地震与地质相结合确定断层断距的方法
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摘要
在油田开发中钻遇断层时,地质上存在将测井分层对比中缺失地层厚度与铅直地层断距混淆的现象。从断层断距的国内流行定义入手,根据油田开发实际,指出了该定义应用于生产中存在的不足。从油田开发中地震和地质获得断层断距的方法入手,指出了测井分层对比确定断层断距时存在人为因素的影响。提出了以断层总滑距的X,Y,Z分量来刻画断距的思路。针对走滑量可忽略的断层,指出了利用品质好的深度域三维地震数据体来获得断层倾角和铅直断距,应用地震和地质相结合的方法消除测井地质分层对比中人为因素造成的断层假象,解决制作精细的连井剖面等方面存在的问题,在生产中验证了该方法的可行性和可靠性。
The thickness of lost stratum and stratigraphic throw is apt to misuse in identification of stratum on logs. Based on an analysis of the concept of fault throw commonly used in China, the author point out some defects of the definition in practice of oilfield exploitation. After analyzed the artificial factors affecting the accuracy of fault throw inferred from well log correlation, the author suggested to determine fault throw by the X, Y, and Z components of the total slip of the fault. For fault of negligible slip, the fault dip and vertical displacement can be detected on good quality 3-D seismic data in depth. The integration of seismic and geology facilitates the elimination of artificial factors in geologic correlation of stratum on well logs. The proposed method has been testified in practice.
The thickness of lost stratum and stratigraphic throw is apt to misuse in identification of stratum on logs. Based on an analysis of the concept of fault throw commonly used in China, the author point out some defects of the definition in practice of oilfield exploitation. After analyzed the artificial factors affecting the accuracy of fault throw inferred from well log correlation, the author suggested to determine fault throw by the X, Y, and Z components of the total slip of the fault. For fault of negligible slip, the fault dip and vertical displacement can be detected on good quality 3-D seismic data in depth. The integration of seismic and geology facilitates the elimination of artificial factors in geologic correlation of stratum on well logs. The proposed method has been testified in practice.
引文
1朱志澄．构造地质学[M]．武汉:中国地质大学出版社, 2004．144～145
2朱志澄,宋鸿林．构造地质学[M]．武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990．158～159
3刘震．储层地震地层学[M]．北京:地质出版社,1997．239～255
4孙建国．勘探地球物理技术最新进展——2002年SEG年会综述Ⅱ:解释与压力预测[J]．勘探地球物理进展, 2003,26(2):148～159
5刘雯林．油气田开发地震技术[M]．北京:石油工业出版社,2004．4～36
6陆基孟．地震勘探原理(下册)[M]．北京:石油大学出社,1996．1～122
7 Tearpock D J．以断距垂直分量替代垂直断距作图——地下地质作图的一个严重错误概念[J]．穆祥金译．渤海石油地质情报,1990(4):12～22
8高志强．用计算法求断层断距[J]．煤炭技术,2001, 20(7):29～30
9黄桂芝．断层两盘矿层产状变化条件下真伪地层断距间关系式的探讨[J]．矿业安全与环保,2001,28(6): 35～36
2朱志澄,宋鸿林．构造地质学[M]．武汉:中国地质大学出版社,1990．158～159
3刘震．储层地震地层学[M]．北京:地质出版社,1997．239～255
4孙建国．勘探地球物理技术最新进展——2002年SEG年会综述Ⅱ:解释与压力预测[J]．勘探地球物理进展, 2003,26(2):148～159
5刘雯林．油气田开发地震技术[M]．北京:石油工业出版社,2004．4～36
6陆基孟．地震勘探原理(下册)[M]．北京:石油大学出社,1996．1～122
7 Tearpock D J．以断距垂直分量替代垂直断距作图——地下地质作图的一个严重错误概念[J]．穆祥金译．渤海石油地质情报,1990(4):12～22
8高志强．用计算法求断层断距[J]．煤炭技术,2001, 20(7):29～30
9黄桂芝．断层两盘矿层产状变化条件下真伪地层断距间关系式的探讨[J]．矿业安全与环保,2001,28(6): 35～36
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