.are briefly introduced.Some new techniques such as Delta-Sigmaanalog-to-digital conversion(Σ—△ type of ADC),seismic areal networks and multi-path telemetry,multi-level digitalmodulation,cell and GPS clock synchronization etc.are mainly discussed.Relative to the problems of environmentprotection,the cost,benefit and precision of exploration faced by seismic exploration,channels and geophones of theinstruments are described.It is pointed out that the seismic instruments should be developed to a free combinationsystem with high brainy integration of sensing,locating,collecting and transmitting.
The structures of current seismic data acquisition system(seismic instruments)are assorted and the statusof their application is analyzed in this paper.The several most advanced wire or wireless instruments used currentlysuch as 408UL,IMAGE,ARIES,BOX,IT etc.are briefly introduced.Some new techniques such as Delta-Sigmaanalog-to-digital conversion(Σ—△ type of ADC),seismic areal networks and multi-path telemetry,multi-level digitalmodulation,cell and GPS clock synchronization etc.are mainly discussed.Relative to the problems of environmentprotection,the cost,benefit and precision of exploration faced by seismic exploration,channels and geophones of theinstruments are described.It is pointed out that the seismic instruments should be developed to a free combinationsystem with high brainy integration of sensing,locating,collecting and transmitting.
引文
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[2]Sercel Inc.408UL[R].Carquefou Cedex France:Sercel Inc.,2002.
[3]Sercel Inc.408UL Technology Manual[R].Carquefou Cedex France:Sercel Inc,2002.
[4]Input/Output Inc.I/O IMAGE THEORY OF OPERATORS (Revised 01/02)[R].Stafford,TEXAS USA:Input/Output Inc,2003.
[5]Input/Output Inc.SVSM VectorSeis Module(Revised 0829/03)[R].Stafford,TEXAS USA:Input/Output Inc.,2003.
[6]Systems G X,Ltd.ARAM-ARIES OPERATORS MANUAL (Version 1.00)[R].Alberta Canada:Geo-XSystems,Ltd.,2001.
[7]System G X.Ltd.ARAM-ARIES[R].Alberta Canada:GeoX System,Inc.,2003.
[8]Fairfield Industries Inc.Box Seismic Data Net[R].Fairfield,Lowa,USA:Fairfield Industries Inc.,2001.
[9]VibtechTechnology Ltd.IT System User's manual Ver.1.3,Vol.1.[R].Glasgow G4 OLT,UK:VibtechTechnology Ltd.,2004.
[10]JGI,Inc.MS-2000[R].Tokyo 112-0012 JAPAN:JGI,Inc.,2003.
[11]Sercel Inc.408DSU[R].Carquefou Cedex France:Sercel Inc.,2003.
[12]Seismic Instrument Inc.SI2000,Seismic Instrument[R].Austin,Texas USA:Seismic Instrument Inc.,2002
[13]刘益成，罗维炳．信号处理与过抽样转换器[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，1997：59～81．
[14]谢希仁，陈鸣，张兴元．计算机网络[M]．北京：电子工业出版社，1997：19～57．
[15]Sercel Inc.408UL REFERENCE TRAINING GUIDE-Seis-mic Areal Network principle[R].Carquefou Cedex France:Sercel Inc.,2001.
[16]Sercel Inc.408UL REFERENCE TRAINING GUIDE(Seismic Areal Network)[R].Carquefou Cedex France:Sercel Inc.,2002
[17]FUQIN Xiong.Digital Modulation Techniques[A].In:Publication Data[C].Norwood,MA 02062 USA:ARTECH HOUSE Inc.,2000:422～515.
[18]曹志刚，钱亚生．现代通讯原理[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，2003：252～317．
[19]胡道元．计算机局域网[M]．北京：清华大学出版社，1997：182～203．
[20]候春萍，宋梅，蔡涛译．WAP 无线应用协议[M]．北京：机械工艺出版社，2000：15～33．
[21]NMEA (National Marine Electronics Association).NMEA 0183,Version 3.0[R].7 Riggs Avenue Severna Park,MD 21146 USA:NMEA,2000.
[22]RTCM (Radio Technical Commission For Maritime Services).Recommended Standards For Differential Navstar GPS Service,Version 2.2,RTCM Special Committee No.104 [R].Arlington Virgina 22209,USA:RTCM,1998.
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