羌塘盆地石油地震反射新剖面及基底构造浅析
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摘要
针对羌塘盆地地表地质条件复杂,地震资料信噪比低,取得高质量的地震剖面存在很大困难等问题,中国地质调查局在羌塘布设了总长约52km的试验剖面,初步摸索出一套适用于羌塘地区地震资料采集与处理的方法技术。处理后的地震叠加剖面上反射信息丰富,揭示出盆地基底以上各构造层的空间展布特征,为查明构造圈闭和构造界面,确定地层的组合等方面,提供了高质量数据。文中在对地震反射特征分析的基础上对两条剖面显示的盆地基底的埋深、形态等方面进行了初步研究。
It is hard to acquire high -quality seismic sections in the Qiangtang basin because of complex surface geological conditions and a low signal-noise ratio. In regard to this problem, the authors deployed test seismic profiles with a total length of -52 km in Qiangtang and preliminarily developed a set of seismic data acquisition and processing techniques suited to the features of this area. The two processed stacking profiles show informative reflection and reveal the features of spatial distribution of various structural layers above the basement, which provides high -quality data for ascertaining the structural traps and tectonic boundaries and determining the stratigraphic grouping. On the basis of an analysis of the seismic reflection characters, a preliminary study of the burial depth and morphology of the crystalline basement of the Qiangtang basin displayed by the two profiles has been undertaken.
It is hard to acquire high -quality seismic sections in the Qiangtang basin because of complex surface geological conditions and a low signal-noise ratio. In regard to this problem, the authors deployed test seismic profiles with a total length of -52 km in Qiangtang and preliminarily developed a set of seismic data acquisition and processing techniques suited to the features of this area. The two processed stacking profiles show informative reflection and reveal the features of spatial distribution of various structural layers above the basement, which provides high -quality data for ascertaining the structural traps and tectonic boundaries and determining the stratigraphic grouping. On the basis of an analysis of the seismic reflection characters, a preliminary study of the burial depth and morphology of the crystalline basement of the Qiangtang basin displayed by the two profiles has been undertaken.
引文
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[9]赵文津,刘葵,蒋忠惕,等．西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带-深部地 球物理结构给出的启示[J]．地质通报,2004,23(7):623-635． Zhao Wenjin, Liu Kui , Jiang Zhongti, et al. Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone , Tibet-a suggestion given by deep geophysical struc-ture[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2004, 23(7):623-635(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]李秋生,彭苏萍,高锐,等．青藏高原北部巴颜喀拉构造带基 底隆起的地震学证据[J].地质通报,2003,22(10):782-788． Li Qiusheng , Peng Suping , Gao Rui , et al . Seismic evidence of the basement uplift in the Bayan Har tectonic belt, Qinghai , and its tectonic significance J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2003,22(10): 782-788(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]滕吉文,张中杰,杨顶辉,等．青藏高原地体划分的地球物理 标志研究[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(5):629-641． Teng Jiwen , Zhang Zhongjie , Yang Dinghui , et al. The study of geophysical criterion for dividing terranes in Qianghai -Xizang plateau [J]. Acta Geophysica Sinica , 1996,39 (5):629-641 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]赵文津,赵逊,蒋忠惕,等．西藏羌塘盆地的深部结构特征与含油 气远景评价[J]．中国地质,2005,33(1):1-13． Zhao Wenjin, Zhao Xun, Jiang Zhongti.Deep structure and petroleum prospect evaluation of the Qiangtang basin, Tibet [J]. Geology in China, 2005,33(1): 1-13 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[2]高锐,吴功建．青藏高原亚东-格尔木地学断面地球物理综合解 释模型与现今地球动力学过程[J]．长春地质学院学报,1995,25 (3):241-250． Gao Rui, Wu Gongjian. Geophysical model and geodynamic process of Yadong-Ge'ermu geoscience transect in Qinghai-Tibet plateau[J]. Journal of Changchun University of Earth Science , 1995, 25(3):241-250 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[3]黄继钧,伊海生,林金辉.羌塘盆地构造特征及油气远景初步分 析[J]．地质科学,2003,39(1):1-10． Huang Jijun, Yi Haisheng, Lin Jinhui. Structural features of the Qiangtang basin and preliminary analysis on oil-gas potentials [J]. Chinese Journal of Geology, 2003,39 (1): 1-10 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[4]赵政璋,李永铁,叶和飞,等．青藏高原羌塘盆地石油地质[M]．北京: 科学出版社,2000． Zhao Zhengzhang , Li Yongtie , Ye Hefei, et al . Petroleum Geol ogy of Qitang Basin in Tibet [M]. Beijing : Science Press, 2000 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[5]叶和飞,罗建宁,李永铁,等．特提斯构造域与油气勘探[J]．沉积 与特提斯地质,2000,20(1):1-27． Ye Hefei, Luo Jianning, Li Yongtie, et al. Tethyan tectonic domain and petroleum exploration [J]. Sedimentary Geology and Tethyan Geology, 2000, 20(1): 1-27(in Chinese with English abstract).
[6] 和钟铧,杨德明,李才．藏北羌塘盆地褶皱形变研究[J].中国地 质,2003,30(4):357-360． He Zhonghua , Yang Deming , Li Cai. Folds in the Qiangtang basin, northern Tibet[J]. Geology in China, 2003, 30(4):357-360 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[7]袁学诚．论中国西部岩石圈三维结构及其对寻找油气资源的启示 [J].中国地质,2005,32(1):1-12． Yuan Xuecheng. 3D lithospheric structure of western China and its enlightment on petroleum prospecting[J]. Geology in China, 2005, 32(1):1-12( in Chinese with English abstract ).
[8]熊绍柏,刘宏兵．青藏高原西部的地壳结构[J]．科学通报．1997． 42(12):1309-1312． Xiong Shaobai , Liu Hongbing . Crustal structure in the west Tibetan plateau [J]. Chinese Science Bulletin , 1997 , 42(12): 1309-1312( in Chinese with English abstract ).
[9]赵文津,刘葵,蒋忠惕,等．西藏班公湖-怒江缝合带-深部地 球物理结构给出的启示[J]．地质通报,2004,23(7):623-635． Zhao Wenjin, Liu Kui , Jiang Zhongti, et al. Bangong Co-Nujiang suture zone , Tibet-a suggestion given by deep geophysical struc-ture[J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2004, 23(7):623-635(in Chinese with English abstract).
[10]李秋生,彭苏萍,高锐,等．青藏高原北部巴颜喀拉构造带基 底隆起的地震学证据[J].地质通报,2003,22(10):782-788． Li Qiusheng , Peng Suping , Gao Rui , et al . Seismic evidence of the basement uplift in the Bayan Har tectonic belt, Qinghai , and its tectonic significance J]. Geological Bulletin of China, 2003,22(10): 782-788(in Chinese with English abstract).
[11]滕吉文,张中杰,杨顶辉,等．青藏高原地体划分的地球物理 标志研究[J].地球物理学报,1996,39(5):629-641． Teng Jiwen , Zhang Zhongjie , Yang Dinghui , et al. The study of geophysical criterion for dividing terranes in Qianghai -Xizang plateau [J]. Acta Geophysica Sinica , 1996,39 (5):629-641 (in Chinese with English abstract).
[12]赵文津,赵逊,蒋忠惕,等．西藏羌塘盆地的深部结构特征与含油 气远景评价[J]．中国地质,2005,33(1):1-13． Zhao Wenjin, Zhao Xun, Jiang Zhongti.Deep structure and petroleum prospect evaluation of the Qiangtang basin, Tibet [J]. Geology in China, 2005,33(1): 1-13 (in Chinese with English abstract).
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