用微地震法监测压裂裂缝转向过程

英文篇名：Micro-seismic monitoring on direction change of hydro-fractured cracks
中文刊名：石油勘探与开发
英文刊名：Petroleum Exploration and Development
作者：刘继民 ; 刘建中 ; 刘志鹏 ; 朱钢芹 ; 王立峰
英文作者：LIU Ji-min~(1) ; LIU Jian-zhong~(2) ; LIU Zhi-peng~(1) ; ZHU Gang-qin~(1) ; WANG Li-feng~(1)(1.No.10 Oil Production Company ; Daqing Oilfield Company Ltd ; PetroChina ; Heilongjiang 166405 ; China ; 2. PetroChina Exploration & Development Research Institute ; Beijing 100083 ; China)
中文关键词：微地震监测 ; 压裂转向实验 ; 裂缝转向机制 ; 裂缝转向判定标准
英文关键词：micro-seismic monitor ; experiment of crack direction change ; crack direction change mechanism ; criteria for crack direction change
出版日期：2005-04-23
机构：中国石油大庆油田采油十厂 ,中国石油勘探开发研究院 ,中国石油大庆油田采油十厂 ,中国石油大庆油田采油十厂 ,中国石油大庆油田采油十厂
年：2005
期：02
出版单位：石油勘探与开发

摘要

应用微地震法,全程监测松辽盆地朝阳沟油田3口井、7 个层(次)的压裂施工过程,监测结果与油田生产动态相符,取得了成功。监测中发现了有代表性的3种形式的裂缝转向机制:①对于不同因素控制的不同走向的两条裂缝,分别压开转向效果最明显;②对于同一因素控制下的裂缝,尽管初裂缝走向不同,但裂缝在延伸过程中仍转回原来的方向,由于起点不同,二者只是平行,并不一定重合;③同一因素控制下的裂缝也可能出现小角度转向,由于偏离的方向小,受到的转回原来方向的约束力也小,可以出现较长的、不同走向新缝。其中,以压开不同控制因素下的两条裂缝效果最好。总结监测结果,得出判定裂缝发生转向的3个标准:①监测到的裂缝走向、形态不同;②第二次压裂的破裂压力应比第一次压裂的破裂压力显著升高;③新裂缝与原来的裂缝不是同一条缝,观测到的裂缝高度也会有所差别。这些标准与实际情况十分吻合。图4表2参5
The whole hydraulic fracturing process of 7 layers in 3 wells of Chaoyanggou Oilfield, Songliao Basin, was monitored with a micro-seismic technology. Obtained results are similar to producing performance. Three representing mechanisms of crack direction change were discovered during the monitoring: ①two different direction cracks by different control factors changed direction obviously after fracturing; ②for the cracks with different initial direction controlled by the same factor, the crack changed to original direction in extension; ③cracks under the same factor may change direction with small angle. Three criteria to judge the crack direction change are introduced: ①crack direction and form is different; ②the second hydro-fracturing pressure is higher; ③ the new fracture does not extend along the original one, and the height may also be different.

引文

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