地震数据识别孔隙流体和孔隙度
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摘要
文章综合岩石物理资料和地震数据识别孔隙流体和孔隙度 ,寻找它们之间可能存在的函数关系。从实现方法上分四个步骤 :第一步 ,取 1/ 4波长对研究层段的测井、地震数据进行归一化处理 ;第二步 ,分析储层地球物理特征 ,对整理后的测井资料 ,采用最小二乘多项式拟合方法 ,建立波阻抗与相关孔隙流体和孔隙度的初始模型 ;第三步 ,对迭加地震资料 ,利用测井约束反演得到波阻抗体 ;第四步 ,根据得到的储层波阻抗与孔隙度之间的函数关系 ,将地震波阻抗体定量转换成储层孔隙度体。文中所建立的波阻抗和孔隙度之间的转换关系对未固结砂岩储层是有效的 ,对于不同油田 ,不同岩相是有变化的。对于砂岩储层 ,含气砂岩的声阻抗比含油和含水砂岩的声阻抗低 ,利用这种差异可以直接识别储层中气体。
The paper has summarized the litho-physical materials and seismic data to recognize pore-fluid and porosity, and seek the probably existent functional-relation between them. It may be divided into 4 steps from realizing method. 1st, taking 1/4 wave length for logging and seismic data of the studied interval to conduct normalized treatment; 2nd, analizing the reservoir geophysical feature, for the systemalized logging material to found the initial model of wave impedance correlative to pore-fluid and porosity by adopting multinomial fitting method of least square; 3rd, for stack seismic material, to obtain wave-impedance body by using the logging constrained inversion; 4th, on the basis of obtained functional relation between reservoir wave-impedance and porosity to quantitatively convert seismic wave-impedance body into reservoir porosity body. The converting relation between wave-impedance and porosity founded in this paper is effective for unconsolidated sandstone reservoir, while for different oil field and different lithofacies, it is changeable. For sandstone reservoir, the acoustic impedance of gas-bearing sandstone is lower than that of oil- and water-bearing sandstone, gas in reservoir may be directly recognized by using this difference.
The paper has summarized the litho-physical materials and seismic data to recognize pore-fluid and porosity, and seek the probably existent functional-relation between them. It may be divided into 4 steps from realizing method. 1st, taking 1/4 wave length for logging and seismic data of the studied interval to conduct normalized treatment; 2nd, analizing the reservoir geophysical feature, for the systemalized logging material to found the initial model of wave impedance correlative to pore-fluid and porosity by adopting multinomial fitting method of least square; 3rd, for stack seismic material, to obtain wave-impedance body by using the logging constrained inversion; 4th, on the basis of obtained functional relation between reservoir wave-impedance and porosity to quantitatively convert seismic wave-impedance body into reservoir porosity body. The converting relation between wave-impedance and porosity founded in this paper is effective for unconsolidated sandstone reservoir, while for different oil field and different lithofacies, it is changeable. For sandstone reservoir, the acoustic impedance of gas-bearing sandstone is lower than that of oil- and water-bearing sandstone, gas in reservoir may be directly recognized by using this difference.
引文
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6 开发地震[M].石油勘探开发研究院地球物理所汇编(内部资料)1999,194～209
2 Avseth.RochphysicsdiagnosticofNorthSeasands:Linkbetweenmicrostructureandseismicproperties[J].Geo physicalResearchLetters,2000,27:2761～2764
3 Backus.Long-waveelasticanisotropyproducedbyhori zontallayering[J].JournalofGeophysicalResearch,1962,67:4427～4440
4 Batzle.Seismicpropertiesofporefluids[J].Geo physics,1992,57:1396～1408
5 Dvorkin.Elasticityofhigh-porositysandstones:TheoryfortwoNorthSeadatasets[J].Geophysics,1996,61:1363～1370
6 开发地震[M].石油勘探开发研究院地球物理所汇编(内部资料)1999,194～209
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