钻孔应变观测中潮汐因子离散性与各向异性原因探讨——“十五”数字地震观测网络分量钻孔应变仪首批观测资料分析解释
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摘要
中国数字地震观测网络"十五"计划期间,在全国布设约40台我国自主研发的YRY-4型分量式钻孔应变仪.现已取得一批固体潮观测数据,计算M2波潮汐因子的结果表明,潮汐因子的相对精度最高达到了0.001.在此基础上,发现各观测点潮汐响应(潮汐因子)与理论模型比较有很大的离散性及有规律的方位各向异性.本文提出断层隔离是造成各台站潮汐因子偏离理论值及方位各向异性的主要原因.有限元断层地块模型应变方位响应与台站实测方位响应的一致,支持了这一观点.潮汐响应各向异性现象有望在地质构造研究、城市断层探测、地块活动微动态、地震烈度区划等研究领域发挥作用.也可为GPS等空间大地测量观测数据改进潮汐位移修正,提供参考.
The National Digital Seismological Observational Networks plans to install in China's mainland 40 YRY-4 Borehole Strain meters developed by CHI Shun-liang.First set of data has been analysesed,and from the best quality data,relative accuracy of M2 wave factor can reach 0.001,which is better than the best long-base cave strain meters.We also discovered at various borehole strain-meter stations tidal response(tidal factor) are separate and have orderly anisotropy.We believe that fault isolation is the cause of separation and anisotropy.Finite element model of fault block's azimuth response has contingency with measured response,which supports this hypothesis.The anisotropy of tidal response will be helpful at geologic structure research,city fault survey,land block micro activity,earthquake intensity area delimit.And it can also improve tidal displacement revises of GPS data.
The National Digital Seismological Observational Networks plans to install in China's mainland 40 YRY-4 Borehole Strain meters developed by CHI Shun-liang.First set of data has been analysesed,and from the best quality data,relative accuracy of M2 wave factor can reach 0.001,which is better than the best long-base cave strain meters.We also discovered at various borehole strain-meter stations tidal response(tidal factor) are separate and have orderly anisotropy.We believe that fault isolation is the cause of separation and anisotropy.Finite element model of fault block's azimuth response has contingency with measured response,which supports this hypothesis.The anisotropy of tidal response will be helpful at geologic structure research,city fault survey,land block micro activity,earthquake intensity area delimit.And it can also improve tidal displacement revises of GPS data.
引文
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[3]http://www.unavco.ucar.edu/community/publications/pro-posals/PBOwhitepaper.pdf.
[4]张宝红.美国的板块边界观测(PBO)计划[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004(3):105~108.
[5]周硕愚,吴云,李正媛,杜瑞林.形变大地测量学的进展、问题与地震预报[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004(4):95~101.
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[7]苏恺之.地应力测量方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1985:59~65.
[8]潘立宙,测量地应力的钻孔变形法[A].见:中国地质科学院地质力学研究所和国家地震局地震地质大队编,地应力测量的原理和应用[C].北京:地质出版社,1981:1~47.
[9]马杏垣,中国及邻近海域岩石圈动力学图[M].北京:地质出版社,1986.
[10]吴子泉,刘元生,刘保金,等.地球物理方法在城市地震活动断层精确定位中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):528~533.
[11]张捍卫,郑勇,赵方权.固体潮对测站位移影响的理论研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,3:98~103.
[12]赵文津.中国大陆动力学研究进展??纪念中国地球物理学会成立60周年[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1113~1121.
①内部报告:唐九安,中国固体潮观测数据库建设及共享服务(科技报告),中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2006年2月
[2]Sacks I S,Evertson D W.Sensitive borehole strain-rate meter[J].Carnegie Inst,Washington Yearb,1971(68):448~453.
[3]http://www.unavco.ucar.edu/community/publications/pro-posals/PBOwhitepaper.pdf.
[4]张宝红.美国的板块边界观测(PBO)计划[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004(3):105~108.
[5]周硕愚,吴云,李正媛,杜瑞林.形变大地测量学的进展、问题与地震预报[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2004(4):95~101.
[6]邱泽华,等.四分量钻孔应变观测的实地相对标定[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2005,1:118~122.
[7]苏恺之.地应力测量方法[M].北京:地震出版社,1985:59~65.
[8]潘立宙,测量地应力的钻孔变形法[A].见:中国地质科学院地质力学研究所和国家地震局地震地质大队编,地应力测量的原理和应用[C].北京:地质出版社,1981:1~47.
[9]马杏垣,中国及邻近海域岩石圈动力学图[M].北京:地质出版社,1986.
[10]吴子泉,刘元生,刘保金,等.地球物理方法在城市地震活动断层精确定位中的应用[J].地球物理学进展,2005,20(2):528~533.
[11]张捍卫,郑勇,赵方权.固体潮对测站位移影响的理论研究[J].大地测量与地球动力学,2003,3:98~103.
[12]赵文津.中国大陆动力学研究进展??纪念中国地球物理学会成立60周年[J].地球物理学进展,2007,22(4):1113~1121.
①内部报告:唐九安,中国固体潮观测数据库建设及共享服务(科技报告),中国地震局兰州地震研究所,2006年2月
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